Dietary Inorganic Nitrate/Nitrite Supplementation Reduces Central and Peripheral Blood Pressure in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Abstract BACKGROUND Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have increased cardiovascular risk due to elevated blood pressure (BP). As low levels of nitric oxide (NO) may contribute to increased BP, we determined if increasing NO bioavailability via eight weeks of supplementation with beetroot...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | American journal of hypertension 2022-09, Vol.35 (9), p.803-809 |
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| container_title | American journal of hypertension |
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| creator | Bock, Joshua M Hughes, William E Ueda, Kenichi Feider, Andrew J Hanada, Satoshi Casey, Darren P |
| description | Abstract
BACKGROUND
Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have increased cardiovascular risk due to elevated blood pressure (BP). As low levels of nitric oxide (NO) may contribute to increased BP, we determined if increasing NO bioavailability via eight weeks of supplementation with beetroot juice containing inorganic nitrate/nitrite (4.03 mmol nitrate, 0.29 mmol nitrite) improves peripheral and central BP relative to nitrate/nitrite-depleted beetroot juice.
METHODS
Peripheral and central BP were assessed at heart-level in supine subjects using a brachial artery catheter and applanation tonometry, respectively.
RESULTS
Nitrate/nitrite supplementation reduced peripheral systolic BP (148 ± 16 to 142 ± 18 mm Hg, P < 0.05) but not placebo (150 ± 19 to 149 ± 17 mm Hg, P = 0.93); however, diastolic BP was unaffected (supplement-by-time P = 0.08). Central systolic BP (131 ± 16 to 127 ± 17 mm Hg) and augmented pressure (13.3 ± 6.6 to 11.6 ± 6.9 mm Hg, both P < 0.05) were reduced after nitrate/nitrite, but not placebo (134 ± 17 to 135 ± 16 mm Hg, P = 0.62; 14.1 ± 6.6 to 15.2 ± 7.4 mm Hg, P = 0.20); central diastolic BP was unchanged by the interventions (supplement-by-time P = 0.16). Inorganic nitrate/nitrite also reduced AIx (24.3 ± 9.9% to 21.0 ± 9.6%) whereas no changes were observed following placebo (24.6 ± 9.3% to 25.6 ± 9.9%, P = 0.46).
CONCLUSIONS
Inorganic nitrate/nitrite supplementation improves peripheral and central BP as well as AIx in T2DM.
CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION
Trial Number NCT02804932.
Graphical Abstract
Graphical Abstract |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1093/ajh/hpac068 |
| format | Article |
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BACKGROUND
Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have increased cardiovascular risk due to elevated blood pressure (BP). As low levels of nitric oxide (NO) may contribute to increased BP, we determined if increasing NO bioavailability via eight weeks of supplementation with beetroot juice containing inorganic nitrate/nitrite (4.03 mmol nitrate, 0.29 mmol nitrite) improves peripheral and central BP relative to nitrate/nitrite-depleted beetroot juice.
METHODS
Peripheral and central BP were assessed at heart-level in supine subjects using a brachial artery catheter and applanation tonometry, respectively.
RESULTS
Nitrate/nitrite supplementation reduced peripheral systolic BP (148 ± 16 to 142 ± 18 mm Hg, P < 0.05) but not placebo (150 ± 19 to 149 ± 17 mm Hg, P = 0.93); however, diastolic BP was unaffected (supplement-by-time P = 0.08). Central systolic BP (131 ± 16 to 127 ± 17 mm Hg) and augmented pressure (13.3 ± 6.6 to 11.6 ± 6.9 mm Hg, both P < 0.05) were reduced after nitrate/nitrite, but not placebo (134 ± 17 to 135 ± 16 mm Hg, P = 0.62; 14.1 ± 6.6 to 15.2 ± 7.4 mm Hg, P = 0.20); central diastolic BP was unchanged by the interventions (supplement-by-time P = 0.16). Inorganic nitrate/nitrite also reduced AIx (24.3 ± 9.9% to 21.0 ± 9.6%) whereas no changes were observed following placebo (24.6 ± 9.3% to 25.6 ± 9.9%, P = 0.46).
CONCLUSIONS
Inorganic nitrate/nitrite supplementation improves peripheral and central BP as well as AIx in T2DM.
CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION
Trial Number NCT02804932.
