Symptoms and risk factors for long COVID in non-hospitalized adults
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is associated with a range of persistent symptoms impacting everyday functioning, known as post-COVID-19 condition or long COVID. We undertook a retrospective matched cohort study using a UK-based primary care database, Clinical...
Gespeichert in:
| Veröffentlicht in: | Nature medicine 2022-08, Vol.28 (8), p.1706-1714 |
|---|---|
| Hauptverfasser: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format: | Artikel |
| Sprache: | eng |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
| Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
| container_end_page | 1714 |
|---|---|
| container_issue | 8 |
| container_start_page | 1706 |
| container_title | Nature medicine |
| container_volume | 28 |
| creator | Subramanian, Anuradhaa Nirantharakumar, Krishnarajah Hughes, Sarah Myles, Puja Williams, Tim Gokhale, Krishna M. Taverner, Tom Chandan, Joht Singh Brown, Kirsty Simms-Williams, Nikita Shah, Anoop D. Singh, Megha Kidy, Farah Okoth, Kelvin Hotham, Richard Bashir, Nasir Cockburn, Neil Lee, Siang Ing Turner, Grace M. Gkoutos, Georgios V. Aiyegbusi, Olalekan Lee McMullan, Christel Denniston, Alastair K. Sapey, Elizabeth Lord, Janet M. Wraith, David C. Leggett, Edward Iles, Clare Marshall, Tom Price, Malcolm J. Marwaha, Steven Davies, Elin Haf Jackson, Louise J. Matthews, Karen L. Camaradou, Jenny Calvert, Melanie Haroon, Shamil |
| description | Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is associated with a range of persistent symptoms impacting everyday functioning, known as post-COVID-19 condition or long COVID. We undertook a retrospective matched cohort study using a UK-based primary care database, Clinical Practice Research Datalink Aurum, to determine symptoms that are associated with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection beyond 12 weeks in non-hospitalized adults and the risk factors associated with developing persistent symptoms. We selected 486,149 adults with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and 1,944,580 propensity score-matched adults with no recorded evidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Outcomes included 115 individual symptoms, as well as long COVID, defined as a composite outcome of 33 symptoms by the World Health Organization clinical case definition. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) for the outcomes. A total of 62 symptoms were significantly associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection after 12 weeks. The largest aHRs were for anosmia (aHR 6.49, 95% CI 5.02–8.39), hair loss (3.99, 3.63–4.39), sneezing (2.77, 1.40–5.50), ejaculation difficulty (2.63, 1.61–4.28) and reduced libido (2.36, 1.61–3.47). Among the cohort of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2, risk factors for long COVID included female sex, belonging to an ethnic minority, socioeconomic deprivation, smoking, obesity and a wide range of comorbidities. The risk of developing long COVID was also found to be increased along a gradient of decreasing age. SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with a plethora of symptoms that are associated with a range of sociodemographic and clinical risk factors.
A retrospective analysis of primary care records in the United Kingdom reveals individual symptoms associated with SARS-CoV-2 infections, which persisted for 12 weeks or more after infection, as well as risk factors associated with developing long COVID. