Multimorbidity and Mental Health Trajectories Among Middle-Aged and Older U.S. Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Longitudinal Findings From the COVID-19 Coping Study
Abstract Background and Objectives This study aimed to examine the associations between multimorbidity at the COVID-19 pandemic onset and subsequent longitudinal trajectories of depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and loneliness in middle-aged and older adults over a 12-month follow-up. Research...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Innovation in aging 2022-07, Vol.6 (5), p.igac047 |
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| creator | Cheng, Greta Jianjia Wagner, Abram L O’Shea, Brendan Q Joseph, Carly A Finlay, Jessica M Kobayashi, Lindsay C |
| description | Abstract
Background and Objectives
This study aimed to examine the associations between multimorbidity at the COVID-19 pandemic onset and subsequent longitudinal trajectories of depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and loneliness in middle-aged and older adults over a 12-month follow-up.
Research Design and Methods
Data were from monthly online questionnaires in the COVID-19 Coping Study of U.S. adults aged ≥55 from April/May 2020 through April/May 2021 (N = 4,024). Multimorbidity was defined as having ≥2 versus |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1093/geroni/igac047 |
| format | Article |
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Background and Objectives
This study aimed to examine the associations between multimorbidity at the COVID-19 pandemic onset and subsequent longitudinal trajectories of depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and loneliness in middle-aged and older adults over a 12-month follow-up.
Research Design and Methods
Data were from monthly online questionnaires in the COVID-19 Coping Study of U.S. adults aged ≥55 from April/May 2020 through April/May 2021 (N = 4,024). Multimorbidity was defined as having ≥2 versus <2 chronic conditions at baseline. Mental health outcomes were assessed monthly as depressive symptoms (8-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale), anxiety symptoms (5-item Beck Anxiety Inventory), and loneliness (3-item UCLA Loneliness Scale). We used multivariable-adjusted population- and attrition-weighted mixed-effects linear models to examine the longitudinal associations between multimorbidity and mental health symptoms.
Results
Multimorbidity at the pandemic onset was associated with elevated depressive (b = 0.37; 95% CI: 0.16–0.59) and anxiety (b = 0.39; 95% CI: 0.15–0.62) symptoms at baseline. Changes in symptoms for all three mental health outcomes were nonlinear over time, with worsening symptoms over the first 6 months of the pandemic (April/May to September/October 2020), followed by improvement in symptoms over the subsequent 6 months (September/October 2020 to April/May 2021). Middle-aged and older adults with multimorbidity experienced faster rates of change in anxiety symptoms and loneliness than those without multimorbidity, with persistently elevated mental health symptomatology throughout the follow-up.
Discussion and Implications
Results highlight the unique and persistent mental health risks experienced by middle-aged and older adults with multimorbidity during the COVID-19 pandemic. The observed improvements in symptoms underscore the mental resilience of these individuals, indicating their adaptation to the ongoing pandemic.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2399-5300</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2399-5300</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igac047</identifier><identifier>PMID: 36035631</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>US: Oxford University Press</publisher><subject>Aged ; Control ; Coping (Psychology) ; Development and progression ; Epidemics ; Health aspects ; Mental illness ; Middle aged persons ; Morbidity ; Original Report ; Psychological aspects</subject><ispartof>Innovation in aging, 2022-07, Vol.6 (5), p.igac047</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Gerontological Society of America. 2022</rights><rights>The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Gerontological Society of America.</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2022 Oxford University Press</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c421t-d13e5e196acd371e7875217e072b97eb41098a9f03b572f3beab417f48d9a8783</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c421t-d13e5e196acd371e7875217e072b97eb41098a9f03b572f3beab417f48d9a8783</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-1178-6200 ; 0000-0003-2725-3107 ; 0000-0003-4691-7802 ; 0000-0003-3427-8003 ; 0000-0002-3216-2536</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9403728/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9403728/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,1598,27903,27904,53770,53772</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36035631$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Savla, J Tina</contributor><creatorcontrib>Cheng, Greta Jianjia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wagner, Abram L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>O’Shea, Brendan Q</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Joseph, Carly A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Finlay, Jessica M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kobayashi, Lindsay C</creatorcontrib><title>Multimorbidity and Mental Health Trajectories Among Middle-Aged and Older U.S. Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Longitudinal Findings From the COVID-19 Coping Study</title><title>Innovation in aging</title><addtitle>Innov Aging</addtitle><description>Abstract
Background and Objectives
This study aimed to examine the associations between multimorbidity at the COVID-19 pandemic onset and subsequent longitudinal trajectories of depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and loneliness in middle-aged and older adults over a 12-month follow-up.
