Chemicals of concern in personal care products used by women of color in three communities of California
Background Personal care products (PCPs) may contain chemicals associated with adverse health effects. Prior studies found differences in product use by race/ethnicity and suggest some women are disproportionately exposed to chemicals of concern (CoCs). Objective We quantified chemicals linked to ca...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology 2022-11, Vol.32 (6), p.864-876 |
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| creator | Johnson, Paula I. Favela, Kristin Jarin, Jennifer Le, Amy M. Clark, Phyllis Y. Fu, Lisa Gillis, April D. Morga, Norma Nguyen, Caroline Harley, Kim G. |
| description | Background
Personal care products (PCPs) may contain chemicals associated with adverse health effects. Prior studies found differences in product use by race/ethnicity and suggest some women are disproportionately exposed to chemicals of concern (CoCs).
Objective
We quantified chemicals linked to cancer, reproductive or developmental harm, or endocrine disruption in PCPs used by women of color.
Methods
We documented PCPs in stores frequented by Black, Latina, and Vietnamese women in their communities in California and CoCs on ingredient labels of 546 unique hair, skin, makeup, nail, deodorant/perfume, and intimate care products. Community partners chose 31 products for a combined targeted and suspect screen (National Institute of Standards and Technology mass spectral library search) two-dimensional gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GCxGC-TOFMS) analysis to detect chemicals not on ingredient labels.
Results
We found that 65% of labels included CoCs, and 74% of labels had undisclosed ingredients listed as “fragrance.” The most prevalent chemicals were parabens, cyclosiloxanes, and formaldehyde releasers. GCxGC-TOFMS found additional CoCs, including fragrances, solvents, preservatives, ultraviolet filters, and contaminants.
Significance
These findings contribute to awareness of potentially hazardous chemicals in PCPs, can help estimate disparities in chemical exposure, and complement research on health inequities due to chemical exposures from various contributors.
Impact statement
This study is one of the first detailed assessments of chemicals of concern found in various types of PCPs used by several racial/ethnic groups. We found that over half of the 546 products selected by community partners as marketed to and/or used by them contained ingredients linked to cancer, reproductive or developmental harm, or endocrine disruption. Laboratory analysis identified additional chemicals in a subset of products, including unlabeled fragrance chemicals and contaminants. Elucidating exposures to chemicals in PCPs is important for risk assessment and health inequity research. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1038/s41370-022-00485-y |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_9628299</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2731720910</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c474t-3819c0853b6716a8cc74cfce9ba85b57a7a5fa272505c142c5f57837ece48b533</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9kUtv1DAUhS0EomXKH-gCWWLDJuBnbG8qoREvqRIbkLqzHM9Nx1ViT-2k1fx7PE2ZAgtWtnW_c-69PgidU_KeEq4_FEG5Ig1hrCFEaNnsn6FTKqVpSCuunh_vnJ6gV6XcVEiolrxEJ7zljBtqTtF2vYUxeDcUnHrsU_SQIw4R7yCXFN2AvcuAdzltZj8VPBfY4G6P79MIcZEMKR8E0zYD1Oc4zjFMAR4M124IfcoxuDP0oq9d4PXjuUI_P3_6sf7aXH7_8m398bLxQomp4ZoaT7TkXato67T3Svjeg-mclp1UTjnZO6aYJNJTwbzspdJcgQehO8n5Cl0svru5G2HjIU7ZDXaXw-jy3iYX7N-VGLb2Ot1Z0zLNjKkG7x4NcrqdoUx2DMXDMLgIaS6WKU4VI6ZGsEJv_0Fv0pzrpx0ooYngjLBKsYXyOZWSoT8OQ4k9BGmXIG0N0j4EafdV9ObPNY6S38lVgC9AqaV4Dfmp939sfwHv6qsI</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2748043202</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Chemicals of concern in personal care products used by women of color in three communities of California</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>SpringerNature Journals</source><creator>Johnson, Paula I. ; Favela, Kristin ; Jarin, Jennifer ; Le, Amy M. ; Clark, Phyllis Y. ; Fu, Lisa ; Gillis, April D. ; Morga, Norma ; Nguyen, Caroline ; Harley, Kim G.</creator><creatorcontrib>Johnson, Paula I. ; Favela, Kristin ; Jarin, Jennifer ; Le, Amy M. ; Clark, Phyllis Y. ; Fu, Lisa ; Gillis, April D. ; Morga, Norma ; Nguyen, Caroline ; Harley, Kim G.</creatorcontrib><description>Background
Personal care products (PCPs) may contain chemicals associated with adverse health effects. Prior studies found differences in product use by race/ethnicity and suggest some women are disproportionately exposed to chemicals of concern (CoCs).
