Dietary Interventions in Cancer Treatment and Response: A Comprehensive Review

Chemotherapy and radiotherapy are first-line treatments in the management of advanced solid tumors. Whereas these treatments are directed at eliminating cancer cells, they cause significant adverse effects that can be detrimental to a patient's quality of life and even life-threatening. Diet is...

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Veröffentlicht in:Cancers 2022-10, Vol.14 (20), p.5149
Hauptverfasser: Mercier, Benjamin D, Tizpa, Eemon, Philip, Errol J, Feng, Qianhua, Huang, Ziyi, Thomas, Reeny M, Pal, Sumanta K, Dorff, Tanya B, Li, Yun R
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container_issue 20
container_start_page 5149
container_title Cancers
container_volume 14
creator Mercier, Benjamin D
Tizpa, Eemon
Philip, Errol J
Feng, Qianhua
Huang, Ziyi
Thomas, Reeny M
Pal, Sumanta K
Dorff, Tanya B
Li, Yun R
description Chemotherapy and radiotherapy are first-line treatments in the management of advanced solid tumors. Whereas these treatments are directed at eliminating cancer cells, they cause significant adverse effects that can be detrimental to a patient's quality of life and even life-threatening. Diet is a modifiable risk factor that has been shown to affect cancer risk, recurrence, and treatment toxicity, but little information is known how diet interacts with cancer treatment modalities. Although dietary interventions, such as intermittent fasting and ketogenic diets, have shown promise in pre-clinical studies by reducing the toxicity and increasing the efficacy of chemotherapeutics, there remains a limited number of clinical studies in this space. This review surveys the impact of dietary interventions (caloric restriction, intermittent and short-term fasting, and ketogenic diet) on cancer treatment outcomes in both pre-clinical and clinical studies. Early studies support a complementary role for these dietary interventions in improving patient quality of life across multiple cancer types by reducing toxicity and perhaps a benefit in treatment efficacy. Larger, phase III, randomized clinical trials are ultimately necessary to evaluate the efficacy of these dietary interventions in improving oncologic or quality of life outcomes for patients that are undergoing chemotherapy or radiotherapy.
doi_str_mv 10.3390/cancers14205149
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Whereas these treatments are directed at eliminating cancer cells, they cause significant adverse effects that can be detrimental to a patient's quality of life and even life-threatening. Diet is a modifiable risk factor that has been shown to affect cancer risk, recurrence, and treatment toxicity, but little information is known how diet interacts with cancer treatment modalities. Although dietary interventions, such as intermittent fasting and ketogenic diets, have shown promise in pre-clinical studies by reducing the toxicity and increasing the efficacy of chemotherapeutics, there remains a limited number of clinical studies in this space. This review surveys the impact of dietary interventions (caloric restriction, intermittent and short-term fasting, and ketogenic diet) on cancer treatment outcomes in both pre-clinical and clinical studies. Early studies support a complementary role for these dietary interventions in improving patient quality of life across multiple cancer types by reducing toxicity and perhaps a benefit in treatment efficacy. 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source PubMed Central Open Access; MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central
subjects 20th century
Antioxidants
Calories
Cancer
Cancer therapies
Carbohydrates
Care and treatment
Cell division
Chemotherapy
Clinical trials
Diet
Diet therapy
Dietary restrictions
Disease prevention
DNA damage
Fasting
Fatty acids
High fat diet
Ketogenesis
Leukemia
Low carbohydrate diet
Metabolism
Metastases
Methods
Morbidity
Nutrition research
Oxidative stress
Patients
Phosphorylation
Quality of life
Radiation therapy
Review
Risk factors
Solid tumors
Toxicity
Tumors
title Dietary Interventions in Cancer Treatment and Response: A Comprehensive Review
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