Research Design and Methods
Data were from monthly online questionnaires in the COVID-19 Coping Study of U.S. adults aged ≥55 from April/May 2020 through April/May 2021 (N = 4,024). Multimorbidity was defined as having ≥2 versus <2 chronic conditions at baseline. Mental health outcomes were assessed monthly as depressive symptoms (8-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale), anxiety symptoms (5-item Beck Anxiety Inventory), and loneliness (3-item UCLA Loneliness Scale). We used multivariable-adjusted population- and attrition-weighted mixed-effects linear models to examine the longitudinal associations between multimorbidity and mental health symptoms.
Results
Multimorbidity at the pandemic onset was associated with elevated depressive (b = 0.37; 95% CI: 0.16–0.59) and anxiety (b = 0.39; 95% CI: 0.15–0.62) symptoms at baseline. Changes in symptoms for all three mental health outcomes were nonlinear over time, with worsening symptoms over the first 6 months of the pandemic (April/May to September/October 2020), followed by improvement in symptoms over the subsequent 6 months (September/October 2020 to April/May 2021). Middle-aged and older adults with multimorbidity experienced faster rates of change in anxiety symptoms and loneliness than those without multimorbidity, with persistently elevated mental health symptomatology throughout the follow-up.
Discussion and Implications
Results highlight the unique and persistent mental health risks experienced by middle-aged and older adults with multimorbidity during the COVID-19 pandemic. The observed improvements in symptoms underscore the mental resilience of these individuals, indicating their adaptation to the ongoing pandemic.</description><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Control</subject><subject>Coping (Psychology)</subject><subject>Development and progression</subject><subject>Epidemics</subject><subject>Health aspects</subject><subject>Mental illness</subject><subject>Middle aged persons</subject><subject>Morbidity</subject><subject>Original Report</subject><subject>Psychological aspects</subject><issn>2399-5300</issn><issn>2399-5300</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>TOX</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkkFr2zAUx83YWEvX645DsMt2cCpZdmTtMDDpshYSMmi7q5CtZ0dFljLJHuQb7WNObrLSQmHooMfT7_319PRPkvcEzwjm9KID76y-0J1scM5eJacZ5TwtKMavn8QnyXkI9xhjwmnO8-xtckLnmBZzSk6TP-vRDLp3vtZKD3skrUJrsIM06AqkGbbo1st7aAbnNQRU9c52aK2VMpBWHaiHgo1R4NHd7GaGKhX1ArocvY7gsAW02Py8vkwJRz8iCr1uvqBVFNHDqLSN1yy1jUEX0NK7_nnFwu0mlZuI7t8lb1ppApwf97PkbvntdnGVrjbfrxfVKm3yjAypIhQKIHwuG0UZAVayIiMMMMtqzqDO4-BKyVtM64JlLa1Bxhxr81JxWbKSniVfD7q7se5BNXEWXhqx87qXfi-c1OL5idVb0bnfgueYsmwS-HQU8O7XCGEQvQ4NGCMtuDGIjOHYFCcli-jHA9pJA0Lb1kXFZsJFxeL_UDynEzV7gYrrYZrOQqtj_qWCxrsQPLSP3RMsJuOIg3HE0Tix4MPTNz_i_2wSgc8HwI27_4n9Beezzgw</recordid><startdate>20220701</startdate><enddate>20220701</enddate><creator>Cheng, Greta Jianjia</creator><creator>Wagner, Abram L</creator><creator>O’Shea, Brendan Q</creator><creator>Joseph, Carly A</creator><creator>Finlay, Jessica M</creator><creator>Kobayashi, Lindsay C</creator><general>Oxford University Press</general><scope>TOX</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1178-6200</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2725-3107</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4691-7802</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3427-8003</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3216-2536</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20220701</creationdate><title>Multimorbidity and Mental Health Trajectories Among Middle-Aged and Older U.S. Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Longitudinal Findings From the COVID-19 Coping Study</title><author>Cheng, Greta Jianjia ; Wagner, Abram L ; O’Shea, Brendan Q ; Joseph, Carly A ; Finlay, Jessica M ; Kobayashi, Lindsay C</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c421t-d13e5e196acd371e7875217e072b97eb41098a9f03b572f3beab417f48d9a8783</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Control</topic><topic>Coping (Psychology)</topic><topic>Development and progression</topic><topic>Epidemics</topic><topic>Health aspects</topic><topic>Mental illness</topic><topic>Middle aged persons</topic><topic>Morbidity</topic><topic>Original Report</topic><topic>Psychological aspects</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Cheng, Greta