Objective
We quantified chemicals linked to cancer, reproductive or developmental harm, or endocrine disruption in PCPs used by women of color.
Methods
We documented PCPs in stores frequented by Black, Latina, and Vietnamese women in their communities in California and CoCs on ingredient labels of 546 unique hair, skin, makeup, nail, deodorant/perfume, and intimate care products. Community partners chose 31 products for a combined targeted and suspect screen (National Institute of Standards and Technology mass spectral library search) two-dimensional gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GCxGC-TOFMS) analysis to detect chemicals not on ingredient labels.
Results
We found that 65% of labels included CoCs, and 74% of labels had undisclosed ingredients listed as “fragrance.” The most prevalent chemicals were parabens, cyclosiloxanes, and formaldehyde releasers. GCxGC-TOFMS found additional CoCs, including fragrances, solvents, preservatives, ultraviolet filters, and contaminants.
Significance
These findings contribute to awareness of potentially hazardous chemicals in PCPs, can help estimate disparities in chemical exposure, and complement research on health inequities due to chemical exposures from various contributors.
Impact statement
This study is one of the first detailed assessments of chemicals of concern found in various types of PCPs used by several racial/ethnic groups. We found that over half of the 546 products selected by community partners as marketed to and/or used by them contained ingredients linked to cancer, reproductive or developmental harm, or endocrine disruption. Laboratory analysis identified additional chemicals in a subset of products, including unlabeled fragrance chemicals and contaminants. Elucidating exposures to chemicals in PCPs is important for risk assessment and health inequity research.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1559-0631</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1559-064X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1559-064X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1038/s41370-022-00485-y</identifier><identifier>PMID: 36323919</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York: Nature Publishing Group US</publisher><subject>Asian ; Black or African American ; California ; Cancer ; Chemicals ; Consumer products ; Contaminants ; Cosmetics - adverse effects ; Deodorants ; Disruption ; Endocrine disruptors ; Epidemiology ; Ethnic factors ; Exposure ; Female ; Fragrances ; Gas chromatography ; Health disparities ; Health risks ; Hispanic or Latino ; Humans ; Ingredients ; Labels ; Mass spectrometry ; Mass spectroscopy ; Medicine ; Medicine & Public Health ; Minority & ethnic groups ; Personal grooming ; Preservatives ; Risk assessment ; Ultraviolet filters</subject><ispartof>Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology, 2022-11, Vol.32 (6), p.864-876</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2022</rights><rights>2022. The Author(s).</rights><rights>The Author(s) 2022. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c474t-3819c0853b6716a8cc74cfce9ba85b57a7a5fa272505c142c5f57837ece48b533</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c474t-3819c0853b6716a8cc74cfce9ba85b57a7a5fa272505c142c5f57837ece48b533</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-0555-2838</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1038/s41370-022-00485-y$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1038/s41370-022-00485-y$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,780,784,885,27924,27925,41488,42557,51319</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36323919$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Johnson, Paula I.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Favela, Kristin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jarin, Jennifer</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Le, Amy M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Clark, Phyllis Y.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fu, Lisa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gillis, April D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Morga, Norma</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nguyen, Caroline</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Harley, Kim G.</creatorcontrib><title>Chemicals of concern in personal care products used by women of color in three communities of California</title><title>Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology</title><addtitle>J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol</addtitle><addtitle>J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol</addtitle><description>Background
Personal care products (PCPs) may contain chemicals associated with adverse health effects. Prior studies found differences in product use by race/ethnicity and suggest some women are disproportionately exposed to chemicals of concern (CoCs).
Objective
We quantified chemicals linked to cancer, reproductive or developmental harm, or endocrine disruption in PCPs used by women of color.
Methods
We documented PCPs in stores frequented by Black, Latina, and Vietnamese women in their communities in California and CoCs on ingredient labels of 546 unique hair, skin, makeup, nail, deodorant/perfume, and intimate care products. Community partners chose 31 products for a combined targeted and suspect screen (National Institute of Standards and Technology mass spectral library search) two-dimensional gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GCxGC-TOFMS) analysis to detect chemicals not on ingredient labels.