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1038/s41591-022-01909-w |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_9388369</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2694959387</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c540t-53f9bca0e7c1d73a82924853dc332334fa680e316346e431f68a84c72d43dae23</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9kU1PHSEUhkljU63tH-jCkLhxgwUOMLBpYq61mpi46Ee6I8gw17EzcIWZ3uivL-21WrtwdUjOc57DyYvQO0YPGQX9vggmDSOUc0KZoYasX6AdJoUirKHft-qbNppoI9U2el3KNaUUqDSv0DZI3RjF1A5afL4dV1MaC3axxbkvP3Dn_JRywV3KeEhxiRcX386OcR9xTJFcpbLqJzf0d6HFrp2HqbxBLzs3lPD2vu6irycfvyxOyfnFp7PF0TnxUtCJSOjMpXc0NJ61DTjNDRdaQusBOIDonNI0AFMgVBDAOqWdFr7hrYDWBQ676MPGu5ovx9D6EKfsBrvK_ejyrU2ut087sb-yy_TTGtAalKmCg3tBTjdzKJMd--LDMLgY0lwsV0YYWemmovv_oddpzrGeZ3lDq0xIKSrFN5TPqZQcuofPMGp_Z2Q3Gdmakf2TkV3Xob1_z3gY-RtKBWADlNqKy5Afdz-j_QWNEpze</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2703694554</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Symptoms and risk factors for long COVID in non-hospitalized adults</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Nature Journals Online</source><source>SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings</source><creator>Subramanian, Anuradhaa ; Nirantharakumar, Krishnarajah ; Hughes, Sarah ; Myles, Puja ; Williams, Tim ; Gokhale, Krishna M. ; Taverner, Tom ; Chandan, Joht Singh ; Brown, Kirsty ; Simms-Williams, Nikita ; Shah, Anoop D. ; Singh, Megha ; Kidy, Farah ; Okoth, Kelvin ; Hotham, Richard ; Bashir, Nasir ; Cockburn, Neil ; Lee, Siang Ing ; Turner, Grace M. ; Gkoutos, Georgios V. ; Aiyegbusi, Olalekan Lee ; McMullan, Christel ; Denniston, Alastair K. ; Sapey, Elizabeth ; Lord, Janet M. ; Wraith, David C. ; Leggett, Edward ; Iles, Clare ; Marshall, Tom ; Price, Malcolm J. ; Marwaha, Steven ; Davies, Elin Haf ; Jackson, Louise J. ; Matthews, Karen L. ; Camaradou, Jenny ; Calvert, Melanie ; Haroon, Shamil</creator><creatorcontrib>Subramanian, Anuradhaa ; Nirantharakumar, Krishnarajah ; Hughes, Sarah ; Myles, Puja ; Williams, Tim ; Gokhale, Krishna M. ; Taverner, Tom ; Chandan, Joht Singh ; Brown, Kirsty ; Simms-Williams, Nikita ; Shah, Anoop D. ; Singh, Megha ; Kidy, Farah ; Okoth, Kelvin ; Hotham, Richard ; Bashir, Nasir ; Cockburn, Neil ; Lee, Siang Ing ; Turner, Grace M. ; Gkoutos, Georgios V. ; Aiyegbusi, Olalekan Lee ; McMullan, Christel ; Denniston, Alastair K. ; Sapey, Elizabeth ; Lord, Janet M. ; Wraith, David C. ; Leggett, Edward ; Iles, Clare ; Marshall, Tom ; Price, Malcolm J. ; Marwaha, Steven ; Davies, Elin Haf ; Jackson, Louise J. ; Matthews, Karen L. ; Camaradou, Jenny ; Calvert, Melanie ; Haroon, Shamil</creatorcontrib><description>Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is associated with a range of persistent symptoms impacting everyday functioning, known as post-COVID-19 condition or long COVID. We undertook a retrospective matched cohort study using a UK-based primary care database, Clinical Practice Research Datalink Aurum, to determine symptoms that are associated with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection beyond 12 weeks in non-hospitalized adults and the risk factors associated with developing persistent symptoms. We selected 486,149 adults with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and 1,944,580 propensity score-matched adults with no recorded evidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Outcomes included 115 individual symptoms, as well as long COVID, defined as a composite outcome of 33 symptoms by the World Health Organization clinical case definition. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) for the outcomes. A total of 62 symptoms were significantly associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection after 12 weeks. The largest aHRs were for anosmia (aHR 6.49, 95% CI 5.02–8.39), hair loss (3.99, 3.63–4.39), sneezing (2.77, 1.40–5.50), ejaculation difficulty (2.63, 1.61–4.28) and reduced libido (2.36, 1.61–3.47). Among the cohort of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2, risk factors for long COVID included female sex, belonging to an ethnic minority, socioeconomic deprivation, smoking, obesity and a wide range of comorbidities. The risk of developing long COVID was also found to be increased along a gradient of decreasing age. SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with a plethora of symptoms that are associated with a range of sociodemographic and clinical risk factors.