Jianjia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wagner, Abram L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>O’Shea, Brendan Q</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Joseph, Carly A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Finlay, Jessica M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kobayashi, Lindsay C</creatorcontrib><collection>Oxford Journals Open Access Collection</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Innovation in aging</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Cheng, Greta Jianjia</au><au>Wagner, Abram L</au><au>O’Shea, Brendan Q</au><au>Joseph, Carly A</au><au>Finlay, Jessica M</au><au>Kobayashi, Lindsay C</au><au>Savla, J Tina</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Multimorbidity and Mental Health Trajectories Among Middle-Aged and Older U.S. Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Longitudinal Findings From the COVID-19 Coping Study</atitle><jtitle>Innovation in aging</jtitle><addtitle>Innov Aging</addtitle><date>2022-07-01</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>6</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>igac047</spage><pages>igac047-</pages><issn>2399-5300</issn><eissn>2399-5300</eissn><abstract>Abstract
Background and Objectives
This study aimed to examine the associations between multimorbidity at the COVID-19 pandemic onset and subsequent longitudinal trajectories of depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and loneliness in middle-aged and older adults over a 12-month follow-up.
Research Design and Methods
Data were from monthly online questionnaires in the COVID-19 Coping Study of U.S. adults aged ≥55 from April/May 2020 through April/May 2021 (N = 4,024). Multimorbidity was defined as having ≥2 versus <2 chronic conditions at baseline. Mental health outcomes were assessed monthly as depressive symptoms (8-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale), anxiety symptoms (5-item Beck Anxiety Inventory), and loneliness (3-item UCLA Loneliness Scale). We used multivariable-adjusted population- and attrition-weighted mixed-effects linear models to examine the longitudinal associations between multimorbidity and mental health symptoms.
Results
Multimorbidity at the pandemic onset was associated with elevated depressive (b = 0.37; 95% CI: 0.16–0.59) and anxiety (b = 0.39; 95% CI: 0.15–0.62) symptoms at baseline. Changes in symptoms for all three mental health outcomes were nonlinear over time, with worsening symptoms over the first 6 months of the pandemic (April/May to September/October 2020), followed by improvement in symptoms over the subsequent 6 months (September/October 2020 to April/May 2021). Middle-aged and older adults with multimorbidity experienced faster rates of change in anxiety symptoms and loneliness than those without multimorbidity, with persistently elevated mental health symptomatology throughout the follow-up.
Discussion and Implications
Results highlight the unique and persistent mental health risks experienced by middle-aged and older adults with multimorbidity during the COVID-19 pandemic. The observed improvements in symptoms underscore the mental resilience of these individuals, indicating their adaptation to the ongoing pandemic.</abstract><cop>US</cop><pub>Oxford University Press</pub><pmid>36035631</pmid><doi>10.1093/geroni/igac047</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1178-6200</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2725-3107</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4691-7802</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3427-8003</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3216-2536</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Innovation in aging, 2022-07, Vol.6 (5), p.igac047 |
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| source | DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Oxford Journals Open Access Collection; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central |
| subjects | Aged Control Coping (Psychology) Development and progression Epidemics Health aspects Mental illness Middle aged persons Morbidity Original Report Psychological aspects |
| title | Multimorbidity and Mental Health Trajectories Among Middle-Aged and Older U.S. Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Longitudinal Findings From the COVID-19 Coping Study |
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