A Study to Evaluate Il1 And Il6 Gingival Crevicular Fluid Levels in Adolescents and Young Adults During the Early Phase of Orthodontic Tooth Movement

Background: Evaluating the biomarkers during orthodontic therapy allows us to monitor the effectiveness of the treatment, anticipate the future outcome, and also individualize the treatment according to the response of tissue to different force intensities. The crevicular fluid analysis is a valuable diagnostic method that can be used to examine noninvasive cellular metabolic activity. The goal of this study was to compare the levels of interleukin (IL)-1 and IL-6 in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of clinically healthy adolescents and young adults throughout orthodontic treatment. Methods: GCF was obtained from 20 orthodontic patients ranging in age from 11 to 28 years old. Measurements were done before (T0) and after (T24) the activation of distalization forces (T1). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) testing was used to look at IL-1 and IL-6. Two-sided t-tests were utilized as statistical testing. Results: The crevicular fluid rate (0.57 L at T0 vs. 0.95 L at T1, P = 0.001) and IL-1 levels (15.67 pg/L at T0 vs. 27.94 pg/L at T1, P = 0.009) both increased significantly between the two time periods. Only a third of the sites tested positive for IL-6. At T1, adolescents have a considerably higher amount of IL than young adults (42.96 pg/L vs. 17.93 pg/L, P = 0.006). Conclusion: Adolescent periodontal tissues are more susceptible to orthodontic forces than young adult periodontal tissues in the early stages of orthodontic treatment.