The impact of COVID-19 on liver transplantation programs in Austria
Summary Background Coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) has affected liver disease management. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Austrian orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) programs, however, has not been systematically investigated. Methods All patients listed for OLT in Austria duri...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift 2022-12, Vol.134 (23-24), p.875-882 |
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| creator | Hartl, Lukas Tatscher, Elisabeth Weiss, Melanie Balcar, Lorenz Strassl, Robert Jachs, Mathias Mandorfer, Mattias Soliman, Thomas Stadlbauer, Vanessa Schemmer, Peter Berlakovich, Gabriela Tilg, Herbert Schneeberger, Stefan Trauner, Michael Fickert, Peter Reiberger, Thomas Graziadei, Ivo |
| description | Summary
Background
Coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) has affected liver disease management. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Austrian orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) programs, however, has not been systematically investigated.
Methods
All patients listed for OLT in Austria during 2020–2021 were studied. Data on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) testing, vaccinations, infections, mortality and the overall number of OLTs (vs. pre-COVID-19: 2015–2019) were analyzed.
Results
Overall, 490 patients (median age: 58.0 years, 70.4% men, hepatocellular carcinoma: 27.3%) were listed for OLT in Austria in 2020–2021. Alcohol-related cirrhosis (35.3%), cholestatic (16.7%) and viral liver disease (13.9%) were the main etiologies. Of the patients 61.2% underwent OLT and 8.8% died while on the waiting list.
The number of OLTs performed during COVID-19 (2020:
n
= 150; 2021:
n
= 150) remained unchanged compared to pre-COVID-19 (median:
n
= 152).
Among waiting list patients, 7.7% (
n
= 31/401) were diagnosed with COVID-19 and 7 (22.6%) of these patients died.
By the end of 2021, 45.1% (
n
= 176/390; 82.8% mRNA vaccinations) and 28.8% (105/365) of patients received 2 and 3 SARS-CoV‑2 vaccinations, respectively. After two SARS-CoV‑2 vaccinations, antibodies more often remained undetectable in patients vaccinated post-OLT (25.6% vs. 6.5% in patients vaccinated pre-OLT;
p
= 0.034). Patients with three vaccinations after OLT had lower antibody titers than patients vaccinated pre-OLT (post-OLT: 513.5, IQR 44.4–2500.0 vs. pre-OLT: 2500.0, IQR 1462.0–2500.0 BAU/mL;
p
= 0.020).
Conclusion
The number of OLTs in Austria remained unchanged during COVID-19. SARS-CoV‑2 infections were rare but associated with high mortality in patients on the Austrian OLT waiting lists. SARS-CoV‑2 vaccination rates at the end of 2021 were suboptimal, while serological response was better in patients vaccinated pre-OLT vs. post-OLT. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s00508-022-02105-z |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_9651874</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2735876996</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c446t-800f7836dff8560bddd6a91e33b6e8eaca05802a96e570474b451a67df3f8e683</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9kMtOwzAQRS0EoqXwAyxQlmwC4zh-ZINUladUqZvC1nITp3WVxMFOKtGvx9BSwYaFbWnunTvjg9AlhhsMwG89AAURQ5KEg4HG2yM0xAyTmDOOj9EQICUxJQkdoDPv1wCEphyfogFhhGXhGqLJfKUjU7cq7yJbRpPZ28t9jLPINlFlNtpFnVONbyvVdKozodo6u3Sq9pFponHvO2fUOTopVeX1xf4dodfHh_nkOZ7Onl4m42mcpynrYgFQckFYUZaCMlgURcFUhjUhC6aFVrkCKiBRGdOUQ8rTRUqxYrwoSSk0E2SE7na5bb-odZHrJixXydaZWrkPaZWRf5XGrOTSbmTGKBY8DQHX-wBn33vtO1kbn-sq_E7b3suEEyo4yzIWrMnOmjvrvdPlYQwG-UVf7ujLQF9-05fb0HT1e8FDyw_uYCA7gw9Ss9ROrm3vmgDtv9hP-N-QtA</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2735876996</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>The impact of COVID-19 on liver transplantation programs in Austria</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>SpringerLink Journals</source><creator>Hartl, Lukas ; Tatscher, Elisabeth ; Weiss, Melanie ; Balcar, Lorenz ; Strassl, Robert ; Jachs, Mathias ; Mandorfer, Mattias ; Soliman, Thomas ; Stadlbauer, Vanessa ; Schemmer, Peter ; Berlakovich, Gabriela ; Tilg, Herbert ; Schneeberger, Stefan ; Trauner, Michael ; Fickert, Peter ; Reiberger, Thomas ; Graziadei, Ivo</creator><creatorcontrib>Hartl, Lukas ; Tatscher, Elisabeth ; Weiss, Melanie ; Balcar, Lorenz ; Strassl, Robert ; Jachs, Mathias ; Mandorfer, Mattias ; Soliman, Thomas ; Stadlbauer, Vanessa ; Schemmer, Peter ; Berlakovich, Gabriela ; Tilg, Herbert ; Schneeberger, Stefan ; Trauner, Michael ; Fickert, Peter ; Reiberger, Thomas ; Graziadei, Ivo</creatorcontrib><description>Summary
Background
Coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) has affected liver disease management. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Austrian orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) programs, however, has not been systematically investigated.
