The Discrepancy between Coal Ash from Muffle, Circulating Fluidized Bed (CFB), and Pulverized Coal (PC) Furnaces, with a Focus on the Recovery of Iron and Rare Earth Elements
Coal ash (CA) is not only one of the most solid wastes from combustion, easily resulting in a series of concerns, but it is also an artificial deposit with considerable metals, such as iron and rare earth. The variation in the coal ash characteristics due to the origins, combustion process, and even...
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description | Coal ash (CA) is not only one of the most solid wastes from combustion, easily resulting in a series of concerns, but it is also an artificial deposit with considerable metals, such as iron and rare earth. The variation in the coal ash characteristics due to the origins, combustion process, and even storage environment has been hindering the metal utilization from coal ash. In this study, three ash sample from lab muffle, circulating fluidized bed (CFB), and pulverized coal (PC) furnace was derived for the discrepancy study from the combustion furnace, including properties, iron, and rare earth recovery. The origins of the coal feed samples have more of an effect on their properties than combustion furnaces. Magnetic separation is suitable for coal ash from PC because of the magnetite product, and the iron content is 58% in the Mag-1 fraction, with a yield of 3%. The particles in CA from CFB appear irregular and fragmental, while those from PC appear spherical with a smooth surface. The results of sequential chemical extraction and observation both indicated that the aluminosilicate phase plays an essential role in rare earth occurrences. Rare earth in CA from muffling and CFB is facilely leached, with a recovery of approximately 50%, which is higher than that from PC ash. This paper aims to offer a reference to easily understand the difference in metal recovery from coal ash. |
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The variation in the coal ash characteristics due to the origins, combustion process, and even storage environment has been hindering the metal utilization from coal ash. In this study, three ash sample from lab muffle, circulating fluidized bed (CFB), and pulverized coal (PC) furnace was derived for the discrepancy study from the combustion furnace, including properties, iron, and rare earth recovery. The origins of the coal feed samples have more of an effect on their properties than combustion furnaces. Magnetic separation is suitable for coal ash from PC because of the magnetite product, and the iron content is 58% in the Mag-1 fraction, with a yield of 3%. The particles in CA from CFB appear irregular and fragmental, while those from PC appear spherical with a smooth surface. The results of sequential chemical extraction and observation both indicated that the aluminosilicate phase plays an essential role in rare earth occurrences. Rare earth in CA from muffling and CFB is facilely leached, with a recovery of approximately 50%, which is higher than that from PC ash. This paper aims to offer a reference to easily understand the difference in metal recovery from coal ash.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1996-1944</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1996-1944</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/ma15238494</identifier><identifier>PMID: 36499989</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Aluminosilicates ; Aluminum silicates ; Coal ; Combustion ; Fluidized beds ; Fly ash ; Furnaces ; Iron ; Magnetic properties ; Magnetic separation ; Muffling ; Origins ; Particle size ; Power plants ; Pulverized coal ; Rare earth elements ; Solid wastes ; Trace elements</subject><ispartof>Materials, 2022-11, Vol.15 (23), p.8494</ispartof><rights>2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). 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The variation in the coal ash characteristics due to the origins, combustion process, and even storage environment has been hindering the metal utilization from coal ash. In this study, three ash sample from lab muffle, circulating fluidized bed (CFB), and pulverized coal (PC) furnace was derived for the discrepancy study from the combustion furnace, including properties, iron, and rare earth recovery. The origins of the coal feed samples have more of an effect on their properties than combustion furnaces. Magnetic separation is suitable for coal ash from PC because of the magnetite product, and the iron content is 58% in the Mag-1 fraction, with a yield of 3%. The particles in CA from CFB appear irregular and fragmental, while those from PC appear spherical with a smooth surface. The results of sequential chemical extraction and observation both indicated that the aluminosilicate phase plays an essential role in rare earth occurrences. Rare earth in CA from muffling and CFB is facilely leached, with a recovery of approximately 50%, which is higher than that from PC ash. This paper aims to offer a reference to easily understand the difference in metal recovery from coal ash.