Graphical Abstract
Graphical Abstract</description><identifier>ISSN: 0895-7061</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1941-7225</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1941-7225</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpac068</identifier><identifier>PMID: 35639721</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>US: Oxford University Press</publisher><subject>Beta vulgaris ; Blood Pressure ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - diagnosis ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - drug therapy ; Dietary Supplements ; Double-Blind Method ; Humans ; Nitrates ; Nitric Oxide ; Nitrites ; Original Contributions</subject><ispartof>American journal of hypertension, 2022-09, Vol.35 (9), p.803-809</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of American Journal of Hypertension, Ltd. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com 2022</rights><rights>The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of American Journal of Hypertension, Ltd. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c412t-18993f573499fd6b546c1cd1405d204cbc5dc2ef9b855af4d9f534820fbe65ce3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c412t-18993f573499fd6b546c1cd1405d204cbc5dc2ef9b855af4d9f534820fbe65ce3</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-4564-8604 ; 0000-0002-0101-0900</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>230,314,780,784,885,1584,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35639721$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Bock, Joshua M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hughes, William E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ueda, Kenichi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Feider, Andrew J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hanada, Satoshi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Casey, Darren P</creatorcontrib><title>Dietary Inorganic Nitrate/Nitrite Supplementation Reduces Central and Peripheral Blood Pressure in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus</title><title>American journal of hypertension</title><addtitle>Am J Hypertens</addtitle><description>Abstract
BACKGROUND
Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have increased cardiovascular risk due to elevated blood pressure (BP). As low levels of nitric oxide (NO) may contribute to increased BP, we determined if increasing NO bioavailability via eight weeks of supplementation with beetroot juice containing inorganic nitrate/nitrite (4.03 mmol nitrate, 0.29 mmol nitrite) improves peripheral and central BP relative to nitrate/nitrite-depleted beetroot juice.
METHODS
Peripheral and central BP were assessed at heart-level in supine subjects using a brachial artery catheter and applanation tonometry, respectively.
RESULTS
Nitrate/nitrite supplementation reduced peripheral systolic BP (148 ± 16 to 142 ± 18 mm Hg, P < 0.05) but not placebo (150 ± 19 to 149 ± 17 mm Hg, P = 0.93); however, diastolic BP was unaffected (supplement-by-time P = 0.08). Central systolic BP (131 ± 16 to 127 ± 17 mm Hg) and augmented pressure (13.3 ± 6.6 to 11.6 ± 6.9 mm Hg, both P < 0.05) were reduced after nitrate/nitrite, but not placebo (134 ± 17 to 135 ± 16 mm Hg, P = 0.62; 14.1 ± 6.6 to 15.2 ± 7.4 mm Hg, P = 0.20); central diastolic BP was unchanged by the interventions (supplement-by-time P = 0.16). Inorganic nitrate/nitrite also reduced AIx (24.3 ± 9.9% to 21.0 ± 9.6%) whereas no changes were observed following placebo (24.6 ± 9.3% to 25.6 ± 9.9%, P = 0.46).
CONCLUSIONS
Inorganic nitrate/nitrite supplementation improves peripheral and central BP as well as AIx in T2DM.
CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION
Trial Number NCT02804932.
Graphical Abstract
Graphical Abstract</description><subject>Beta vulgaris</subject><subject>Blood Pressure</subject><subject>Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - diagnosis</subject><subject>Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - drug therapy</subject><subject>Dietary Supplements</subject><subject>Double-Blind Method</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Nitrates</subject><subject>Nitric Oxide</subject><subject>Nitrites</subject><subject>Original Contributions</subject><issn>0895-7061</issn><issn>1941-7225</issn><issn>1941-7225</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kUtv1DAURi0EotPCij3yCiGhMH4n3iCVKY9KBSooYmk5zk3jKhMH26nUn8C_xqMZKtiwuvL18bGvP4SeUfKaEs3X9mZYD7N1RDUP0IpqQauaMfkQrUijZVUTRY_QcUo3hBChFH2MjrhUXNeMrtCvMw_Zxjt8PoV4bSfv8Gefo82w3lWfAX9b5nmELUzZZh8m_BW6xUHCm9KJdsR26vAlRD8PsFu-HUMojQgpLRGwn_BlOVfYhH_4POCruxkww2fetpCL5hOMo89LeoIe9XZM8PRQT9D39--uNh-riy8fzjenF5UTlOWKNlrzXtZcaN13qpVCOeo6KojsGBGudbJzDHrdNlLaXnS6l1w0jPQtKOmAn6A3e--8tFvo3H4KM0e_Lf9ggvXm353JD-Y63BotuGC0KYKXB0EMPxdI2Wx9cmUKO0FYkmGqZpyphuuCvtqjLoaUIvT311BiduGZEp45hFfo53-_7J79k1YBXuyBsMz_Nf0GBN6nLw</recordid><startdate>20220901</startdate><enddate>20220901</enddate><creator>Bock, Joshua M</creator><creator>Hughes, William E</creator><creator>Ueda, Kenichi</creator><creator>Feider, Andrew