Methods
All patients listed for OLT in Austria during 2020–2021 were studied. Data on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) testing, vaccinations, infections, mortality and the overall number of OLTs (vs. pre-COVID-19: 2015–2019) were analyzed.
Results
Overall, 490 patients (median age: 58.0 years, 70.4% men, hepatocellular carcinoma: 27.3%) were listed for OLT in Austria in 2020–2021. Alcohol-related cirrhosis (35.3%), cholestatic (16.7%) and viral liver disease (13.9%) were the main etiologies. Of the patients 61.2% underwent OLT and 8.8% died while on the waiting list.
The number of OLTs performed during COVID-19 (2020:
n
= 150; 2021:
n
= 150) remained unchanged compared to pre-COVID-19 (median:
n
= 152).
Among waiting list patients, 7.7% (
n
= 31/401) were diagnosed with COVID-19 and 7 (22.6%) of these patients died.
By the end of 2021, 45.1% (
n
= 176/390; 82.8% mRNA vaccinations) and 28.8% (105/365) of patients received 2 and 3 SARS-CoV‑2 vaccinations, respectively. After two SARS-CoV‑2 vaccinations, antibodies more often remained undetectable in patients vaccinated post-OLT (25.6% vs. 6.5% in patients vaccinated pre-OLT;
p
= 0.034). Patients with three vaccinations after OLT had lower antibody titers than patients vaccinated pre-OLT (post-OLT: 513.5, IQR 44.4–2500.0 vs. pre-OLT: 2500.0, IQR 1462.0–2500.0 BAU/mL;
p
= 0.020).
Conclusion
The number of OLTs in Austria remained unchanged during COVID-19. SARS-CoV‑2 infections were rare but associated with high mortality in patients on the Austrian OLT waiting lists. SARS-CoV‑2 vaccination rates at the end of 2021 were suboptimal, while serological response was better in patients vaccinated pre-OLT vs. post-OLT.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0043-5325</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1613-7671</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1613-7671</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00508-022-02105-z</identifier><identifier>PMID: 36369363</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Vienna: Springer Vienna</publisher><subject>Austria - epidemiology ; COVID-19 - epidemiology ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Endocrinology ; Female ; Gastroenterology ; Humans ; Internal Medicine ; Liver Neoplasms ; Liver Transplantation ; Male ; Medicine ; Medicine & Public Health ; Middle Aged ; Original ; Original Article ; Pandemics ; Pneumology/Respiratory System ; SARS-CoV-2</subject><ispartof>Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift, 2022-12, Vol.134 (23-24), p.875-882</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2022</rights><rights>2022. The Author(s).</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c446t-800f7836dff8560bddd6a91e33b6e8eaca05802a96e570474b451a67df3f8e683</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c446t-800f7836dff8560bddd6a91e33b6e8eaca05802a96e570474b451a67df3f8e683</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-4590-3583</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00508-022-02105-z$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00508-022-02105-z$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,776,780,881,27901,27902,41464,42533,51294</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36369363$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Hartl, Lukas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tatscher, Elisabeth</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Weiss, Melanie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Balcar, Lorenz</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Strassl, Robert</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jachs, Mathias</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mandorfer, Mattias</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Soliman, Thomas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stadlbauer, Vanessa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schemmer, Peter</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Berlakovich, Gabriela</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tilg, Herbert</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schneeberger, Stefan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Trauner, Michael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fickert, Peter</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Reiberger, Thomas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Graziadei, Ivo</creatorcontrib><title>The impact of COVID-19 on liver transplantation programs in Austria</title><title>Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift</title><addtitle>Wien Klin Wochenschr</addtitle><addtitle>Wien Klin Wochenschr</addtitle><description>Summary
Background
Coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) has affected liver disease management. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Austrian orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) programs, however, has not been systematically investigated.
Methods
All patients listed for OLT in Austria during 2020–2021 were studied. Data on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) testing, vaccinations, infections, mortality and the overall number of OLTs (vs. pre-COVID-19: 2015–2019) were analyzed.
Results
Overall, 490 patients (median age: 58.0 years, 70.4% men, hepatocellular carcinoma: 27.3%) were listed for OLT in Austria in 2020–2021. Alcohol-related cirrhosis (35.3%), cholestatic (16.7%) and viral liver disease (13.9%) were the main etiologies. Of the patients 61.2% underwent OLT and 8.8% died while on the waiting list.
