Recurrent pleural effusion in myeloma

ABSTRACT Plasma cell (PC) disorders make up a spectrum of diseases which include myeloma and amyloidosis. Pleural effusion in myeloma is rare and may result from myelomatous infiltration of the pleura or heart failure in cardiac amyloidosis. Benign causes of pleural effusion include infection, hypoa...

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Veröffentlicht in:Oxford Medical Case Reports 2022-08, Vol.2022 (8), p.318
Hauptverfasser: Woo, Wing Hang, Ithnin, Azlin, Raffali, Mohd Asyiq Al-Fard Mohd, Abd. Hamid, Mohamed Faisal, Abdul Wahid, S Fadilah, Wan Jamaludin, Wan Fariza
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container_issue 8
container_start_page 318
container_title Oxford Medical Case Reports
container_volume 2022
creator Woo, Wing Hang
Ithnin, Azlin
Raffali, Mohd Asyiq Al-Fard Mohd
Abd. Hamid, Mohamed Faisal
Abdul Wahid, S Fadilah
Wan Jamaludin, Wan Fariza
description ABSTRACT Plasma cell (PC) disorders make up a spectrum of diseases which include myeloma and amyloidosis. Pleural effusion in myeloma is rare and may result from myelomatous infiltration of the pleura or heart failure in cardiac amyloidosis. Benign causes of pleural effusion include infection, hypoalbuminemia or chronic renal impairment. Myelomatous pleural effusion (MPE) is diagnosed via pleural fluid cytomorphology and flow cytometry for malignant PCs, protein electrophoresis or pleural biopsy. A 74-year-old man with immunoglobulin A myeloma developed recurrent MPE with possible secondary cardiac amyloidosis. Despite achieving partial remission in serum paraprotein, the effusion was refractory to percutaneous drainage and pleurodesis. The treatment is aimed at eradicating myeloma and relieving respiratory symptoms. Early recognition of myeloma progression into extramedullary infiltration and secondary amyloidosis is important. While chemotherapy intensification in older patients can be challenging, multidisciplinary management is essential in alleviating symptoms and in improving the quality of life.
doi_str_mv 10.1093/omcr/omac091
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Despite achieving partial remission in serum paraprotein, the effusion was refractory to percutaneous drainage and pleurodesis. The treatment is aimed at eradicating myeloma and relieving respiratory symptoms. Early recognition of myeloma progression into extramedullary infiltration and secondary amyloidosis is important. While chemotherapy intensification in older patients can be challenging, multidisciplinary management is essential in alleviating symptoms and in improving the quality of life.</description><identifier>EISSN: 2053-8855</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1093/omcr/omac091</identifier><identifier>PMID: 35991502</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford University Press</publisher><subject>Amyloidosis ; Cancer ; Case Report ; Chemotherapy ; Diseases ; Health aspects ; Immunoglobulin A ; Pleural effusions ; Relapse</subject><ispartof>Oxford Medical Case Reports, 2022-08, Vol.2022 (8), p.318</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2022. 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subjects Amyloidosis
Cancer
Case Report
Chemotherapy
Diseases
Health aspects
Immunoglobulin A
Pleural effusions
Relapse
title Recurrent pleural effusion in myeloma
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