</description><subject>Aluminosilicates</subject><subject>Aluminum silicates</subject><subject>Coal</subject><subject>Combustion</subject><subject>Fluidized beds</subject><subject>Fly ash</subject><subject>Furnaces</subject><subject>Iron</subject><subject>Magnetic properties</subject><subject>Magnetic separation</subject><subject>Muffling</subject><subject>Origins</subject><subject>Particle size</subject><subject>Power plants</subject><subject>Pulverized coal</subject><subject>Rare earth elements</subject><subject>Solid wastes</subject><subject>Trace elements</subject><issn>1996-1944</issn><issn>1996-1944</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><recordid>eNpdkt1u1DAQhSMEolXpDQ-ARuJmi3Yh_kmyvkFqwwYqFVFV5TqaOONuKide7KTV8lA8I962lIIty5bn8_HxeJLkNUvfC6HSDz2yjIulVPJZss-UyhdMSfn8yXovOQzhOo1NCLbk6mWyJ3KplFqq_eTX5ZrgUxe0pw0OegsNjbdEA5QOLRyHNRjvevg6GWNpDmXn9WRx7IYrqOzUtd1PauEkjllZnRzNAYcWzid7Q_4ucqcyOy-PoJr8gJrCHG67cQ0IldNTADfAGB1ckHbxzBacgVMfN3c6F-gJVugjvrLU0zCGV8kLgzbQ4cN8kHyvVpfll8XZt8-n5fHZQss0HxemiM8zQnBmchW7QcpQqpbxJmuZaFIsilxi0SK2POVacyONbrhuNGquuThIPt7rbqamp1bHuz3aeuO7Hv22dtjV_0aGbl1fuZtaFWLJ8iwKzB4EvPsxURjrPiaZrMWB3BRqXmRCpAVnKqJv_0Ov3S5ZdkfJZZblsigi9e6e0t6F4Mk8mmFpvauE-m8lRPjNU_uP6J9_F78BOi-utg</recordid><startdate>20221129</startdate><enddate>20221129</enddate><creator>Pan, Jinhe</creator><creator>Long, Xin</creator><creator>Zhang, Lei</creator><creator>Shoppert, Andrei</creator><creator>Valeev, Dmitry</creator><creator>Zhou, Changchun</creator><creator>Liu, Xiao</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><general>MDPI</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9684-9628</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7677-4510</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8352-6793</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8820-7502</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20221129</creationdate><title>The Discrepancy between Coal Ash from Muffle, Circulating Fluidized Bed (CFB), and Pulverized Coal (PC) Furnaces, with a Focus on the Recovery of Iron and Rare Earth Elements</title><author>Pan, Jinhe ; Long, Xin ; Zhang, Lei ; Shoppert, Andrei ; Valeev, Dmitry ; Zhou, Changchun ; Liu, Xiao</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c406t-f7999f3321f69696fae5a49d12b5d13b0a7764a7daad202cc2f4fcb2cbcac2c23</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Aluminosilicates</topic><topic>Aluminum silicates</topic><topic>Coal</topic><topic>Combustion</topic><topic>Fluidized beds</topic><topic>Fly ash</topic><topic>Furnaces</topic><topic>Iron</topic><topic>Magnetic properties</topic><topic>Magnetic separation</topic><topic>Muffling</topic><topic>Origins</topic><topic>Particle size</topic><topic>Power plants</topic><topic>Pulverized coal</topic><topic>Rare earth elements</topic><topic>Solid wastes</topic><topic>Trace elements</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Pan, Jinhe</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Long, Xin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Lei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shoppert, Andrei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Valeev, Dmitry</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhou, Changchun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Xiao</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>AUTh Library subscriptions: ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>Materials Science Database</collection><collection>Materials science collection</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content (ProQuest)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Materials</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Pan, Jinhe</au><au>Long, Xin</au><au>Zhang, Lei</au><au>Shoppert, Andrei</au><au>Valeev, Dmitry</au><au>Zhou, Changchun</au><au>Liu, Xiao</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The Discrepancy between Coal Ash from Muffle, Circulating Fluidized Bed (CFB), and Pulverized Coal (PC) Furnaces, with a Focus on the Recovery of Iron and Rare Earth Elements</atitle><jtitle>Materials</jtitle><addtitle>Materials (Basel)</addtitle><date>2022-11-29</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>15</volume><issue>23</issue><spage>8494</spage><pages>8494-</pages><issn>1996-1944</issn><eissn>1996-1944</eissn><abstract>Coal ash (CA) is not only one of the most solid wastes from combustion, easily resulting in a series of concerns, but it is also an artificial deposit with considerable metals, such as iron and rare earth. The variation in the coal ash characteristics due to the origins, combustion process, and even storage environment has been hindering the metal utilization from coal ash. In this study, three ash sample from lab muffle, circulating fluidized bed (CFB), and pulverized coal (PC) furnace was derived for the discrepancy study from the combustion furnace, including properties, iron, and rare earth recovery. The origins of the coal feed samples have more of an effect on their properties than combustion furnaces. Magnetic separation is suitable for coal ash from PC because of the magnetite product, and the iron content is 58% in the Mag-1 fraction, with a yield of 3%. The particles in CA from CFB appear irregular and fragmental, while those from PC appear spherical with a smooth surface. The results of sequential chemical extraction and observation both indicated that the aluminosilicate phase plays an essential role in rare earth occurrences. 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subjects | Aluminosilicates Aluminum silicates Coal Combustion Fluidized beds Fly ash Furnaces Iron Magnetic properties Magnetic separation Muffling Origins Particle size Power plants Pulverized coal Rare earth elements Solid wastes Trace elements |
title | The Discrepancy between Coal Ash from Muffle, Circulating Fluidized Bed (CFB), and Pulverized Coal (PC) Furnaces, with a Focus on the Recovery of Iron and Rare Earth Elements |
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