Dietary Habits and Lifestyle, Including Cardiovascular Risk among Vegetarians and Omnivores during the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Polish Population
Background: This study assessed how two food groups—omnivores (OMN) and vegetarians (VEGE)—differ in lifestyle changes, including dietary habits during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials: A total of 861 persons participated in the survey and were divided into two groups: persons following a mixed diet...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Nutrients 2023-01, Vol.15 (2), p.442 |
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| description | Background: This study assessed how two food groups—omnivores (OMN) and vegetarians (VEGE)—differ in lifestyle changes, including dietary habits during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials: A total of 861 persons participated in the survey and were divided into two groups: persons following a mixed diet (n = 489) and vegetarians, including vegans (n = 372). The mean age shows no significant differences. Methods: An online survey was conducted on the Polish population during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data was collected using social media; the survey was intended for adults and included separate sheets for different diets (OMN vs. VEGE). Results: The results in both groups were similar regarding the burden of premature diseases. Most respondents (~90%) did not indicate cardiovascular disease abnormalities. In the OMN group, overweight and obesity occurred more often, and the OMN group also showed a higher percentage of people reporting weight gain (OMN 42.7% vs. VEGE 35.9%). The results disclosed the VEGE group significantly more frequently chose products, i.e., vegetables (p = 0.029), legumes (p < 0.001), and dairy products or their plant substitutes (p = 0.002), compared to the OMN group. Conclusions: The VEGE group revealed the most regularities in dietary habits during the pandemic. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/nu15020442 |
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Materials: A total of 861 persons participated in the survey and were divided into two groups: persons following a mixed diet (n = 489) and vegetarians, including vegans (n = 372). The mean age shows no significant differences. Methods: An online survey was conducted on the Polish population during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data was collected using social media; the survey was intended for adults and included separate sheets for different diets (OMN vs. VEGE). Results: The results in both groups were similar regarding the burden of premature diseases. Most respondents (~90%) did not indicate cardiovascular disease abnormalities. In the OMN group, overweight and obesity occurred more often, and the OMN group also showed a higher percentage of people reporting weight gain (OMN 42.7% vs. VEGE 35.9%). The results disclosed the VEGE group significantly more frequently chose products, i.e., vegetables (p = 0.029), legumes (p < 0.001), and dairy products or their plant substitutes (p = 0.002), compared to the OMN group. Conclusions: The VEGE group revealed the most regularities in dietary habits during the pandemic.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2072-6643</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2072-6643</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/nu15020442</identifier><identifier>PMID: 36678313</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Abnormalities ; Adult ; Body weight ; Body weight gain ; Cardiovascular diseases ; Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology ; Cardiovascular Diseases - etiology ; Coronaviruses ; COVID-19 ; COVID-19 - epidemiology ; Dairy products ; Diet - adverse effects ; Diet, Vegetarian - adverse effects ; Eating behavior ; Feeding Behavior ; Food groups ; Habits ; Health risks ; Heart Disease Risk Factors ; Humans ; Legumes ; Life Style ; Obesity ; Omnivores ; Pandemics ; Poland - epidemiology ; Population studies ; Risk Factors ; Surveys ; Veganism ; Vegetables ; Vegetarianism ; Vegetarians</subject><ispartof>Nutrients, 2023-01, Vol.15 (2), p.442</ispartof><rights>2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2023 by the authors. 2023</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c406t-f6b68ed31c6bcbb4eaafba4ce9380c8e47282715bab4e6cf742521ed6503c45e3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c406t-f6b68ed31c6bcbb4eaafba4ce9380c8e47282715bab4e6cf742521ed6503c45e3</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-6691-3863 ; 0000-0002-7704-5288 ; 0000-0003-2719-3677 ; 0000-0001-7767-9099</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9863812/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9863812/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,881,27901,27902,53766,53768</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36678313$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Kwiatkowska, Izabela</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Olszak, Jakub</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Formanowicz, Piotr</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Formanowicz, Dorota</creatorcontrib><title>Dietary Habits and Lifestyle, Including Cardiovascular Risk among Vegetarians and Omnivores during the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Polish Population</title><title>Nutrients</title><addtitle>Nutrients</addtitle><description>Background: This study assessed how two food groups—omnivores (OMN) and vegetarians (VEGE)—differ in lifestyle changes, including dietary habits during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials: A total of 861 persons participated in the survey and were divided into two groups: persons following a mixed diet (n = 489) and vegetarians, including vegans (n = 372). The mean age shows no significant differences. Methods: An online survey was conducted on the Polish population during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data was collected using social media; the survey was intended for adults and included separate sheets for different diets (OMN vs. VEGE). Results: The results in both groups were similar regarding the burden of premature diseases. Most respondents (~90%) did not indicate cardiovascular disease abnormalities. In the OMN group, overweight and obesity occurred more often, and the OMN group also showed a higher percentage of people reporting weight gain (OMN 42.7% vs. VEGE 35.9%). The results disclosed the VEGE group significantly more frequently chose products, i.e., vegetables (p = 0.029), legumes (p < 0.001), and dairy products or their plant substitutes (p = 0.002), compared to the OMN group. 