A Healthful Plant-Based Diet Is Associated with Lower Odds of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
There is little evidence for the associations of the overall plant-based diet index (PDI), the healthful PDI (hPDI), and the unhealthful PDI (uPDI) with the odds of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We present a nationwide cross-sectional study among US adults aged 18 years or older. Diet wa...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Nutrients 2022-10, Vol.14 (19), p.4099 |
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| creator | Li, Xiude Peng, Zhaohong Li, Meiling Zeng, Xueke Li, Haowei Zhu, Yu Chen, Hui Hu, Anla Zhao, Qihong Zhang, Zhuang Wang, Hua Yuan, Changzheng Yang, Wanshui |
| description | There is little evidence for the associations of the overall plant-based diet index (PDI), the healthful PDI (hPDI), and the unhealthful PDI (uPDI) with the odds of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We present a nationwide cross-sectional study among US adults aged 18 years or older. Diet was assessed by 24-h recalls. Overall PDI, hPDI, and uPDI were constructed based on 18 food groups. NAFLD was defined based on controlled attenuation parameter derived via transient elastography (TE) in the absence of other causes of chronic liver disease. Among 3900 participants with eligible TE examination, 1686 were diagnosed with NAFLD. The overall PDI was not associated with NAFLD prevalence (comparing extreme tertiles of PDI score OR = 1.03, 95% CI 0.76, 1.38, ptrend = 0.609). However, hPDI was inversely (OR = 0.50, 95% CI 0.35, 0.72, ptrend < 0.001), while uPDI was positively associated with odds of NAFLD (OR = 1.37, 95% CI 0.93, 2.02, ptrend = 0.009) in the multivariable-adjusted models without body mass index (BMI). After further adjustment for BMI, only the association of hPDI with NAFLD remained statistically significant (OR = 0.64, 95% CI 0.46, 0.87, ptrend = 0.006). Such inverse association appeared stronger in non-Hispanic whites, but not in other racial/ethnic groups (pinteraction = 0.009). Our findings suggest that a plant-based diet rich in healthy plant foods might be associated with lower odds of NAFLD, particularly among US non-Hispanic whites. Clinical trials and cohort studies to validate our findings are needed. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/nu14194099 |
| format | Article |
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We present a nationwide cross-sectional study among US adults aged 18 years or older. Diet was assessed by 24-h recalls. Overall PDI, hPDI, and uPDI were constructed based on 18 food groups. NAFLD was defined based on controlled attenuation parameter derived via transient elastography (TE) in the absence of other causes of chronic liver disease. Among 3900 participants with eligible TE examination, 1686 were diagnosed with NAFLD. The overall PDI was not associated with NAFLD prevalence (comparing extreme tertiles of PDI score OR = 1.03, 95% CI 0.76, 1.38, ptrend = 0.609). However, hPDI was inversely (OR = 0.50, 95% CI 0.35, 0.72, ptrend < 0.001), while uPDI was positively associated with odds of NAFLD (OR = 1.37, 95% CI 0.93, 2.02, ptrend = 0.009) in the multivariable-adjusted models without body mass index (BMI). After further adjustment for BMI, only the association of hPDI with NAFLD remained statistically significant (OR = 0.64, 95% CI 0.46, 0.87, ptrend = 0.006). Such inverse association appeared stronger in non-Hispanic whites, but not in other racial/ethnic groups (pinteraction = 0.009). Our findings suggest that a plant-based diet rich in healthy plant foods might be associated with lower odds of NAFLD, particularly among US non-Hispanic whites. Clinical trials and cohort studies to validate our findings are needed.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2072-6643</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2072-6643</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/nu14194099</identifier><identifier>PMID: 36235752</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Adult ; Alcohol ; Body mass ; Body mass index ; Body size ; Clinical trials ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Diabetes ; Diet ; Diet - adverse effects ; Diet, Healthy ; Diet, Vegetarian ; Drug approval ; Family income ; Fasting ; Fatty liver ; Food groups ; Glucose ; Health aspects ; Health care ; Hepatitis B ; Hepatitis C ; Humans ; Liver ; Liver diseases ; Medical research ; Medicine, Experimental ; Minority & ethnic groups ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - epidemiology ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - etiology ; Nutrition research ; Plant-based foods ; Plants ; Population ; Prevention ; Statistical analysis ; Vegetarianism ; Womens health</subject><ispartof>Nutrients, 2022-10, Vol.14 (19), p.4099</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2022 MDPI AG</rights><rights>2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2022 by the authors. 