Nitazoxanide, Ivermectin, and Artemether effects against cryptosporidiosis in diabetic mice: parasitological, histopathological, and chemical studies
Human cryptosporidiosis is one of the most significant causes of water borne epidemics of diarrhea worldwide. It is extremely important in immunocompromised hosts and malnourished children as it could cause severe life-threatening diarrhea. Despite the global burden of the disease, there are only fe...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of parasitic diseases 2022-12, Vol.46 (4), p.1070-1079 |
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| creator | El-Ashkar, Ayman M. Mahmoud, Soheir Sabry, Hoda Guirguis, Nevine El Komi, Wafaa Ali, Eman Abu Shousha, Tarek Abdelmksoud, Hagar F. |
| description | Human cryptosporidiosis is one of the most significant causes of water borne epidemics of diarrhea worldwide. It is extremely important in immunocompromised hosts and malnourished children as it could cause severe life-threatening diarrhea. Despite the global burden of the disease, there are only few available therapies against cryptosporidiosis. Diabetes mellitus is a common metabolic disorder that impair both the innate and adaptive immune responses of the patient. This study aimed to test the effect of Nitazoxanide, Ivermectin, and Artemether against cryptosporidiosis in diabetic mice. Sixty white albino mice were categorized into 6 groups; 10 mice each:
GI:
normal non-infected non-treated (healthy- control),
GII-GVI
(diabetic groups),
GII:
non-infected non treated (diabetic control),
GIII:
infected non treated (infected control),
GIV:
infected and treated with Nitazoxanide (NTZ),
GV:
infected and treated with Ivermectin (IVC),
GVI:
infected and treated with Artemether (ART). Parasitological, histopathological, and chemical examinations were done to evaluate the effect of NTZ, IVC, and ART against cryptosporidiosis in diabetic mice. Parasitological examination revealed maximum reduction of oocyst shedding in GVI, while histopathological examination showed the least pathologic changes in GV with mild vascular wall fibrosis and moderate lymphocytic infiltration of islets of Langerhans. Measurement of blood glucose level showed the best results with GIV. Nitazoxanide is effective against cryptosporidiosis in diabetic patients with minimal hyperglycemia, Artemether is especially effective in reducing the oocyst shedding in stool, whereas Ivermectin is associated with the least pathological changes in pancreatic islets of Langerhans.
Graphical abstract |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s12639-022-01527-w |
| format | Article |
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GI:
normal non-infected non-treated (healthy- control),
GII-GVI
(diabetic groups),
GII:
non-infected non treated (diabetic control),
GIII:
infected non treated (infected control),
GIV:
infected and treated with Nitazoxanide (NTZ),
GV:
infected and treated with Ivermectin (IVC),
GVI:
infected and treated with Artemether (ART). Parasitological, histopathological, and chemical examinations were done to evaluate the effect of NTZ, IVC, and ART against cryptosporidiosis in diabetic mice. Parasitological examination revealed maximum reduction of oocyst shedding in GVI, while histopathological examination showed the least pathologic changes in GV with mild vascular wall fibrosis and moderate lymphocytic infiltration of islets of Langerhans. Measurement of blood glucose level showed the best results with GIV. Nitazoxanide is effective against cryptosporidiosis in diabetic patients with minimal hyperglycemia, Artemether is especially effective in reducing the oocyst shedding in stool, whereas Ivermectin is associated with the least pathological changes in pancreatic islets of Langerhans.