A retrospective analysis of primary care records in the United Kingdom reveals individual symptoms associated with SARS-CoV-2 infections, which persisted for 12 weeks or more after infection, as well as risk factors associated with developing long COVID.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1078-8956</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1546-170X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1038/s41591-022-01909-w</identifier><identifier>PMID: 35879616</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York: Nature Publishing Group US</publisher><subject>692/1807/1809 ; 692/499 ; Adult ; Adults ; Anosmia ; Biomedical and Life Sciences ; Biomedicine ; Cancer Research ; Cohort Studies ; Comorbidity ; Coronaviruses ; COVID-19 ; COVID-19 - complications ; COVID-19 - epidemiology ; Deprivation ; Ejaculation ; Ethnic factors ; Ethnicity ; Female ; Health care ; Humans ; Infections ; Infectious Diseases ; Long COVID ; Male ; Metabolic Diseases ; Minority & ethnic groups ; Minority Groups ; Molecular Medicine ; Neurosciences ; Olfaction disorders ; Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome ; Primary care ; Respiratory diseases ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk analysis ; Risk Factors ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ; Sneezing ; Statistical models ; Viral diseases</subject><ispartof>Nature medicine, 2022-08, Vol.28 (8), p.1706-1714</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2022</rights><rights>2022. The Author(s).</rights><rights>The Author(s) 2022. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c540t-53f9bca0e7c1d73a82924853dc332334fa680e316346e431f68a84c72d43dae23</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c540t-53f9bca0e7c1d73a82924853dc332334fa680e316346e431f68a84c72d43dae23</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-7849-0087 ; 0000-0003-2147-5614 ; 0000-0002-6816-1279 ; 0000-0002-0096-1413 ; 0000-0001-8492-0020 ; 0000-0001-9122-8251 ; 0000-0001-7416-7610 ; 0000-0001-5656-1198 ; 0000-0002-2061-091X ; 0000-0002-9561-5141 ; 0000-0001-9403-1593 ; 0000-0002-1856-837X</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1038/s41591-022-01909-w$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1038/s41591-022-01909-w$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,777,781,882,27905,27906,41469,42538,51300</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35879616$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Subramanian, Anuradhaa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nirantharakumar, Krishnarajah</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hughes, Sarah</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Myles, Puja</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Williams, Tim</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gokhale, Krishna M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Taverner, Tom</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chandan, Joht Singh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brown, Kirsty</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Simms-Williams, Nikita</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shah, Anoop D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Singh, Megha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kidy, Farah</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Okoth, Kelvin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hotham, Richard</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bashir, Nasir</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cockburn, Neil</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Siang Ing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Turner, Grace M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gkoutos, Georgios V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aiyegbusi, Olalekan Lee</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McMullan, Christel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Denniston, Alastair K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sapey, Elizabeth</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lord, Janet M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wraith, David C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Leggett, Edward</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Iles, Clare</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Marshall, Tom</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Price, Malcolm J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Marwaha, Steven</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Davies, Elin Haf</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jackson, Louise J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Matthews, Karen L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Camaradou, Jenny</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Calvert, Melanie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Haroon, Shamil</creatorcontrib><title>Symptoms and risk factors for long COVID in non-hospitalized adults</title><title>Nature medicine</title><addtitle>Nat Med</addtitle><addtitle>Nat Med</addtitle><description>Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is associated with a range of persistent symptoms impacting everyday functioning, known as post-COVID-19 condition or long COVID. We undertook a retrospective matched cohort study using a UK-based primary care database, Clinical Practice Research Datalink Aurum, to determine symptoms that are associated with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection beyond 12 weeks in non-hospitalized adults and the risk factors associated with developing persistent symptoms. We selected 486,149 adults with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and 1,944,580 propensity score-matched adults with no recorded evidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Outcomes included 115 individual symptoms, as well as long COVID, defined as a composite outcome of 33 symptoms by the World Health Organization clinical case definition. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) for the outcomes. A total of 62 symptoms were significantly associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection after 12 weeks. The largest aHRs were for anosmia (aHR 6.49, 95% CI 5.02–8.39), hair loss (3.99, 3.63–4.39), sneezing (2.77, 1.40–5.50), ejaculation difficulty (2.63, 1.61–4.28) and reduced libido (2.36, 1.61–3.47). Among the cohort of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2, risk factors for long COVID included female sex, belonging to an ethnic minority, socioeconomic deprivation, smoking, obesity and a wide range of comorbidities. The risk of developing long COVID was also found to be increased along a gradient of decreasing age. SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with a plethora of symptoms that are associated with a range of sociodemographic and clinical risk factors.