J</creator><creator>Hanada, Satoshi</creator><creator>Casey, Darren P</creator><general>Oxford University Press</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4564-8604</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0101-0900</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20220901</creationdate><title>Dietary Inorganic Nitrate/Nitrite Supplementation Reduces Central and Peripheral Blood Pressure in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus</title><author>Bock, Joshua M ; Hughes, William E ; Ueda, Kenichi ; Feider, Andrew J ; Hanada, Satoshi ; Casey, Darren P</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c412t-18993f573499fd6b546c1cd1405d204cbc5dc2ef9b855af4d9f534820fbe65ce3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Beta vulgaris</topic><topic>Blood Pressure</topic><topic>Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - diagnosis</topic><topic>Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - drug therapy</topic><topic>Dietary Supplements</topic><topic>Double-Blind Method</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Nitrates</topic><topic>Nitric Oxide</topic><topic>Nitrites</topic><topic>Original Contributions</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Bock, Joshua M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hughes, William E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ueda, Kenichi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Feider, Andrew J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hanada, Satoshi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Casey, Darren P</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>American journal of hypertension</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Bock, Joshua M</au><au>Hughes, William E</au><au>Ueda, Kenichi</au><au>Feider, Andrew J</au><au>Hanada, Satoshi</au><au>Casey, Darren P</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Dietary Inorganic Nitrate/Nitrite Supplementation Reduces Central and Peripheral Blood Pressure in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus</atitle><jtitle>American journal of hypertension</jtitle><addtitle>Am J Hypertens</addtitle><date>2022-09-01</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>35</volume><issue>9</issue><spage>803</spage><epage>809</epage><pages>803-809</pages><issn>0895-7061</issn><issn>1941-7225</issn><eissn>1941-7225</eissn><abstract>Abstract
BACKGROUND
Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have increased cardiovascular risk due to elevated blood pressure (BP). As low levels of nitric oxide (NO) may contribute to increased BP, we determined if increasing NO bioavailability via eight weeks of supplementation with beetroot juice containing inorganic nitrate/nitrite (4.03 mmol nitrate, 0.29 mmol nitrite) improves peripheral and central BP relative to nitrate/nitrite-depleted beetroot juice.
METHODS
Peripheral and central BP were assessed at heart-level in supine subjects using a brachial artery catheter and applanation tonometry, respectively.
RESULTS
Nitrate/nitrite supplementation reduced peripheral systolic BP (148 ± 16 to 142 ± 18 mm Hg, P < 0.05) but not placebo (150 ± 19 to 149 ± 17 mm Hg, P = 0.93); however, diastolic BP was unaffected (supplement-by-time P = 0.08). Central systolic BP (131 ± 16 to 127 ± 17 mm Hg) and augmented pressure (13.3 ± 6.6 to 11.6 ± 6.9 mm Hg, both P < 0.05) were reduced after nitrate/nitrite, but not placebo (134 ± 17 to 135 ± 16 mm Hg, P = 0.62; 14.1 ± 6.6 to 15.2 ± 7.4 mm Hg, P = 0.20); central diastolic BP was unchanged by the interventions (supplement-by-time P = 0.16). Inorganic nitrate/nitrite also reduced AIx (24.3 ± 9.9% to 21.0 ± 9.6%) whereas no changes were observed following placebo (24.6 ± 9.3% to 25.6 ± 9.9%, P = 0.46).
CONCLUSIONS
Inorganic nitrate/nitrite supplementation improves peripheral and central BP as well as AIx in T2DM.
CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION
Trial Number NCT02804932.
Graphical Abstract
Graphical Abstract</abstract><cop>US</cop><pub>Oxford University Press</pub><pmid>35639721</pmid><doi>10.1093/ajh/hpac068</doi><tpages>7</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4564-8604</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0101-0900</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0895-7061 |
| ispartof | American journal of hypertension, 2022-09, Vol.35 (9), p.803-809 |
| issn | 0895-7061 1941-7225 1941-7225 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_9434218 |
| source | MEDLINE; Oxford University Press Journals All Titles (1996-Current); Alma/SFX Local Collection |
| subjects | Beta vulgaris Blood Pressure Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - diagnosis Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - drug therapy Dietary Supplements Double-Blind Method Humans Nitrates Nitric Oxide Nitrites Original Contributions |
| title | Dietary Inorganic Nitrate/Nitrite Supplementation Reduces Central and Peripheral Blood Pressure in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus |
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