Graphical abstract</description><identifier>ISSN: 0971-7196</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 0975-0703</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s12639-022-01527-w</identifier><identifier>PMID: 36092469</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New Delhi: Springer India</publisher><subject>Artemether ; Cryptosporidiosis ; Diabetes ; Diabetes mellitus ; Diarrhea ; Fibrosis ; Health Promotion and Disease Prevention ; Hyperglycemia ; Immune response ; Immunocompromised hosts ; Infectious Diseases ; Islets of Langerhans ; Ivermectin ; Medicine ; Medicine & Public Health ; Metabolic disorders ; Original ; Original Article</subject><ispartof>Journal of parasitic diseases, 2022-12, Vol.46 (4), p.1070-1079</ispartof><rights>Indian Society for Parasitology 2022. Springer Nature or its licensor holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.</rights><rights>Indian Society for Parasitology 2022, Springer Nature or its licensor holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c366w-dc8a87ef34ed7ab967fc93162ab48866b022b906c45a7eb7a5cfe88479df03de3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c366w-dc8a87ef34ed7ab967fc93162ab48866b022b906c45a7eb7a5cfe88479df03de3</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-4815-8731</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9451122/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9451122/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,881,27903,27904,41467,42536,51298,53770,53772</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>El-Ashkar, Ayman M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mahmoud, Soheir</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sabry, Hoda</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Guirguis, Nevine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>El Komi, Wafaa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ali, Eman</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abu Shousha, Tarek</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abdelmksoud, Hagar F.</creatorcontrib><title>Nitazoxanide, Ivermectin, and Artemether effects against cryptosporidiosis in diabetic mice: parasitological, histopathological, and chemical studies</title><title>Journal of parasitic diseases</title><addtitle>J Parasit Dis</addtitle><description>Human cryptosporidiosis is one of the most significant causes of water borne epidemics of diarrhea worldwide. It is extremely important in immunocompromised hosts and malnourished children as it could cause severe life-threatening diarrhea. Despite the global burden of the disease, there are only few available therapies against cryptosporidiosis. Diabetes mellitus is a common metabolic disorder that impair both the innate and adaptive immune responses of the patient. This study aimed to test the effect of Nitazoxanide, Ivermectin, and Artemether against cryptosporidiosis in diabetic mice. Sixty white albino mice were categorized into 6 groups; 10 mice each:
GI:
normal non-infected non-treated (healthy- control),
GII-GVI
(diabetic groups),
GII:
non-infected non treated (diabetic control),
GIII:
infected non treated (infected control),
GIV:
infected and treated with Nitazoxanide (NTZ),
GV:
infected and treated with Ivermectin (IVC),
GVI:
infected and treated with Artemether (ART). Parasitological, histopathological, and chemical examinations were done to evaluate the effect of NTZ, IVC, and ART against cryptosporidiosis in diabetic mice. Parasitological examination revealed maximum reduction of oocyst shedding in GVI, while histopathological examination showed the least pathologic changes in GV with mild vascular wall fibrosis and moderate lymphocytic infiltration of islets of Langerhans. Measurement of blood glucose level showed the best results with GIV. Nitazoxanide is effective against cryptosporidiosis in diabetic patients with minimal hyperglycemia, Artemether is especially effective in reducing the oocyst shedding in stool, whereas Ivermectin is associated with the least pathological changes in pancreatic islets of Langerhans.
Graphical abstract</description><subject>Artemether</subject><subject>Cryptosporidiosis</subject><subject>Diabetes</subject><subject>Diabetes mellitus</subject><subject>Diarrhea</subject><subject>Fibrosis</subject><subject>Health Promotion and Disease Prevention</subject><subject>Hyperglycemia</subject><subject>Immune response</subject><subject>Immunocompromised hosts</subject><subject>Infectious Diseases</subject><subject>Islets of Langerhans</subject><subject>Ivermectin</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Medicine & Public Health</subject><subject>Metabolic disorders</subject><subject>Original</subject><subject>Original Article</subject><issn>0971-7196</issn><issn>0975-0703</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kc1u1DAUhSMEoqXwAqwssWExAf8kdswCqaqgrVTBBtaWY99MXCV2sJ1Oy3vwvng6FRUsWNm-9zvHvj5V9ZrgdwRj8T4RypmsMaU1Ji0V9e5JdYylaGssMHt6vye1IJIfVS9Susa4LfXueXXEOJa04fK4-vXFZf0z3GrvLGzQ5Q3EGUx2foO0t-g0ZpghjxARDENpJKS32vmUkYl3Sw5pCdFZF5JLyHlkne4hO4NmZ-ADWnTUyeUwha0zetqg0aUcFp3Hx9L-GjPCvD-hlFfrIL2sng16SvDqYT2pvn_-9O3sor76en55dnpVG8b5rram052AgTVghe4lF4ORjHCq-6brOO_L1_QSc9O0WkAvdGsG6LpGSDtgZoGdVB8Pvsvaz2AN-Bz1pJboZh3vVNBO_d3xblTbcKNk0xJCaTF4-2AQw48VUlazSwamSXsIa1JUEMawIJgU9M0_6HVYoy_jFYrKkk0nWKHogTIxpBRh-PMYgtU-dXVIXZXR1H3qaldE7CBKBfZbiI_W_1H9BqiJs-w</recordid><startdate>20221201</startdate><enddate>20221201</enddate><creator>El-Ashkar, Ayman M.