A retrospective analysis of primary care records in the United Kingdom reveals individual symptoms associated with SARS-CoV-2 infections, which persisted for 12 weeks or more after infection, as well as risk factors associated with developing long COVID.</description><subject>692/1807/1809</subject><subject>692/499</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Adults</subject><subject>Anosmia</subject><subject>Biomedical and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Biomedicine</subject><subject>Cancer Research</subject><subject>Cohort Studies</subject><subject>Comorbidity</subject><subject>Coronaviruses</subject><subject>COVID-19</subject><subject>COVID-19 - complications</subject><subject>COVID-19 - epidemiology</subject><subject>Deprivation</subject><subject>Ejaculation</subject><subject>Ethnic factors</subject><subject>Ethnicity</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Health care</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Infections</subject><subject>Infectious Diseases</subject><subject>Long COVID</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Metabolic Diseases</subject><subject>Minority & ethnic groups</subject><subject>Minority Groups</subject><subject>Molecular Medicine</subject><subject>Neurosciences</subject><subject>Olfaction disorders</subject><subject>Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome</subject><subject>Primary care</subject><subject>Respiratory diseases</subject><subject>Retrospective Studies</subject><subject>Risk analysis</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>SARS-CoV-2</subject><subject>Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2</subject><subject>Sneezing</subject><subject>Statistical models</subject><subject>Viral diseases</subject><issn>1078-8956</issn><issn>1546-170X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>C6C</sourceid><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kU1PHSEUhkljU63tH-jCkLhxgwUOMLBpYq61mpi46Ee6I8gw17EzcIWZ3uivL-21WrtwdUjOc57DyYvQO0YPGQX9vggmDSOUc0KZoYasX6AdJoUirKHft-qbNppoI9U2el3KNaUUqDSv0DZI3RjF1A5afL4dV1MaC3axxbkvP3Dn_JRywV3KeEhxiRcX386OcR9xTJFcpbLqJzf0d6HFrp2HqbxBLzs3lPD2vu6irycfvyxOyfnFp7PF0TnxUtCJSOjMpXc0NJ61DTjNDRdaQusBOIDonNI0AFMgVBDAOqWdFr7hrYDWBQ676MPGu5ovx9D6EKfsBrvK_ejyrU2ut087sb-yy_TTGtAalKmCg3tBTjdzKJMd--LDMLgY0lwsV0YYWemmovv_oddpzrGeZ3lDq0xIKSrFN5TPqZQcuofPMGp_Z2Q3Gdmakf2TkV3Xob1_z3gY-RtKBWADlNqKy5Afdz-j_QWNEpze</recordid><startdate>20220801</startdate><enddate>20220801</enddate><creator>Subramanian, Anuradhaa</creator><creator>Nirantharakumar, Krishnarajah</creator><creator>Hughes, Sarah</creator><creator>Myles, Puja</creator><creator>Williams, Tim</creator><creator>Gokhale, Krishna M.</creator><creator>Taverner, Tom</creator><creator>Chandan, Joht Singh</creator><creator>Brown, Kirsty</creator><creator>Simms-Williams, Nikita</creator><creator>Shah, Anoop D.</creator><creator>Singh, Megha</creator><creator>Kidy, Farah</creator><creator>Okoth, Kelvin</creator><creator>Hotham, Richard</creator><creator>Bashir, Nasir</creator><creator>Cockburn, Neil</creator><creator>Lee, Siang Ing</creator><creator>Turner, Grace M.</creator><creator>Gkoutos, Georgios V.</creator><creator>Aiyegbusi, Olalekan Lee</creator><creator>McMullan, Christel</creator><creator>Denniston, Alastair K.</creator><creator>Sapey, Elizabeth</creator><creator>Lord, Janet M.</creator><creator>Wraith, David C.</creator><creator>Leggett, Edward</creator><creator>Iles, Clare</creator><creator>Marshall, Tom</creator><creator>Price, Malcolm J.</creator><creator>Marwaha, Steven</creator><creator>Davies, Elin Haf</creator><creator>Jackson, Louise J.</creator><creator>Matthews, Karen L.</creator><creator>Camaradou, Jenny</creator><creator>Calvert, Melanie</creator><creator>Haroon, Shamil</creator><general>Nature Publishing Group US</general><general>Nature Publishing Group</general><scope>C6C</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7QR</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7TO</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88A</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7849-0087</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2147-5614</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6816-1279</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0096-1413</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8492-0020</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9122-8251</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7416-7610</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5656-1198</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2061-091X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9561-5141</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9403-1593</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1856-837X</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20220801</creationdate><title>Symptoms and risk factors for long COVID in non-hospitalized adults</title><author>Subramanian, Anuradhaa ; Nirantharakumar, Krishnarajah ; Hughes, Sarah ; Myles, Puja ; Williams, Tim ; Gokhale, Krishna M. ; Taverner, Tom ; Chandan, Joht Singh ; Brown, Kirsty ; Simms-Williams, Nikita ; Shah, Anoop D. ; Singh, Megha ; Kidy, Farah ; Okoth, Kelvin ; Hotham, Richard ; Bashir, Nasir ; Cockburn, Neil ; Lee, Siang Ing ; Turner, Grace M. ; Gkoutos, Georgios V. ; Aiyegbusi, Olalekan Lee ; McMullan, Christel ; Denniston, Alastair K. ; Sapey, Elizabeth ; Lord, Janet M. ; Wraith, David C. ; Leggett, Edward ; Iles, Clare ; Marshall, Tom ; Price, Malcolm J. ; Marwaha, Steven ; Davies, Elin Haf ; Jackson, Louise J. ; Matthews, Karen L. ; Camaradou, Jenny ; Calvert, Melanie ; Haroon, Shamil</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c540t-53f9bca0e7c1d73a82924853dc332334fa680e316346e431f68a84c72d43dae23</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>692/1807/1809</topic><topic>692/499</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Adults</topic><topic>Anosmia</topic><topic>Biomedical and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Biomedicine</topic><topic>Cancer Research</topic><topic>Cohort Studies</topic><topic>Comorbidity</topic><topic>Coronaviruses</topic><topic>COVID-19</topic><topic>COVID-19 - complications</topic><topic>COVID-19 - epidemiology</topic><topic>Deprivation</topic><topic>Ejaculation</topic><topic>Ethnic factors</topic><topic>Ethnicity</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Health care</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Infections</topic><topic>Infectious Diseases</topic><topic>Long COVID</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Metabolic Diseases</topic><topic>Minority & ethnic groups</topic><topic>Minority Groups</topic><topic>Molecular Medicine</topic><topic>Neurosciences</topic><topic>Olfaction disorders</topic><topic>Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome</topic><topic>Primary care</topic><topic>Respiratory diseases</topic><topic>Retrospective Studies</topic><topic>Risk analysis</topic><topic>Risk Factors</topic><topic>SARS-CoV-2</topic><topic>Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2</topic><topic>Sneezing</topic><topic>Statistical models</topic><topic>Viral diseases</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Subramanian, Anuradhaa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nirantharakumar, Krishnarajah</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hughes, Sarah</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Myles, Puja</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Williams, Tim</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gokhale, Krishna M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Taverner, Tom</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chandan, Joht Singh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brown, Kirsty</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Simms-Williams, Nikita</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shah, Anoop D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Singh, Megha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kidy, Farah</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Okoth, Kelvin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hotham, Richard</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bashir, Nasir</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cockburn, Neil</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Siang Ing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Turner, Grace M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gkoutos, Georgios V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aiyegbusi, Olalekan Lee</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McMullan, Christel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Denniston, Alastair K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sapey, Elizabeth</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lord, Janet M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wraith, David C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Leggett, Edward</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Iles, Clare</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Marshall, Tom</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Price, Malcolm J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Marwaha, Steven</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Davies, Elin Haf</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jackson, Louise J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Matthews, Karen L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Camaradou, Jenny</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Calvert, Melanie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Haroon, Shamil</creatorcontrib><collection>Springer Nature OA/Free Journals</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>Chemoreception Abstracts</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Oncogenes and Growth Factors Abstracts</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Biology Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Research Library (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Research Library Prep</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Research Library</collection><collection>Science Database</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Research Library (Corporate)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Nature medicine</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Subramanian, Anuradhaa</au><au>Nirantharakumar, Krishnarajah</au><au>Hughes, Sarah</au><au>Myles, Puja</au><au>Williams, Tim</au><au>Gokhale, Krishna M.</au><au>Taverner, Tom</au><au>Chandan, Joht Singh</au><au>Brown, Kirsty</au><au>Simms-Williams, Nikita</au><au>Shah, Anoop D.</au><au>Singh, Megha</au><au>Kidy, Farah</au><au>Okoth, Kelvin</au><au>Hotham, Richard</au><au>Bashir, Nasir</au><au>Cockburn, Neil</au><au>Lee, Siang Ing</au><au>Turner, Grace M.</au><au>Gkoutos, Georgios V.</au><au>Aiyegbusi, Olalekan Lee</au><au>McMullan, Christel</au><au>Denniston, Alastair K.