2022</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c473t-a3bd07fd6fe2ec0456205f897594a83780696c45e67b056cf684d063a36f48c83</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c473t-a3bd07fd6fe2ec0456205f897594a83780696c45e67b056cf684d063a36f48c83</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-7365-2689 ; 0000-0002-7894-5691 ; 0000-0002-2605-5697</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9572274/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9572274/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,881,27901,27902,53766,53768</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36235752$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Li, Xiude</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Peng, Zhaohong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Meiling</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zeng, Xueke</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Haowei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhu, Yu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Hui</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hu, Anla</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhao, Qihong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Zhuang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Hua</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yuan, Changzheng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yang, Wanshui</creatorcontrib><title>A Healthful Plant-Based Diet Is Associated with Lower Odds of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease</title><title>Nutrients</title><addtitle>Nutrients</addtitle><description>There is little evidence for the associations of the overall plant-based diet index (PDI), the healthful PDI (hPDI), and the unhealthful PDI (uPDI) with the odds of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We present a nationwide cross-sectional study among US adults aged 18 years or older. Diet was assessed by 24-h recalls. Overall PDI, hPDI, and uPDI were constructed based on 18 food groups. NAFLD was defined based on controlled attenuation parameter derived via transient elastography (TE) in the absence of other causes of chronic liver disease. Among 3900 participants with eligible TE examination, 1686 were diagnosed with NAFLD. The overall PDI was not associated with NAFLD prevalence (comparing extreme tertiles of PDI score OR = 1.03, 95% CI 0.76, 1.38, ptrend = 0.609). However, hPDI was inversely (OR = 0.50, 95% CI 0.35, 0.72, ptrend < 0.001), while uPDI was positively associated with odds of NAFLD (OR = 1.37, 95% CI 0.93, 2.02, ptrend = 0.009) in the multivariable-adjusted models without body mass index (BMI). After further adjustment for BMI, only the association of hPDI with NAFLD remained statistically significant (OR = 0.64, 95% CI 0.46, 0.87, ptrend = 0.006). Such inverse association appeared stronger in non-Hispanic whites, but not in other racial/ethnic groups (pinteraction = 0.009). Our findings suggest that a plant-based diet rich in healthy plant foods might be associated with lower odds of NAFLD, particularly among US non-Hispanic whites. 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Peng, Zhaohong ; Li, Meiling ; Zeng, Xueke ; Li, Haowei ; Zhu, Yu ; Chen, Hui ; Hu, Anla ; Zhao, Qihong ; Zhang, Zhuang ; Wang, Hua ; Yuan, Changzheng ; Yang, Wanshui</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c473t-a3bd07fd6fe2ec0456205f897594a83780696c45e67b056cf684d063a36f48c83</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Alcohol</topic><topic>Body mass</topic><topic>Body mass index</topic><topic>Body size</topic><topic>Clinical trials</topic><topic>Cross-Sectional Studies</topic><topic>Diabetes</topic><topic>Diet</topic><topic>Diet - adverse effects</topic><topic>Diet, Healthy</topic><topic>Diet, Vegetarian</topic><topic>Drug approval</topic><topic>Family income</topic><topic>Fasting</topic><topic>Fatty liver</topic><topic>Food groups</topic><topic>Glucose</topic><topic>Health aspects</topic><topic>Health care</topic><topic>Hepatitis B</topic><topic>Hepatitis C</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Liver</topic><topic>Liver diseases</topic><topic>Medical research</topic><topic>Medicine, Experimental</topic><topic>Minority & ethnic groups</topic><topic>Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - epidemiology</topic><topic>Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - etiology</topic><topic>Nutrition