Use of Opuntia ficus-indica Fruit Peel as a Novel Source of Mucilage with Coagulant Physicochemical/Molecular Characteristics
The peels obtained as a byproduct from the processing of fruits (prickly pears) of the Cactaceae family are a rich source of mucilage, a hydrocolloid biopolymer that may have potential application in water/wastewater treatment as a natural coagulant. In this study, the structural (UPLC-QTOF-MS, FTIR...
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description | The peels obtained as a byproduct from the processing of fruits (prickly pears) of the Cactaceae family are a rich source of mucilage, a hydrocolloid biopolymer that may have potential application in water/wastewater treatment as a natural coagulant. In this study, the structural (UPLC-QTOF-MS, FTIR, Raman, NMR, XRD, and zeta potential), morphological (SEM), and thermal (DSC/TGA) characterizations of the mucilage extracted from the peels of Opuntia ficus-indica (OFI) fruits were carried out. UPLC-QTOF-MS results revealed the presence of a branched polymer with an average molecular weight of 0.44 KDa for this mucilage in aqua media. The NMR spectra of mucilage in DMSO-d6 indicated that it seemed well-suited as a coagulant with its typical oligosaccharide structure. FTIR studies confirmed the presence of hydroxyl and carboxyl functional groups in the mucilage, indicating its polyelectrolyte nature that could provide coagulating properties through binding and adsorption mechanisms. Likewise, the zeta potential of −23.63 ± 0.55 mV showed an anionic nature of the mucilage. Power XRD technique evidenced the presence of crystalline poly(glycine-β-alanine), glutamic acid, and syn-whewellite. SEM images revealed an irregular and amorphous morphology with cracks, which are suitable characteristics for adsorption mechanisms. The mucilage exhibited two endothermic transitions, with a decomposition temperature in uronic acid of 423.10 °C. These findings revealed that mucilage obtained from OFI fruit peels has molecular and physicochemical characteristics that are suited to its possible application as a natural coagulant in water/wastewater treatments. |
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In this study, the structural (UPLC-QTOF-MS, FTIR, Raman, NMR, XRD, and zeta potential), morphological (SEM), and thermal (DSC/TGA) characterizations of the mucilage extracted from the peels of Opuntia ficus-indica (OFI) fruits were carried out. UPLC-QTOF-MS results revealed the presence of a branched polymer with an average molecular weight of 0.44 KDa for this mucilage in aqua media. The NMR spectra of mucilage in DMSO-d6 indicated that it seemed well-suited as a coagulant with its typical oligosaccharide structure. FTIR studies confirmed the presence of hydroxyl and carboxyl functional groups in the mucilage, indicating its polyelectrolyte nature that could provide coagulating properties through binding and adsorption mechanisms. Likewise, the zeta potential of −23.63 ± 0.55 mV showed an anionic nature of the mucilage. Power XRD technique evidenced the presence of crystalline poly(glycine-β-alanine), glutamic acid, and syn-whewellite. SEM images revealed an irregular and amorphous morphology with cracks, which are suitable characteristics for adsorption mechanisms. The mucilage exhibited two endothermic transitions, with a decomposition temperature in uronic acid of 423.10 °C. These findings revealed that mucilage obtained from OFI fruit peels has molecular and physicochemical characteristics that are suited to its possible application as a natural coagulant in water/wastewater treatments.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2073-4360</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2073-4360</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/polym14183832</identifier><identifier>PMID: 36145978</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Basel: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Adsorption ; Alanine ; Biopolymers ; Chemical oxygen demand ; Coagulants ; Ethanol ; Fruits ; Functional groups ; Gas flow ; Glutamic acid ; Glycine ; Molecular weight ; Morphology ; NMR ; Nuclear magnetic resonance ; Oligosaccharides ; Polyelectrolytes ; Prickly pears ; Spectrum analysis ; Wastewater treatment ; Water treatment ; Zeta potential</subject><ispartof>Polymers, 2022-09, Vol.14 (18), p.3832</ispartof><rights>2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). 