Do Men and Women Have a Different Association between Fear-Avoidance and Pain Intensity in Chronic Pain? An Experience Sampling Method Cohort-Study
Background: Fear-avoidance is one of the factors associated with chronic pain. However, it remains unclear whether the association between fear-avoidance and pain depends on sex. The present study aimed to investigate whether the association between fear-avoidance and pain intensity differed between...
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creator | Waardenburg, Sophie Visseren, Lars van Daal, Elke Brouwer, Brigitte van Zundert, Jan van Kuijk, Sander M. J. Lousberg, Richel Jongen, Ellen M. M. Leue, Carsten de Meij, Nelleke |
description | Background: Fear-avoidance is one of the factors associated with chronic pain. However, it remains unclear whether the association between fear-avoidance and pain depends on sex. The present study aimed to investigate whether the association between fear-avoidance and pain intensity differed between men and women in chronic pain patients. Additionally, the potential confounding effect of affective experiences on the association between fear-avoidance and pain intensity was analyzed. Method: This cohort study included hospital referred chronic pain patients (n = 45). Short momentary assessment questions according to the experience sampling method (ESM) were used to repeatedly assess patients’ pain intensity, level of fear-avoidance and positive as well as negative affect during their daily life. Linear mixed-effects models were applied in the statistical analysis. Unadjusted and adjusted models were made, in which the latter corrected for statistically significant affective experiences and baseline variables, taking the Aikake Information Criterion into account to assess a better model of fit. Results: The results demonstrated an association between fear-avoidance and pain intensity that differed for men and women. In men (n = 13), no association between these variables was found (−0.04 (95% CI: −0.14, 0.06) with a p-value of 0.48), whereas in women (n = 32), an increase in fear-avoidance was associated with a (slight) increase in pain intensity (0.18 (95% CI 0.06, 0.30) with a p-value of 0.003). Affect did not confound the above-mentioned findings. Conclusion: Our data supports previous research highlighting the importance of sex differences in pain experience. These findings may be relevant for clinicians to consider more personalized (i.e., gender specific) pain management in chronic pain patients. |
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An Experience Sampling Method Cohort-Study</title><source>Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals</source><source>PubMed Central Open Access</source><source>MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute</source><source>PubMed Central</source><creator>Waardenburg, Sophie ; Visseren, Lars ; van Daal, Elke ; Brouwer, Brigitte ; van Zundert, Jan ; van Kuijk, Sander M. J. ; Lousberg, Richel ; Jongen, Ellen M. M. ; Leue, Carsten ; de Meij, Nelleke</creator><creatorcontrib>Waardenburg, Sophie ; Visseren, Lars ; van Daal, Elke ; Brouwer, Brigitte ; van Zundert, Jan ; van Kuijk, Sander M. J. ; Lousberg, Richel ; Jongen, Ellen M. M. ; Leue, Carsten ; de Meij, Nelleke</creatorcontrib><description>Background: Fear-avoidance is one of the factors associated with chronic pain. However, it remains unclear whether the association between fear-avoidance and pain depends on sex. The present study aimed to investigate whether the association between fear-avoidance and pain intensity differed between men and women in chronic pain patients. Additionally, the potential confounding effect of affective experiences on the association between fear-avoidance and pain intensity was analyzed. Method: This cohort study included hospital referred chronic pain patients (n = 45). Short momentary assessment questions according to the experience sampling method (ESM) were used to repeatedly assess patients’ pain intensity, level of fear-avoidance and positive as well as negative affect during their daily life. Linear mixed-effects models were applied in the statistical analysis. Unadjusted and adjusted models were made, in which the latter corrected for statistically significant affective experiences and baseline variables, taking the Aikake Information Criterion into account to assess a better model of fit. Results: The results demonstrated an association between fear-avoidance and pain intensity that differed for men and women. In men (n = 13), no association between these variables was found (−0.04 (95% CI: −0.14, 0.06) with a p-value of 0.48), whereas in women (n = 32), an increase in fear-avoidance was associated with a (slight) increase in pain intensity (0.18 (95% CI 0.06, 0.30) with a p-value of 0.003). Affect did not confound the above-mentioned findings. Conclusion: Our data supports previous research highlighting the importance of sex differences in pain experience. These findings may be relevant for clinicians to consider more personalized (i.e., gender specific) pain management in chronic pain patients.