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Olszak, Jakub ; Formanowicz, Piotr ; Formanowicz, Dorota</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c406t-f6b68ed31c6bcbb4eaafba4ce9380c8e47282715bab4e6cf742521ed6503c45e3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><topic>Abnormalities</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Body weight</topic><topic>Body weight gain</topic><topic>Cardiovascular diseases</topic><topic>Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology</topic><topic>Cardiovascular Diseases - etiology</topic><topic>Coronaviruses</topic><topic>COVID-19</topic><topic>COVID-19 - epidemiology</topic><topic>Dairy products</topic><topic>Diet - adverse effects</topic><topic>Diet, Vegetarian - adverse effects</topic><topic>Eating behavior</topic><topic>Feeding Behavior</topic><topic>Food groups</topic><topic>Habits</topic><topic>Health risks</topic><topic>Heart Disease Risk Factors</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Legumes</topic><topic>Life Style</topic><topic>Obesity</topic><topic>Omnivores</topic><topic>Pandemics</topic><topic>Poland - epidemiology</topic><topic>Population studies</topic><topic>Risk Factors</topic><topic>Surveys</topic><topic>Veganism</topic><topic>Vegetables</topic><topic>Vegetarianism</topic><topic>Vegetarians</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Kwiatkowska, Izabela</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Olszak, Jakub</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Formanowicz, Piotr</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Formanowicz, Dorota</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Physical Education Index</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>Coronavirus Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Nutrients</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Kwiatkowska, Izabela</au><au>Olszak, Jakub</au><au>Formanowicz, Piotr</au><au>Formanowicz, Dorota</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Dietary Habits and Lifestyle, Including Cardiovascular Risk among Vegetarians and Omnivores during the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Polish Population</atitle><jtitle>Nutrients</jtitle><addtitle>Nutrients</addtitle><date>2023-01-14</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>15</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>442</spage><pages>442-</pages><issn>2072-6643</issn><eissn>2072-6643</eissn><abstract>Background: This study assessed how two food groups—omnivores (OMN) and vegetarians (VEGE)—differ in lifestyle changes, including dietary habits during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials: A total of 861 persons participated in the survey and were divided into two groups: persons following a mixed diet (n = 489) and vegetarians, including vegans (n = 372). The mean age shows no significant differences. Methods: An online survey was conducted on the Polish population during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data was collected using social media; the survey was intended for adults and included separate sheets for different diets (OMN vs. VEGE). Results: The results in both groups were similar regarding the burden of premature diseases. Most respondents (~90%) did not indicate cardiovascular disease abnormalities. In the OMN group, overweight and obesity occurred more often, and the OMN group also showed a higher percentage of people reporting weight gain (OMN 42.7% vs. VEGE 35.9%). The results disclosed the VEGE group significantly more frequently chose products, i.e., vegetables (p = 0.029), legumes (p < 0.001), and dairy products or their plant substitutes (p = 0.002), compared to the OMN group. Conclusions: The VEGE group revealed the most regularities in dietary habits during the pandemic.</abstract><cop>Switzerland</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><pmid>36678313</pmid><doi>10.3390/nu15020442</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6691-3863</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7704-5288</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2719-3677</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7767-9099</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Abnormalities Adult Body weight Body weight gain Cardiovascular diseases Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology Cardiovascular Diseases - etiology Coronaviruses COVID-19 COVID-19 - epidemiology Dairy products Diet - adverse effects Diet, Vegetarian - adverse effects Eating behavior Feeding Behavior Food groups Habits Health risks Heart Disease Risk Factors Humans Legumes Life Style Obesity Omnivores Pandemics Poland - epidemiology Population studies Risk Factors Surveys Veganism Vegetables Vegetarianism Vegetarians |
| title | Dietary Habits and Lifestyle, Including Cardiovascular Risk among Vegetarians and Omnivores during the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Polish Population |
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