Antibiotic Resistance during COVID-19: A Systematic Review
One of the public health issues faced worldwide is antibiotic resistance (AR). During the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, AR has increased. Since some studies have stated AR has increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, and others have stated otherwise, this study aimed to explore this impact....
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| Veröffentlicht in: | International journal of environmental research and public health 2022-09, Vol.19 (19), p.11931 |
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| creator | Sulayyim, Hadi Jaber Al Ismail, Rohani Hamid, Abdullah Al Ghafar, Noraini Abdul |
| description | One of the public health issues faced worldwide is antibiotic resistance (AR). During the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, AR has increased. Since some studies have stated AR has increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, and others have stated otherwise, this study aimed to explore this impact. Seven databases-PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Cochrane, Web of Science, and CINAHL-were searched using related keywords to identify studies relevant to AR during COVID-19 published from December 2019 to May 2022, according to PRISMA guidelines. Twenty-three studies were included in this review, and the evidence showed that AR has increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. The most commonly reported resistant Gram-negative bacteria was
, followed by
,
, and
.
and
were highly resistant to tested antibiotics compared with
and
. Moreover,
showed high resistance to colistin. Commonly reported Gram-positive bacteria were
and
. The resistance of
to ampicillin, erythromycin, and Ciprofloxacin was high. Self-antibiotic medication, empirical antibiotic administration, and antibiotics prescribed by general practitioners were the risk factors of high levels of AR during COVID-19. Antibiotics' prescription should be strictly implemented, relying on the Antimicrobial Stewardship Program (ASP) and guidelines from the World Health Organization (WHO) or Ministry of Health (MOH). |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/ijerph191911931 |
| format | Article |
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, followed by
,
, and
.
and
were highly resistant to tested antibiotics compared with
and
. Moreover,
showed high resistance to colistin. Commonly reported Gram-positive bacteria were
and
. The resistance of
to ampicillin, erythromycin, and Ciprofloxacin was high. Self-antibiotic medication, empirical antibiotic administration, and antibiotics prescribed by general practitioners were the risk factors of high levels of AR during COVID-19. Antibiotics' prescription should be strictly implemented, relying on the Antimicrobial Stewardship Program (ASP) and guidelines from the World Health Organization (WHO) or Ministry of Health (MOH).</description><identifier>ISSN: 1660-4601</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1661-7827</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1660-4601</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191911931</identifier><identifier>PMID: 36231256</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Ampicillin ; Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology ; Anti-Bacterial Agents - therapeutic use ; Antibiotic resistance ; Antibiotics ; Antiinfectives and antibacterials ; Bacteria ; Bacterial infections ; Ciprofloxacin ; Colistin ; Coronaviruses ; COVID-19 ; COVID-19 Drug Treatment ; Drug resistance ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Erythromycin ; Escherichia coli ; Gram-negative bacteria ; Gram-positive bacteria ; Guidelines ; High resistance ; Humans ; Klebsiella ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa ; Public health ; Review ; Risk analysis ; Risk factors ; Systematic review</subject><ispartof>International journal of environmental research and public health, 2022-09, Vol.19 (19), p.11931</ispartof><rights>2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2022 by the authors. 2022</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c421t-e5d2c5fd0074af77f696475d9ad882904a174353cec33e32cfdc028b3e9635933</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c421t-e5d2c5fd0074af77f696475d9ad882904a174353cec33e32cfdc028b3e9635933</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-0307-2777 ; 0000-0001-7662-5339</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9565540/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9565540/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,881,27901,27902,53766,53768</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36231256$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Sulayyim, Hadi Jaber Al</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ismail, Rohani</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hamid, Abdullah Al</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ghafar, Noraini Abdul</creatorcontrib><title>Antibiotic Resistance during COVID-19: A Systematic Review</title><title>International journal of environmental research and public health</title><addtitle>Int J Environ Res Public Health</addtitle><description>One of the public health issues faced worldwide is antibiotic resistance (AR). During the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, AR has increased. Since some studies have stated AR has increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, and others have stated otherwise, this study aimed to explore this impact. Seven databases-PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Cochrane, Web of Science, and CINAHL-were searched using related keywords to identify studies relevant to AR during COVID-19 published from December 2019 to May 2022, according to PRISMA guidelines. Twenty-three studies were included in this review, and the evidence showed that AR has increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. The most commonly reported resistant Gram-negative bacteria was
, followed by
,
, and
.