Results
We found that 65% of labels included CoCs, and 74% of labels had undisclosed ingredients listed as “fragrance.” The most prevalent chemicals were parabens, cyclosiloxanes, and formaldehyde releasers. GCxGC-TOFMS found additional CoCs, including fragrances, solvents, preservatives, ultraviolet filters, and contaminants.
Significance
These findings contribute to awareness of potentially hazardous chemicals in PCPs, can help estimate disparities in chemical exposure, and complement research on health inequities due to chemical exposures from various contributors.
Impact statement
This study is one of the first detailed assessments of chemicals of concern found in various types of PCPs used by several racial/ethnic groups. We found that over half of the 546 products selected by community partners as marketed to and/or used by them contained ingredients linked to cancer, reproductive or developmental harm, or endocrine disruption. Laboratory analysis identified additional chemicals in a subset of products, including unlabeled fragrance chemicals and contaminants. Elucidating exposures to chemicals in PCPs is important for risk assessment and health inequity research.</description><subject>Asian</subject><subject>Black or African American</subject><subject>California</subject><subject>Cancer</subject><subject>Chemicals</subject><subject>Consumer products</subject><subject>Contaminants</subject><subject>Cosmetics - adverse effects</subject><subject>Deodorants</subject><subject>Disruption</subject><subject>Endocrine disruptors</subject><subject>Epidemiology</subject><subject>Ethnic factors</subject><subject>Exposure</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fragrances</subject><subject>Gas chromatography</subject><subject>Health disparities</subject><subject>Health risks</subject><subject>Hispanic or Latino</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Ingredients</subject><subject>Labels</subject><subject>Mass spectrometry</subject><subject>Mass spectroscopy</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Medicine & Public Health</subject><subject>Minority & ethnic groups</subject><subject>Personal grooming</subject><subject>Preservatives</subject><subject>Risk assessment</subject><subject>Ultraviolet filters</subject><issn>1559-0631</issn><issn>1559-064X</issn><issn>1559-064X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>C6C</sourceid><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kUtv1DAUhS0EomXKH-gCWWLDJuBnbG8qoREvqRIbkLqzHM9Nx1ViT-2k1fx7PE2ZAgtWtnW_c-69PgidU_KeEq4_FEG5Ig1hrCFEaNnsn6FTKqVpSCuunh_vnJ6gV6XcVEiolrxEJ7zljBtqTtF2vYUxeDcUnHrsU_SQIw4R7yCXFN2AvcuAdzltZj8VPBfY4G6P79MIcZEMKR8E0zYD1Oc4zjFMAR4M124IfcoxuDP0oq9d4PXjuUI_P3_6sf7aXH7_8m398bLxQomp4ZoaT7TkXato67T3Svjeg-mclp1UTjnZO6aYJNJTwbzspdJcgQehO8n5Cl0svru5G2HjIU7ZDXaXw-jy3iYX7N-VGLb2Ot1Z0zLNjKkG7x4NcrqdoUx2DMXDMLgIaS6WKU4VI6ZGsEJv_0Fv0pzrpx0ooYngjLBKsYXyOZWSoT8OQ4k9BGmXIG0N0j4EafdV9ObPNY6S38lVgC9AqaV4Dfmp939sfwHv6qsI</recordid><startdate>20221101</startdate><enddate>20221101</enddate><creator>Johnson, Paula I.</creator><creator>Favela, Kristin</creator><creator>Jarin, Jennifer</creator><creator>Le, Amy M.</creator><creator>Clark, Phyllis Y.</creator><creator>Fu, Lisa</creator><creator>Gillis, April D.</creator><creator>Morga, Norma</creator><creator>Nguyen, Caroline</creator><creator>Harley, Kim G.</creator><general>Nature Publishing Group US</general><general>Nature Publishing Group</general><scope>C6C</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7T2</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0555-2838</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20221101</creationdate><title>Chemicals of concern in personal care products used by women of color in three communities of California</title><author>Johnson, Paula I. ; Favela, Kristin ; Jarin, Jennifer ; Le, Amy M. ; Clark, Phyllis Y. ; Fu, Lisa ; Gillis, April D. ; Morga, Norma ; Nguyen, Caroline ; Harley, Kim G.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c474t-3819c0853b6716a8cc74cfce9ba85b57a7a5fa272505c142c5f57837ece48b533</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Asian</topic><topic>Black or African American</topic><topic>California</topic><topic>Cancer</topic><topic>Chemicals</topic><topic>Consumer products</topic><topic>Contaminants</topic><topic>Cosmetics - adverse effects</topic><topic>Deodorants</topic><topic>Disruption</topic><topic>Endocrine disruptors</topic><topic>Epidemiology</topic><topic>Ethnic factors</topic><topic>Exposure</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fragrances</topic><topic>Gas chromatography</topic><topic>Health disparities</topic><topic>Health risks</topic><topic>Hispanic or Latino</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Ingredients</topic><topic>Labels</topic><topic>Mass spectrometry</topic><topic>Mass spectroscopy</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Medicine & Public Health</topic><topic>Minority & ethnic groups</topic><topic>Personal grooming</topic><topic>Preservatives</topic><topic>Risk assessment</topic><topic>Ultraviolet filters</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Johnson, Paula I.