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2077-0383</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2077-0383</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/jcm11195515</identifier><identifier>PMID: 36233383</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Basel: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Affect (Psychology) ; Anxiety ; Chronic pain ; Clinical medicine ; Cohort analysis ; Consent ; Gender differences ; Mental depression ; Mental disorders ; Participation ; Patients ; Questionnaires ; Smartphones ; Variables ; Women</subject><ispartof>Journal of clinical medicine, 2022-09, Vol.11 (19), p.5515</ispartof><rights>2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2022 by the authors. 2022</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c386t-3daf02ea9d173a7068e14bea7b4a1b005863f00f6ff0134570b895b33f8111ab3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c386t-3daf02ea9d173a7068e14bea7b4a1b005863f00f6ff0134570b895b33f8111ab3</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-2070-2117</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9572454/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9572454/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,27924,27925,53791,53793</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Waardenburg, Sophie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Visseren, Lars</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van Daal, Elke</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brouwer, Brigitte</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van Zundert, Jan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van Kuijk, Sander M. J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lousberg, Richel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jongen, Ellen M. M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Leue, Carsten</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Meij, Nelleke</creatorcontrib><title>Do Men and Women Have a Different Association between Fear-Avoidance and Pain Intensity in Chronic Pain? An Experience Sampling Method Cohort-Study</title><title>Journal of clinical medicine</title><description>Background: Fear-avoidance is one of the factors associated with chronic pain. However, it remains unclear whether the association between fear-avoidance and pain depends on sex. The present study aimed to investigate whether the association between fear-avoidance and pain intensity differed between men and women in chronic pain patients. Additionally, the potential confounding effect of affective experiences on the association between fear-avoidance and pain intensity was analyzed. Method: This cohort study included hospital referred chronic pain patients (n = 45). Short momentary assessment questions according to the experience sampling method (ESM) were used to repeatedly assess patients’ pain intensity, level of fear-avoidance and positive as well as negative affect during their daily life. Linear mixed-effects models were applied in the statistical analysis. Unadjusted and adjusted models were made, in which the latter corrected for statistically significant affective experiences and baseline variables, taking the Aikake Information Criterion into account to assess a better model of fit. Results: The results demonstrated an association between fear-avoidance and pain intensity that differed for men and women. In men (n = 13), no association between these variables was found (−0.04 (95% CI: −0.14, 0.06) with a p-value of 0.48), whereas in women (n = 32), an increase in fear-avoidance was associated with a (slight) increase in pain intensity (0.18 (95% CI 0.06, 0.30) with a p-value of 0.003). Affect did not confound the above-mentioned findings. Conclusion: Our data supports previous research highlighting the importance of sex differences in pain experience. These findings may be relevant for clinicians to consider more personalized (i.e., gender specific) pain management in chronic pain patients.</description><subject>Affect (Psychology)</subject><subject>Anxiety</subject><subject>Chronic pain</subject><subject>Clinical medicine</subject><subject>Cohort analysis</subject><subject>Consent</subject><subject>Gender differences</subject><subject>Mental depression</subject><subject>Mental disorders</subject><subject>Participation</subject><subject>Patients</subject><subject>Questionnaires</subject><subject>Smartphones</subject><subject>Variables</subject><subject>Women</subject><issn>2077-0383</issn><issn>2077-0383</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><recordid>eNpdkc9u1DAQxi0EolXpiRewxAUJBfwnTpwLaLVtaaUikAriGE2ScderxN7azrb7HLww3rZCLb54Rt9vvvF4CHnL2UcpG_Zp3U-c80Yprl6QQ8HqumBSy5dP4gNyHOOa5aN1KXj9mhzISkiZpUPy58TTb-gouIH-9lOOzmGLFOiJNQYDukQXMfreQrLe0Q7TLWboDCEUi623A7ge76t_gHX0wiV00aYdzclyFbyz_b3yhS4cPb3bYLC4r7iCaTNad52bp5Uf6NKvfEjFVZqH3RvyysAY8fjxPiK_zk5_Ls-Ly-9fL5aLy6KXukqFHMAwgdAMvJZQs0ojLzuEuiuBd4wpXUnDmKmMYVyWqmadblQnpdH5y6CTR-Tzg-9m7iYc-jxsgLHdBDtB2LUebPtccXbVXvtt26halKrMBu8fDYK_mTGmdrKxx3EEh36OraiF4k1u2mT03X_o2s_B5fH2VCkqxYTO1IcHqg8-xoDm32M4a_f7bp_sW_4FftqcgQ</recordid><startdate>20220920</startdate><enddate>20220920</enddate><creator>Waardenburg, Sophie</creator><creator>Visseren, Lars</creator><creator>van Daal, Elke</creator><creator>Brouwer, Brigitte</creator><creator>van Zundert, Jan</creator><creator>van Kuijk, Sander M. J.