</creator><creator>Mahmoud, Soheir</creator><creator>Sabry, Hoda</creator><creator>Guirguis, Nevine</creator><creator>El Komi, Wafaa</creator><creator>Ali, Eman</creator><creator>Abu Shousha, Tarek</creator><creator>Abdelmksoud, Hagar F.</creator><general>Springer India</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4815-8731</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20221201</creationdate><title>Nitazoxanide, Ivermectin, and Artemether effects against cryptosporidiosis in diabetic mice: parasitological, histopathological, and chemical studies</title><author>El-Ashkar, Ayman M. ; Mahmoud, Soheir ; Sabry, Hoda ; Guirguis, Nevine ; El Komi, Wafaa ; Ali, Eman ; Abu Shousha, Tarek ; Abdelmksoud, Hagar F.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c366w-dc8a87ef34ed7ab967fc93162ab48866b022b906c45a7eb7a5cfe88479df03de3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Artemether</topic><topic>Cryptosporidiosis</topic><topic>Diabetes</topic><topic>Diabetes mellitus</topic><topic>Diarrhea</topic><topic>Fibrosis</topic><topic>Health Promotion and Disease Prevention</topic><topic>Hyperglycemia</topic><topic>Immune response</topic><topic>Immunocompromised hosts</topic><topic>Infectious Diseases</topic><topic>Islets of Langerhans</topic><topic>Ivermectin</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Medicine & Public Health</topic><topic>Metabolic disorders</topic><topic>Original</topic><topic>Original Article</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>El-Ashkar, Ayman M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mahmoud, Soheir</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sabry, Hoda</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Guirguis, Nevine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>El Komi, Wafaa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ali, Eman</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abu Shousha, Tarek</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abdelmksoud, Hagar F.</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Journal of parasitic diseases</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>El-Ashkar, Ayman M.</au><au>Mahmoud, Soheir</au><au>Sabry, Hoda</au><au>Guirguis, Nevine</au><au>El Komi, Wafaa</au><au>Ali, Eman</au><au>Abu Shousha, Tarek</au><au>Abdelmksoud, Hagar F.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Nitazoxanide, Ivermectin, and Artemether effects against cryptosporidiosis in diabetic mice: parasitological, histopathological, and chemical studies</atitle><jtitle>Journal of parasitic diseases</jtitle><stitle>J Parasit Dis</stitle><date>2022-12-01</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>46</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>1070</spage><epage>1079</epage><pages>1070-1079</pages><issn>0971-7196</issn><eissn>0975-0703</eissn><abstract>Human cryptosporidiosis is one of the most significant causes of water borne epidemics of diarrhea worldwide. It is extremely important in immunocompromised hosts and malnourished children as it could cause severe life-threatening diarrhea. Despite the global burden of the disease, there are only few available therapies against cryptosporidiosis. Diabetes mellitus is a common metabolic disorder that impair both the innate and adaptive immune responses of the patient. This study aimed to test the effect of Nitazoxanide, Ivermectin, and Artemether against cryptosporidiosis in diabetic mice. Sixty white albino mice were categorized into 6 groups; 10 mice each:
GI:
normal non-infected non-treated (healthy- control),
GII-GVI
(diabetic groups),
GII:
non-infected non treated (diabetic control),
GIII:
infected non treated (infected control),
GIV:
infected and treated with Nitazoxanide (NTZ),
GV:
infected and treated with Ivermectin (IVC),
GVI:
infected and treated with Artemether (ART). Parasitological, histopathological, and chemical examinations were done to evaluate the effect of NTZ, IVC, and ART against cryptosporidiosis in diabetic mice. Parasitological examination revealed maximum reduction of oocyst shedding in GVI, while histopathological examination showed the least pathologic changes in GV with mild vascular wall fibrosis and moderate lymphocytic infiltration of islets of Langerhans. Measurement of blood glucose level showed the best results with GIV. Nitazoxanide is effective against cryptosporidiosis in diabetic patients with minimal hyperglycemia, Artemether is especially effective in reducing the oocyst shedding in stool, whereas Ivermectin is associated with the least pathological changes in pancreatic islets of Langerhans.
Graphical abstract</abstract><cop>New Delhi</cop><pub>Springer India</pub><pmid>36092469</pmid><doi>10.1007/s12639-022-01527-w</doi><tpages>10</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4815-8731</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Artemether Cryptosporidiosis Diabetes Diabetes mellitus Diarrhea Fibrosis Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Hyperglycemia Immune response Immunocompromised hosts Infectious Diseases Islets of Langerhans Ivermectin Medicine Medicine & Public Health Metabolic disorders Original Original Article |
| title | Nitazoxanide, Ivermectin, and Artemether effects against cryptosporidiosis in diabetic mice: parasitological, histopathological, and chemical studies |
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