and
were highly resistant to tested antibiotics compared with
and
. Moreover,
showed high resistance to colistin. Commonly reported Gram-positive bacteria were
and
. The resistance of
to ampicillin, erythromycin, and Ciprofloxacin was high. Self-antibiotic medication, empirical antibiotic administration, and antibiotics prescribed by general practitioners were the risk factors of high levels of AR during COVID-19. Antibiotics' prescription should be strictly implemented, relying on the Antimicrobial Stewardship Program (ASP) and guidelines from the World Health Organization (WHO) or Ministry of Health (MOH).</description><subject>Ampicillin</subject><subject>Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology</subject><subject>Anti-Bacterial Agents - therapeutic use</subject><subject>Antibiotic resistance</subject><subject>Antibiotics</subject><subject>Antiinfectives and antibacterials</subject><subject>Bacteria</subject><subject>Bacterial infections</subject><subject>Ciprofloxacin</subject><subject>Colistin</subject><subject>Coronaviruses</subject><subject>COVID-19</subject><subject>COVID-19 Drug Treatment</subject><subject>Drug resistance</subject><subject>Drug Resistance, Bacterial</subject><subject>Erythromycin</subject><subject>Escherichia coli</subject><subject>Gram-negative bacteria</subject><subject>Gram-positive bacteria</subject><subject>Guidelines</subject><subject>High resistance</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Klebsiella</subject><subject>Microbial Sensitivity Tests</subject><subject>Pandemics</subject><subject>Pneumonia</subject><subject>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</subject><subject>Public health</subject><subject>Review</subject><subject>Risk analysis</subject><subject>Risk factors</subject><subject>Systematic review</subject><issn>1660-4601</issn><issn>1661-7827</issn><issn>1660-4601</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNpdkctrAjEQxkNpqdb23FtZ6KWXrXln46Eg9iUIQl_XELNZjbi7Ntm1-N93RStW5jAD85uPmfkAuEbwnhAJu25u_XKGZBNIEnQC2ohzGFMO0elB3QIXIcwhJAnl8hy0CMcEYcbboNcvKjdxZeVM9GaDC5UujI3S2rtiGg3GX8PHGMle1I_e16Gyud6CK2d_LsFZphfBXu1yB3w-P30MXuPR-GU46I9iQzGqYstSbFiWQiiozoTIuORUsFTqNEmwhFQjQQkjxhpCLMEmSw3EyYRYyQmThHTAw1Z3WU9ymxpbVF4v1NK7XPu1KrVT_zuFm6lpuVKSccYobATudgK-_K5tqFTugrGLhS5sWQeFBWbN92gTHXB7hM7L2hfNeRuKYpoIsaG6W8r4MgRvs_0yCKqNL-rIl2bi5vCGPf9nBPkF3mSIOA</recordid><startdate>20220921</startdate><enddate>20220921</enddate><creator>Sulayyim, Hadi Jaber Al</creator><creator>Ismail, Rohani</creator><creator>Hamid, Abdullah Al</creator><creator>Ghafar, Noraini Abdul</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><general>MDPI</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>COVID</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0307-2777</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7662-5339</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20220921</creationdate><title>Antibiotic Resistance during COVID-19: A Systematic Review</title><author>Sulayyim, Hadi Jaber Al ; Ismail, Rohani ; Hamid, Abdullah Al ; Ghafar, Noraini Abdul</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c421t-e5d2c5fd0074af77f696475d9ad882904a174353cec33e32cfdc028b3e9635933</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Ampicillin</topic><topic>Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology</topic><topic>Anti-Bacterial Agents - therapeutic use</topic><topic>Antibiotic resistance</topic><topic>Antibiotics</topic><topic>Antiinfectives and antibacterials</topic><topic>Bacteria</topic><topic>Bacterial infections</topic><topic>Ciprofloxacin</topic><topic>Colistin</topic><topic>Coronaviruses</topic><topic>COVID-19</topic><topic>COVID-19 Drug Treatment</topic><topic>Drug resistance</topic><topic>Drug Resistance, Bacterial</topic><topic>Erythromycin</topic><topic>Escherichia coli</topic><topic>Gram-negative bacteria</topic><topic>Gram-positive bacteria</topic><topic>Guidelines</topic><topic>High