research</topic><topic>Plant-based foods</topic><topic>Plants</topic><topic>Population</topic><topic>Prevention</topic><topic>Statistical analysis</topic><topic>Vegetarianism</topic><topic>Womens health</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Li, Xiude</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Peng, Zhaohong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Meiling</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zeng, Xueke</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Haowei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhu, Yu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Hui</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hu, Anla</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhao, Qihong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Zhuang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Hua</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yuan, Changzheng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yang, Wanshui</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Physical Education Index</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Nutrients</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Li, Xiude</au><au>Peng, Zhaohong</au><au>Li, Meiling</au><au>Zeng, Xueke</au><au>Li, Haowei</au><au>Zhu, Yu</au><au>Chen, Hui</au><au>Hu, Anla</au><au>Zhao, Qihong</au><au>Zhang, Zhuang</au><au>Wang, Hua</au><au>Yuan, Changzheng</au><au>Yang, Wanshui</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>A Healthful Plant-Based Diet Is Associated with Lower Odds of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease</atitle><jtitle>Nutrients</jtitle><addtitle>Nutrients</addtitle><date>2022-10-02</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>14</volume><issue>19</issue><spage>4099</spage><pages>4099-</pages><issn>2072-6643</issn><eissn>2072-6643</eissn><abstract>There is little evidence for the associations of the overall plant-based diet index (PDI), the healthful PDI (hPDI), and the unhealthful PDI (uPDI) with the odds of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We present a nationwide cross-sectional study among US adults aged 18 years or older. Diet was assessed by 24-h recalls. Overall PDI, hPDI, and uPDI were constructed based on 18 food groups. NAFLD was defined based on controlled attenuation parameter derived via transient elastography (TE) in the absence of other causes of chronic liver disease. Among 3900 participants with eligible TE examination, 1686 were diagnosed with NAFLD. The overall PDI was not associated with NAFLD prevalence (comparing extreme tertiles of PDI score OR = 1.03, 95% CI 0.76, 1.38, ptrend = 0.609). However, hPDI was inversely (OR = 0.50, 95% CI 0.35, 0.72, ptrend < 0.001), while uPDI was positively associated with odds of NAFLD (OR = 1.37, 95% CI 0.93, 2.02, ptrend = 0.009) in the multivariable-adjusted models without body mass index (BMI). After further adjustment for BMI, only the association of hPDI with NAFLD remained statistically significant (OR = 0.64, 95% CI 0.46, 0.87, ptrend = 0.006). Such inverse association appeared stronger in non-Hispanic whites, but not in other racial/ethnic groups (pinteraction = 0.009). Our findings suggest that a plant-based diet rich in healthy plant foods might be associated with lower odds of NAFLD, particularly among US non-Hispanic whites. Clinical trials and cohort studies to validate our findings are needed.</abstract><cop>Switzerland</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><pmid>36235752</pmid><doi>10.3390/nu14194099</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7365-2689</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7894-5691</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2605-5697</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adult Alcohol Body mass Body mass index Body size Clinical trials Cross-Sectional Studies Diabetes Diet Diet - adverse effects Diet, Healthy Diet, Vegetarian Drug approval Family income Fasting Fatty liver Food groups Glucose Health aspects Health care Hepatitis B Hepatitis C Humans Liver Liver diseases Medical research Medicine, Experimental Minority & ethnic groups Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - epidemiology Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - etiology Nutrition research Plant-based foods Plants Population Prevention Statistical analysis Vegetarianism Womens health |
| title | A Healthful Plant-Based Diet Is Associated with Lower Odds of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease |
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