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In this study, the structural (UPLC-QTOF-MS, FTIR, Raman, NMR, XRD, and zeta potential), morphological (SEM), and thermal (DSC/TGA) characterizations of the mucilage extracted from the peels of Opuntia ficus-indica (OFI) fruits were carried out. UPLC-QTOF-MS results revealed the presence of a branched polymer with an average molecular weight of 0.44 KDa for this mucilage in aqua media. The NMR spectra of mucilage in DMSO-d6 indicated that it seemed well-suited as a coagulant with its typical oligosaccharide structure. FTIR studies confirmed the presence of hydroxyl and carboxyl functional groups in the mucilage, indicating its polyelectrolyte nature that could provide coagulating properties through binding and adsorption mechanisms. Likewise, the zeta potential of −23.63 ± 0.55 mV showed an anionic nature of the mucilage. Power XRD technique evidenced the presence of crystalline poly(glycine-β-alanine), glutamic acid, and syn-whewellite. SEM images revealed an irregular and amorphous morphology with cracks, which are suitable characteristics for adsorption mechanisms. The mucilage exhibited two endothermic transitions, with a decomposition temperature in uronic acid of 423.10 °C. These findings revealed that mucilage obtained from OFI fruit peels has molecular and physicochemical characteristics that are suited to its possible application as a natural coagulant in water/wastewater treatments.</description><subject>Adsorption</subject><subject>Alanine</subject><subject>Biopolymers</subject><subject>Chemical oxygen demand</subject><subject>Coagulants</subject><subject>Ethanol</subject><subject>Fruits</subject><subject>Functional groups</subject><subject>Gas flow</subject><subject>Glutamic acid</subject><subject>Glycine</subject><subject>Molecular weight</subject><subject>Morphology</subject><subject>NMR</subject><subject>Nuclear magnetic resonance</subject><subject>Oligosaccharides</subject><subject>Polyelectrolytes</subject><subject>Prickly pears</subject><subject>Spectrum analysis</subject><subject>Wastewater treatment</subject><subject>Water treatment</subject><subject>Zeta potential</subject><issn>2073-4360</issn><issn>2073-4360</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><recordid>eNpdkctr3DAQxkVoSUKaY--CXnpxo5cl-1IoS9ME8ii0OQtZO1oryNZWshL20P-92iaUJnOZge-bH_NA6D0lnzjvydk2ht1EBe14x9kBOmZE8UZwSd78Vx-h05zvSQ3RSknVITrikoq2V90x-n2XAUeHb7dlXrzBztuSGz-vvTX4PBW_4O8AAZuMDb6JD7X8EUuyf5uui_XBbAA_-mXEq2g2JZi5doy77G20I0wVE86uYwBbpYRXo0nGLpB8XrzN79BbZ0KG0-d8gu7Ov_5cXTRXt98uV1-uGst7tjSMCUoEadeSOQZD65QUQy-EAqqc5NQY4K1V0NF-kMy4QXVy6FoySCdMRy0_QZ-fuNsyTLC2MC_JBL1NfjJpp6Px-qUy-1Fv4oPuWyIYYRXw8RmQ4q8CedGTzxZCXRdiyZopqmSneKuq9cMr63092FzX27ukJEzSPbB5ctkUc07g_g1Did7_Vr_4Lf8Dh_-Xrg</recordid><startdate>20220914</startdate><enddate>20220914</enddate><creator>Otálora, Maria</creator><creator>Wilches-Torres, Andrea</creator><creator>Lara, Carlos</creator><creator>Cifuentes, Gabriel</creator><creator>Gómez Castaño, Jovanny</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><general>MDPI</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7980-2342</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0594-1363</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6654-1315</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5118-0174</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1475-5060</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20220914</creationdate><title>Use of Opuntia ficus-indica Fruit Peel as a Novel Source of Mucilage with Coagulant Physicochemical/Molecular Characteristics</title><author>Otálora, Maria ; Wilches-Torres, Andrea ; Lara, Carlos ; Cifuentes, Gabriel ; Gómez Castaño, Jovanny</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c392t-22410405d62f2eb5f764b9447e17f631aae35c7e819b62afb786b850b6f4a81c3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Adsorption</topic><topic>Alanine</topic><topic>Biopolymers</topic><topic>Chemical oxygen