</creator><creator>Lousberg, Richel</creator><creator>Jongen, Ellen M. M.</creator><creator>Leue, Carsten</creator><creator>de Meij, Nelleke</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><general>MDPI</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2070-2117</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20220920</creationdate><title>Do Men and Women Have a Different Association between Fear-Avoidance and Pain Intensity in Chronic Pain? An Experience Sampling Method Cohort-Study</title><author>Waardenburg, Sophie ; Visseren, Lars ; van Daal, Elke ; Brouwer, Brigitte ; van Zundert, Jan ; van Kuijk, Sander M. J. ; Lousberg, Richel ; Jongen, Ellen M. M. ; Leue, Carsten ; de Meij, Nelleke</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c386t-3daf02ea9d173a7068e14bea7b4a1b005863f00f6ff0134570b895b33f8111ab3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Affect (Psychology)</topic><topic>Anxiety</topic><topic>Chronic pain</topic><topic>Clinical medicine</topic><topic>Cohort analysis</topic><topic>Consent</topic><topic>Gender differences</topic><topic>Mental depression</topic><topic>Mental disorders</topic><topic>Participation</topic><topic>Patients</topic><topic>Questionnaires</topic><topic>Smartphones</topic><topic>Variables</topic><topic>Women</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Waardenburg, Sophie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Visseren, Lars</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van Daal, Elke</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brouwer, Brigitte</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van Zundert, Jan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van Kuijk, Sander M. J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lousberg, Richel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jongen, Ellen M. M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Leue, Carsten</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Meij, Nelleke</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Journal of clinical medicine</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Waardenburg, Sophie</au><au>Visseren, Lars</au><au>van Daal, Elke</au><au>Brouwer, Brigitte</au><au>van Zundert, Jan</au><au>van Kuijk, Sander M. J.</au><au>Lousberg, Richel</au><au>Jongen, Ellen M. M.</au><au>Leue, Carsten</au><au>de Meij, Nelleke</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Do Men and Women Have a Different Association between Fear-Avoidance and Pain Intensity in Chronic Pain? An Experience Sampling Method Cohort-Study</atitle><jtitle>Journal of clinical medicine</jtitle><date>2022-09-20</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>11</volume><issue>19</issue><spage>5515</spage><pages>5515-</pages><issn>2077-0383</issn><eissn>2077-0383</eissn><abstract>Background: Fear-avoidance is one of the factors associated with chronic pain. However, it remains unclear whether the association between fear-avoidance and pain depends on sex. The present study aimed to investigate whether the association between fear-avoidance and pain intensity differed between men and women in chronic pain patients. Additionally, the potential confounding effect of affective experiences on the association between fear-avoidance and pain intensity was analyzed. Method: This cohort study included hospital referred chronic pain patients (n = 45). Short momentary assessment questions according to the experience sampling method (ESM) were used to repeatedly assess patients’ pain intensity, level of fear-avoidance and positive as well as negative affect during their daily life. Linear mixed-effects models were applied in the statistical analysis. Unadjusted and adjusted models were made, in which the latter corrected for statistically significant affective experiences and baseline variables, taking the Aikake Information Criterion into account to assess a better model of fit. Results: The results demonstrated an association between fear-avoidance and pain intensity that differed for men and women. In men (n = 13), no association between these variables was found (−0.04 (95% CI: −0.14, 0.06) with a p-value of 0.48), whereas in women (n = 32), an increase in fear-avoidance was associated with a (slight) increase in pain intensity (0.18 (95% CI 0.06, 0.30) with a p-value of 0.003). Affect did not confound the above-mentioned findings. Conclusion: Our data supports previous research highlighting the importance of sex differences in pain experience. These findings may be relevant for clinicians to consider more personalized (i.e., gender specific) pain management in chronic pain patients.</abstract><cop>Basel</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><pmid>36233383</pmid><doi>10.3390/jcm11195515</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2070-2117</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Affect (Psychology) Anxiety Chronic pain Clinical medicine Cohort analysis Consent Gender differences Mental depression Mental disorders Participation Patients Questionnaires Smartphones Variables Women |
title | Do Men and Women Have a Different Association between Fear-Avoidance and Pain Intensity in Chronic Pain? An Experience Sampling Method Cohort-Study |
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