Killer whale innovation: teaching animals to use their creativity upon request
Thinking flexibly is a skill that enables animals to adapt to changing environments, which enhances survival. Killer whales, Orcinus orca , as the ocean apex predator display a number of complex cognitive abilities, especially flexible thinking or creativity when it comes to foraging. In human care,...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Animal cognition 2022-10, Vol.25 (5), p.1091-1108 |
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| creator | Hill, Heather Manitzas Weiss, Myriam Brasseur, Isabelle Manibusan, Alexander Sandoval, Irene R. Robeck, Todd Sigman, Julie Werner, Kristen Dudzinski, Kathleen M. |
| description | Thinking flexibly is a skill that enables animals to adapt to changing environments, which enhances survival. Killer whales,
Orcinus orca
, as the ocean apex predator display a number of complex cognitive abilities, especially flexible thinking or creativity when it comes to foraging. In human care, smaller dolphins and other marine mammals have been trained to think creatively while under stimulus control. The results of these previous studies have demonstrated that bottlenose dolphins,
Tursiops truncatus
, can create original behaviors in response to an innovative cue. We trained and tested a total of nine killer whales from two different facilities on the innovate concept, using the same methodology. The killer whales ranged in age from 5 to 29 yrs with 4 females and 5 males. The results indicate that the killer whales demonstrated high fluency, originality, some elaboration, and flexibility in their behaviors. Individual variability was observed with younger animals demonstrating more variable behaviors as compared to the older animals. Males seemed to display less complex and lower energy behaviors as compared to females, but this impression may be driven by the age or size of the animal. These results support existing evidence that killer whales are dynamic in their thinking and behavior. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s10071-022-01635-3 |
| format | Article |
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Orcinus orca
, as the ocean apex predator display a number of complex cognitive abilities, especially flexible thinking or creativity when it comes to foraging. In human care, smaller dolphins and other marine mammals have been trained to think creatively while under stimulus control. The results of these previous studies have demonstrated that bottlenose dolphins,
Tursiops truncatus
, can create original behaviors in response to an innovative cue. We trained and tested a total of nine killer whales from two different facilities on the innovate concept, using the same methodology. The killer whales ranged in age from 5 to 29 yrs with 4 females and 5 males. The results indicate that the killer whales demonstrated high fluency, originality, some elaboration, and flexibility in their behaviors. Individual variability was observed with younger animals demonstrating more variable behaviors as compared to the older animals. Males seemed to display less complex and lower energy behaviors as compared to females, but this impression may be driven by the age or size of the animal. These results support existing evidence that killer whales are dynamic in their thinking and behavior.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1435-9448</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1435-9456</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s10071-022-01635-3</identifier><identifier>PMID: 36125643</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher><subject>Animal behavior ; Animals ; Aquatic mammals ; Behavioral Sciences ; Biomedical and Life Sciences ; Bottle-Nosed Dolphin ; Cetacea ; Changing environments ; Cognitive ability ; Creativity ; Dolphins ; Dolphins & porpoises ; Environmental changes ; Female ; Females ; Humans ; Life Sciences ; Male ; Males ; Marine mammals ; Orcinus orca ; Original Paper ; Psychology Research ; Stimulus control ; Tursiops truncatus ; Whale, Killer - psychology ; Zoology</subject><ispartof>Animal cognition, 2022-10, Vol.25 (5), p.1091-1108</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2022</rights><rights>2022. The Author(s).</rights><rights>The Author(s) 2022. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c404t-2b896bf1cb2579bd80c1131f3c98ede7c0ad7c1f2e77b887a1986ee2fbb3aa113</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c404t-2b896bf1cb2579bd80c1131f3c98ede7c0ad7c1f2e77b887a1986ee2fbb3aa113</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-7941-5951 ; 0000-0001-8598-4886</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10071-022-01635-3$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10071-022-01635-3$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,780,784,885,27923,27924,41487,42556,51318</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36125643$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Hill, Heather Manitzas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Weiss, Myriam</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brasseur, Isabelle</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Manibusan, Alexander</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sandoval, Irene R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Robeck, Todd</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sigman, Julie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Werner, Kristen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dudzinski, Kathleen M.</creatorcontrib><title>Killer whale innovation: teaching animals to use their creativity upon request</title><title>Animal cognition</title><addtitle>Anim Cogn</addtitle><addtitle>Anim Cogn</addtitle><description>Thinking flexibly is a skill that enables animals to adapt to changing environments, which enhances survival. Killer whales,
Orcinus orca
, as the ocean apex predator display a number of complex cognitive abilities, especially flexible thinking or creativity when it comes to foraging. In human care, smaller dolphins and other marine mammals have been trained to think creatively while under stimulus control. The results of these previous studies have demonstrated that bottlenose dolphins,
Tursiops truncatus
, can create original behaviors in response to an innovative cue. We trained and tested a total of nine killer whales from two different facilities on the innovate concept, using the same methodology. The killer whales ranged in age from 5 to 29 yrs with 4 females and 5 males. The results indicate that the killer whales demonstrated high fluency, originality, some elaboration, and flexibility in their behaviors. Individual variability was observed with younger animals demonstrating more variable behaviors as compared to the older animals. Males seemed to display less complex and lower energy behaviors as compared to females, but this impression may be driven by the age or size of the animal. 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Killer whales,
Orcinus orca
, as the ocean apex predator display a number of complex cognitive abilities, especially flexible thinking or creativity when it comes to foraging. In human care, smaller dolphins and other marine mammals have been trained to think creatively while under stimulus control. The results of these previous studies have demonstrated that bottlenose dolphins,
Tursiops truncatus
, can create original behaviors in response to an innovative cue. We trained and tested a total of nine killer whales from two different facilities on the innovate concept, using the same methodology. The killer whales ranged in age from 5 to 29 yrs with 4 females and 5 males. The results indicate that the killer whales demonstrated high fluency, originality, some elaboration, and flexibility in their behaviors. Individual variability was observed with younger animals demonstrating more variable behaviors as compared to the older animals. Males seemed to display less complex and lower energy behaviors as compared to females, but this impression may be driven by the age or size of the animal. These results support existing evidence that killer whales are dynamic in their thinking and behavior.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</pub><pmid>36125643</pmid><doi>10.1007/s10071-022-01635-3</doi><tpages>18</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7941-5951</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8598-4886</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Animal cognition, 2022-10, Vol.25 (5), p.1091-1108 |
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| subjects | Animal behavior Animals Aquatic mammals Behavioral Sciences Biomedical and Life Sciences Bottle-Nosed Dolphin Cetacea Changing environments Cognitive ability Creativity Dolphins Dolphins & porpoises Environmental changes Female Females Humans Life Sciences Male Males Marine mammals Orcinus orca Original Paper Psychology Research Stimulus control Tursiops truncatus Whale, Killer - psychology Zoology |
| title | Killer whale innovation: teaching animals to use their creativity upon request |
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