demand</topic><topic>Coagulants</topic><topic>Ethanol</topic><topic>Fruits</topic><topic>Functional groups</topic><topic>Gas flow</topic><topic>Glutamic acid</topic><topic>Glycine</topic><topic>Molecular weight</topic><topic>Morphology</topic><topic>NMR</topic><topic>Nuclear magnetic resonance</topic><topic>Oligosaccharides</topic><topic>Polyelectrolytes</topic><topic>Prickly pears</topic><topic>Spectrum analysis</topic><topic>Wastewater treatment</topic><topic>Water treatment</topic><topic>Zeta potential</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Otálora, Maria</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wilches-Torres, Andrea</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lara, Carlos</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cifuentes, Gabriel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gómez Castaño, Jovanny</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>Materials Science Database</collection><collection>Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Polymers</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Otálora, Maria</au><au>Wilches-Torres, Andrea</au><au>Lara, Carlos</au><au>Cifuentes, Gabriel</au><au>Gómez Castaño, Jovanny</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Use of Opuntia ficus-indica Fruit Peel as a Novel Source of Mucilage with Coagulant Physicochemical/Molecular Characteristics</atitle><jtitle>Polymers</jtitle><date>2022-09-14</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>14</volume><issue>18</issue><spage>3832</spage><pages>3832-</pages><issn>2073-4360</issn><eissn>2073-4360</eissn><abstract>The peels obtained as a byproduct from the processing of fruits (prickly pears) of the Cactaceae family are a rich source of mucilage, a hydrocolloid biopolymer that may have potential application in water/wastewater treatment as a natural coagulant. In this study, the structural (UPLC-QTOF-MS, FTIR, Raman, NMR, XRD, and zeta potential), morphological (SEM), and thermal (DSC/TGA) characterizations of the mucilage extracted from the peels of Opuntia ficus-indica (OFI) fruits were carried out. UPLC-QTOF-MS results revealed the presence of a branched polymer with an average molecular weight of 0.44 KDa for this mucilage in aqua media. The NMR spectra of mucilage in DMSO-d6 indicated that it seemed well-suited as a coagulant with its typical oligosaccharide structure. FTIR studies confirmed the presence of hydroxyl and carboxyl functional groups in the mucilage, indicating its polyelectrolyte nature that could provide coagulating properties through binding and adsorption mechanisms. Likewise, the zeta potential of −23.63 ± 0.55 mV showed an anionic nature of the mucilage. Power XRD technique evidenced the presence of crystalline poly(glycine-β-alanine), glutamic acid, and syn-whewellite. SEM images revealed an irregular and amorphous morphology with cracks, which are suitable characteristics for adsorption mechanisms. The mucilage exhibited two endothermic transitions, with a decomposition temperature in uronic acid of 423.10 °C. These findings revealed that mucilage obtained from OFI fruit peels has molecular and physicochemical characteristics that are suited to its possible application as a natural coagulant in water/wastewater treatments.</abstract><cop>Basel</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><pmid>36145978</pmid><doi>10.3390/polym14183832</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7980-2342</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0594-1363</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6654-1315</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5118-0174</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1475-5060</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Adsorption Alanine Biopolymers Chemical oxygen demand Coagulants Ethanol Fruits Functional groups Gas flow Glutamic acid Glycine Molecular weight Morphology NMR Nuclear magnetic resonance Oligosaccharides Polyelectrolytes Prickly pears Spectrum analysis Wastewater treatment Water treatment Zeta potential |
title | Use of Opuntia ficus-indica Fruit Peel as a Novel Source of Mucilage with Coagulant Physicochemical/Molecular Characteristics |
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