The number of OLTs performed during COVID-19 (2020:
n
= 150; 2021:
n
= 150) remained unchanged compared to pre-COVID-19 (median:
n
= 152).
Among waiting list patients, 7.7% (
n
= 31/401) were diagnosed with COVID-19 and 7 (22.6%) of these patients died.
By the end of 2021, 45.1% (
n
= 176/390; 82.8% mRNA vaccinations) and 28.8% (105/365) of patients received 2 and 3 SARS-CoV‑2 vaccinations, respectively. After two SARS-CoV‑2 vaccinations, antibodies more often remained undetectable in patients vaccinated post-OLT (25.6% vs. 6.5% in patients vaccinated pre-OLT;
p
= 0.034). Patients with three vaccinations after OLT had lower antibody titers than patients vaccinated pre-OLT (post-OLT: 513.5, IQR 44.4–2500.0 vs. pre-OLT: 2500.0, IQR 1462.0–2500.0 BAU/mL;
p
= 0.020).
Conclusion
The number of OLTs in Austria remained unchanged during COVID-19. SARS-CoV‑2 infections were rare but associated with high mortality in patients on the Austrian OLT waiting lists. SARS-CoV‑2 vaccination rates at the end of 2021 were suboptimal, while serological response was better in patients vaccinated pre-OLT vs. post-OLT.</description><subject>Austria - epidemiology</subject><subject>COVID-19 - epidemiology</subject><subject>COVID-19 Vaccines</subject><subject>Endocrinology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Gastroenterology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Internal Medicine</subject><subject>Liver Neoplasms</subject><subject>Liver Transplantation</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Medicine & Public Health</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Original</subject><subject>Original Article</subject><subject>Pandemics</subject><subject>Pneumology/Respiratory System</subject><subject>SARS-CoV-2</subject><issn>0043-5325</issn><issn>1613-7671</issn><issn>1613-7671</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>C6C</sourceid><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kMtOwzAQRS0EoqXwAyxQlmwC4zh-ZINUladUqZvC1nITp3WVxMFOKtGvx9BSwYaFbWnunTvjg9AlhhsMwG89AAURQ5KEg4HG2yM0xAyTmDOOj9EQICUxJQkdoDPv1wCEphyfogFhhGXhGqLJfKUjU7cq7yJbRpPZ28t9jLPINlFlNtpFnVONbyvVdKozodo6u3Sq9pFponHvO2fUOTopVeX1xf4dodfHh_nkOZ7Onl4m42mcpynrYgFQckFYUZaCMlgURcFUhjUhC6aFVrkCKiBRGdOUQ8rTRUqxYrwoSSk0E2SE7na5bb-odZHrJixXydaZWrkPaZWRf5XGrOTSbmTGKBY8DQHX-wBn33vtO1kbn-sq_E7b3suEEyo4yzIWrMnOmjvrvdPlYQwG-UVf7ujLQF9-05fb0HT1e8FDyw_uYCA7gw9Ss9ROrm3vmgDtv9hP-N-QtA</recordid><startdate>20221201</startdate><enddate>20221201</enddate><creator>Hartl, Lukas</creator><creator>Tatscher, Elisabeth</creator><creator>Weiss, Melanie</creator><creator>Balcar, Lorenz</creator><creator>Strassl, Robert</creator><creator>Jachs, Mathias</creator><creator>Mandorfer, Mattias</creator><creator>Soliman, Thomas</creator><creator>Stadlbauer, Vanessa</creator><creator>Schemmer, Peter</creator><creator>Berlakovich, Gabriela</creator><creator>Tilg, Herbert</creator><creator>Schneeberger, Stefan</creator><creator>Trauner, Michael</creator><creator>Fickert, Peter</creator><creator>Reiberger, Thomas</creator><creator>Graziadei, Ivo</creator><general>Springer Vienna</general><scope>C6C</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4590-3583</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20221201</creationdate><title>The impact of COVID-19 on liver transplantation programs in Austria</title><author>Hartl, Lukas ; Tatscher, Elisabeth ; Weiss, Melanie ; Balcar, Lorenz ; Strassl, Robert ; Jachs, Mathias ; Mandorfer, Mattias ; Soliman, Thomas ; Stadlbauer, Vanessa ; Schemmer, Peter ; Berlakovich, Gabriela ; Tilg, Herbert ; Schneeberger, Stefan ; Trauner, Michael ; Fickert, Peter ; Reiberger, Thomas ; Graziadei, Ivo</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c446t-800f7836dff8560bddd6a91e33b6e8eaca05802a96e570474b451a67df3f8e683</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Austria - epidemiology</topic><topic>COVID-19 - epidemiology</topic><topic>COVID-19 Vaccines</topic><topic>Endocrinology</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Gastroenterology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Internal Medicine</topic><topic>Liver Neoplasms</topic><topic>Liver Transplantation</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Medicine & Public Health</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Original</topic><topic>Original Article</topic><topic>Pandemics</topic><topic>Pneumology/Respiratory