resistance</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Klebsiella</topic><topic>Microbial Sensitivity Tests</topic><topic>Pandemics</topic><topic>Pneumonia</topic><topic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</topic><topic>Public health</topic><topic>Review</topic><topic>Risk analysis</topic><topic>Risk factors</topic><topic>Systematic review</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Sulayyim, Hadi Jaber Al</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ismail, Rohani</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hamid, Abdullah Al</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ghafar, Noraini Abdul</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>Coronavirus Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content (ProQuest)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>International journal of environmental research and public health</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Sulayyim, Hadi Jaber Al</au><au>Ismail, Rohani</au><au>Hamid, Abdullah Al</au><au>Ghafar, Noraini Abdul</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Antibiotic Resistance during COVID-19: A Systematic Review</atitle><jtitle>International journal of environmental research and public health</jtitle><addtitle>Int J Environ Res Public Health</addtitle><date>2022-09-21</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>19</volume><issue>19</issue><spage>11931</spage><pages>11931-</pages><issn>1660-4601</issn><issn>1661-7827</issn><eissn>1660-4601</eissn><abstract>One of the public health issues faced worldwide is antibiotic resistance (AR). During the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, AR has increased. Since some studies have stated AR has increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, and others have stated otherwise, this study aimed to explore this impact. Seven databases-PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Cochrane, Web of Science, and CINAHL-were searched using related keywords to identify studies relevant to AR during COVID-19 published from December 2019 to May 2022, according to PRISMA guidelines. Twenty-three studies were included in this review, and the evidence showed that AR has increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. The most commonly reported resistant Gram-negative bacteria was
, followed by
,
, and
.
and
were highly resistant to tested antibiotics compared with
and
. Moreover,
showed high resistance to colistin. Commonly reported Gram-positive bacteria were
and
. The resistance of
to ampicillin, erythromycin, and Ciprofloxacin was high. Self-antibiotic medication, empirical antibiotic administration, and antibiotics prescribed by general practitioners were the risk factors of high levels of AR during COVID-19. Antibiotics' prescription should be strictly implemented, relying on the Antimicrobial Stewardship Program (ASP) and guidelines from the World Health Organization (WHO) or Ministry of Health (MOH).</abstract><cop>Switzerland</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><pmid>36231256</pmid><doi>10.3390/ijerph191911931</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0307-2777</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7662-5339</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Ampicillin Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology Anti-Bacterial Agents - therapeutic use Antibiotic resistance Antibiotics Antiinfectives and antibacterials Bacteria Bacterial infections Ciprofloxacin Colistin Coronaviruses COVID-19 COVID-19 Drug Treatment Drug resistance Drug Resistance, Bacterial Erythromycin Escherichia coli Gram-negative bacteria Gram-positive bacteria Guidelines High resistance Humans Klebsiella Microbial Sensitivity Tests Pandemics Pneumonia Pseudomonas aeruginosa Public health Review Risk analysis Risk factors Systematic review |
| title | Antibiotic Resistance during COVID-19: A Systematic Review |
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