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Favela, Kristin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jarin, Jennifer</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Le, Amy M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Clark, Phyllis Y.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fu, Lisa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gillis, April D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Morga, Norma</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nguyen, Caroline</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Harley, Kim G.</creatorcontrib><collection>Springer Nature OA Free Journals</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Health and Safety Science Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Science Database</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Engineering Database</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Science Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>Engineering Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Johnson, Paula I.</au><au>Favela, Kristin</au><au>Jarin, Jennifer</au><au>Le, Amy M.</au><au>Clark, Phyllis Y.</au><au>Fu, Lisa</au><au>Gillis, April D.</au><au>Morga, Norma</au><au>Nguyen, Caroline</au><au>Harley, Kim G.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Chemicals of concern in personal care products used by women of color in three communities of California</atitle><jtitle>Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology</jtitle><stitle>J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol</stitle><addtitle>J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol</addtitle><date>2022-11-01</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>32</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>864</spage><epage>876</epage><pages>864-876</pages><issn>1559-0631</issn><issn>1559-064X</issn><eissn>1559-064X</eissn><abstract>Background
Personal care products (PCPs) may contain chemicals associated with adverse health effects. Prior studies found differences in product use by race/ethnicity and suggest some women are disproportionately exposed to chemicals of concern (CoCs).
Objective
We quantified chemicals linked to cancer, reproductive or developmental harm, or endocrine disruption in PCPs used by women of color.
Methods
We documented PCPs in stores frequented by Black, Latina, and Vietnamese women in their communities in California and CoCs on ingredient labels of 546 unique hair, skin, makeup, nail, deodorant/perfume, and intimate care products. Community partners chose 31 products for a combined targeted and suspect screen (National Institute of Standards and Technology mass spectral library search) two-dimensional gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GCxGC-TOFMS) analysis to detect chemicals not on ingredient labels.
Results
We found that 65% of labels included CoCs, and 74% of labels had undisclosed ingredients listed as “fragrance.” The most prevalent chemicals were parabens, cyclosiloxanes, and formaldehyde releasers. GCxGC-TOFMS found additional CoCs, including fragrances, solvents, preservatives, ultraviolet filters, and contaminants.
Significance
These findings contribute to awareness of potentially hazardous chemicals in PCPs, can help estimate disparities in chemical exposure, and complement research on health inequities due to chemical exposures from various contributors.
Impact statement
This study is one of the first detailed assessments of chemicals of concern found in various types of PCPs used by several racial/ethnic groups. We found that over half of the 546 products selected by community partners as marketed to and/or used by them contained ingredients linked to cancer, reproductive or developmental harm, or endocrine disruption. Laboratory analysis identified additional chemicals in a subset of products, including unlabeled fragrance chemicals and contaminants. Elucidating exposures to chemicals in PCPs is important for risk assessment and health inequity research.</abstract><cop>New York</cop><pub>Nature Publishing Group US</pub><pmid>36323919</pmid><doi>10.1038/s41370-022-00485-y</doi><tpages>13</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0555-2838</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1559-0631 |
| ispartof | Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology, 2022-11, Vol.32 (6), p.864-876 |
| issn | 1559-0631 1559-064X 1559-064X |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_9628299 |
| source | MEDLINE; SpringerNature Journals |
| subjects | Asian Black or African American California Cancer Chemicals Consumer products Contaminants Cosmetics - adverse effects Deodorants Disruption Endocrine disruptors Epidemiology Ethnic factors Exposure Female Fragrances Gas chromatography Health disparities Health risks Hispanic or Latino Humans Ingredients Labels Mass spectrometry Mass spectroscopy Medicine Medicine & Public Health Minority & ethnic groups Personal grooming Preservatives Risk assessment Ultraviolet filters |
| title | Chemicals of concern in personal care products used by women of color in three communities of California |
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