System</topic><topic>SARS-CoV-2</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Hartl, Lukas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tatscher, Elisabeth</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Weiss, Melanie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Balcar, Lorenz</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Strassl, Robert</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jachs, Mathias</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mandorfer, Mattias</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Soliman, Thomas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stadlbauer, Vanessa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schemmer, Peter</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Berlakovich, Gabriela</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tilg, Herbert</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schneeberger, Stefan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Trauner, Michael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fickert, Peter</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Reiberger, Thomas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Graziadei, Ivo</creatorcontrib><collection>Springer Nature OA Free Journals</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Hartl, Lukas</au><au>Tatscher, Elisabeth</au><au>Weiss, Melanie</au><au>Balcar, Lorenz</au><au>Strassl, Robert</au><au>Jachs, Mathias</au><au>Mandorfer, Mattias</au><au>Soliman, Thomas</au><au>Stadlbauer, Vanessa</au><au>Schemmer, Peter</au><au>Berlakovich, Gabriela</au><au>Tilg, Herbert</au><au>Schneeberger, Stefan</au><au>Trauner, Michael</au><au>Fickert, Peter</au><au>Reiberger, Thomas</au><au>Graziadei, Ivo</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The impact of COVID-19 on liver transplantation programs in Austria</atitle><jtitle>Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift</jtitle><stitle>Wien Klin Wochenschr</stitle><addtitle>Wien Klin Wochenschr</addtitle><date>2022-12-01</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>134</volume><issue>23-24</issue><spage>875</spage><epage>882</epage><pages>875-882</pages><issn>0043-5325</issn><issn>1613-7671</issn><eissn>1613-7671</eissn><abstract>Summary
Background
Coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) has affected liver disease management. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Austrian orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) programs, however, has not been systematically investigated.
Methods
All patients listed for OLT in Austria during 2020–2021 were studied. Data on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) testing, vaccinations, infections, mortality and the overall number of OLTs (vs. pre-COVID-19: 2015–2019) were analyzed.
Results
Overall, 490 patients (median age: 58.0 years, 70.4% men, hepatocellular carcinoma: 27.3%) were listed for OLT in Austria in 2020–2021. Alcohol-related cirrhosis (35.3%), cholestatic (16.7%) and viral liver disease (13.9%) were the main etiologies. Of the patients 61.2% underwent OLT and 8.8% died while on the waiting list.
The number of OLTs performed during COVID-19 (2020:
n
= 150; 2021:
n
= 150) remained unchanged compared to pre-COVID-19 (median:
n
= 152).
Among waiting list patients, 7.7% (
n
= 31/401) were diagnosed with COVID-19 and 7 (22.6%) of these patients died.
By the end of 2021, 45.1% (
n
= 176/390; 82.8% mRNA vaccinations) and 28.8% (105/365) of patients received 2 and 3 SARS-CoV‑2 vaccinations, respectively. After two SARS-CoV‑2 vaccinations, antibodies more often remained undetectable in patients vaccinated post-OLT (25.6% vs. 6.5% in patients vaccinated pre-OLT;
p
= 0.034). Patients with three vaccinations after OLT had lower antibody titers than patients vaccinated pre-OLT (post-OLT: 513.5, IQR 44.4–2500.0 vs. pre-OLT: 2500.0, IQR 1462.0–2500.0 BAU/mL;
p
= 0.020).
Conclusion
The number of OLTs in Austria remained unchanged during COVID-19. SARS-CoV‑2 infections were rare but associated with high mortality in patients on the Austrian OLT waiting lists. SARS-CoV‑2 vaccination rates at the end of 2021 were suboptimal, while serological response was better in patients vaccinated pre-OLT vs. post-OLT.</abstract><cop>Vienna</cop><pub>Springer Vienna</pub><pmid>36369363</pmid><doi>10.1007/s00508-022-02105-z</doi><tpages>8</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4590-3583</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
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| ispartof | Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift, 2022-12, Vol.134 (23-24), p.875-882 |
| issn | 0043-5325 1613-7671 1613-7671 |
| language | eng |
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| source | MEDLINE; SpringerLink Journals |
| subjects | Austria - epidemiology COVID-19 - epidemiology COVID-19 Vaccines Endocrinology Female Gastroenterology Humans Internal Medicine Liver Neoplasms Liver Transplantation Male Medicine Medicine & Public Health Middle Aged Original Original Article Pandemics Pneumology/Respiratory System SARS-CoV-2 |
| title | The impact of COVID-19 on liver transplantation programs in Austria |
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