</au><au>Sapey, Elizabeth</au><au>Lord, Janet M.</au><au>Wraith, David C.</au><au>Leggett, Edward</au><au>Iles, Clare</au><au>Marshall, Tom</au><au>Price, Malcolm J.</au><au>Marwaha, Steven</au><au>Davies, Elin Haf</au><au>Jackson, Louise J.</au><au>Matthews, Karen L.</au><au>Camaradou, Jenny</au><au>Calvert, Melanie</au><au>Haroon, Shamil</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Symptoms and risk factors for long COVID in non-hospitalized adults</atitle><jtitle>Nature medicine</jtitle><stitle>Nat Med</stitle><addtitle>Nat Med</addtitle><date>2022-08-01</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>28</volume><issue>8</issue><spage>1706</spage><epage>1714</epage><pages>1706-1714</pages><issn>1078-8956</issn><eissn>1546-170X</eissn><abstract>Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is associated with a range of persistent symptoms impacting everyday functioning, known as post-COVID-19 condition or long COVID. We undertook a retrospective matched cohort study using a UK-based primary care database, Clinical Practice Research Datalink Aurum, to determine symptoms that are associated with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection beyond 12 weeks in non-hospitalized adults and the risk factors associated with developing persistent symptoms. We selected 486,149 adults with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and 1,944,580 propensity score-matched adults with no recorded evidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Outcomes included 115 individual symptoms, as well as long COVID, defined as a composite outcome of 33 symptoms by the World Health Organization clinical case definition. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) for the outcomes. A total of 62 symptoms were significantly associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection after 12 weeks. The largest aHRs were for anosmia (aHR 6.49, 95% CI 5.02–8.39), hair loss (3.99, 3.63–4.39), sneezing (2.77, 1.40–5.50), ejaculation difficulty (2.63, 1.61–4.28) and reduced libido (2.36, 1.61–3.47). Among the cohort of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2, risk factors for long COVID included female sex, belonging to an ethnic minority, socioeconomic deprivation, smoking, obesity and a wide range of comorbidities. The risk of developing long COVID was also found to be increased along a gradient of decreasing age. SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with a plethora of symptoms that are associated with a range of sociodemographic and clinical risk factors.
A retrospective analysis of primary care records in the United Kingdom reveals individual symptoms associated with SARS-CoV-2 infections, which persisted for 12 weeks or more after infection, as well as risk factors associated with developing long COVID.</abstract><cop>New York</cop><pub>Nature Publishing Group US</pub><pmid>35879616</pmid><doi>10.1038/s41591-022-01909-w</doi><tpages>9</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7849-0087</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2147-5614</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6816-1279</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0096-1413</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8492-0020</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9122-8251</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7416-7610</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5656-1198</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2061-091X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9561-5141</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9403-1593</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1856-837X</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1078-8956 |
| ispartof | Nature medicine, 2022-08, Vol.28 (8), p.1706-1714 |
| issn | 1078-8956 1546-170X |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_9388369 |
| source | MEDLINE; Nature Journals Online; SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings |
| subjects | 692/1807/1809 692/499 Adult Adults Anosmia Biomedical and Life Sciences Biomedicine Cancer Research Cohort Studies Comorbidity Coronaviruses COVID-19 COVID-19 - complications COVID-19 - epidemiology Deprivation Ejaculation Ethnic factors Ethnicity Female Health care Humans Infections Infectious Diseases Long COVID Male Metabolic Diseases Minority & ethnic groups Minority Groups Molecular Medicine Neurosciences Olfaction disorders Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome Primary care Respiratory diseases Retrospective Studies Risk analysis Risk Factors SARS-CoV-2 Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Sneezing Statistical models Viral diseases |
| title | Symptoms and risk factors for long COVID in non-hospitalized adults |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-18T09%3A52%3A49IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_pubme&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Symptoms%20and%20risk%20factors%20for%20long%20COVID%20in%20non-hospitalized%20adults&rft.jtitle=Nature%20medicine&rft.au=Subramanian,%20Anuradhaa&rft.date=2022-08-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1706&rft.epage=1714&rft.pages=1706-1714&rft.issn=1078-8956&rft.eissn=1546-170X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038/s41591-022-01909-w&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_pubme%3E2694959387%3C/proquest_pubme%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2703694554&rft_id=info:pmid/35879616&rfr_iscdi=true |