Effects of boric acid and potassium metaborate on cytokine levels and redox stress parameters in a wound model infected with methicillin‑resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections are usually found in hospital settings and, frequently, in patients with open wounds. One of the most critical virulence factors affecting the severity and recurrence of infections is the biofilm; increasing antibiotic resistance due to b...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Molecular medicine reports 2022-09, Vol.26 (3), Article 294 |
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| creator | Celebi, Demet Taghizadehghalehjoughi, Ali Baser, Sumeyye Genc, Sidika Yilmaz, Aysegul Yeni, Yesim Yesilyurt, Fatma Yildirim, Serkan Bolat, Ismail Kordali, Saban Yilmaz, Ferah Hacimuftuoglu, Ahmet Celebi, Ozgur Margina, Denisa Nitulescu, George Mihai Spandidos, Demetrios A Tsatsakis, Aristidis |
| description | Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections are usually found in hospital settings and, frequently, in patients with open wounds. One of the most critical virulence factors affecting the severity and recurrence of infections is the biofilm; increasing antibiotic resistance due to biofilm formation has led to the search for alternative compounds to antibiotics. The present study aimed to use boric acid and potassium metaborate against MRSA infection in a fibroblast wound model. For this purpose, a two-part experiment was designed: First, MRSA strains were used for the test, and both boric acid and potassium metaborate were prepared in microdilution. In the second step, an MRSA wound model was prepared using a fibroblast culture, and treatments with boric acid and potassium metaborate were applied for 24 h. For the evaluation of the effects of treatment, cell viability assay (MTT assay), analysis of redox stress parameters, including total oxidant status and total antioxidant capacity analyses, lactate dehydrogenase analysis and immunohistochemical staining were performed. In addition, IL-1[beta] and IL-10 gene expression levels were assayed. According to the results, potassium metaborate was more effective and exhibited a lower toxicity to fibroblast cells compared to boric acid; moreover, potassium metaborate decreased the level of prooxidant species and increased the antioxidant status more effectively than boric acid. The IL-1[beta] level in the bacteria group was high; however, boric acid and potassium metaborate significantly decreased the expression levels of inflammatory markers, exhibiting the potential to improve the resolution of the lesion. On the whole, the findings of the present study suggest that boric acid and potassium metaborate may be effective on the tested microorganisms. Key words: methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, boric acid, potassium metaborate, fibroblast, IL-1[beta] |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3892/mmr.2022.12809 |
| format | Article |
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One of the most critical virulence factors affecting the severity and recurrence of infections is the biofilm; increasing antibiotic resistance due to biofilm formation has led to the search for alternative compounds to antibiotics. The present study aimed to use boric acid and potassium metaborate against MRSA infection in a fibroblast wound model. For this purpose, a two-part experiment was designed: First, MRSA strains were used for the test, and both boric acid and potassium metaborate were prepared in microdilution. In the second step, an MRSA wound model was prepared using a fibroblast culture, and treatments with boric acid and potassium metaborate were applied for 24 h. For the evaluation of the effects of treatment, cell viability assay (MTT assay), analysis of redox stress parameters, including total oxidant status and total antioxidant capacity analyses, lactate dehydrogenase analysis and immunohistochemical staining were performed. In addition, IL-1[beta] and IL-10 gene expression levels were assayed. According to the results, potassium metaborate was more effective and exhibited a lower toxicity to fibroblast cells compared to boric acid; moreover, potassium metaborate decreased the level of prooxidant species and increased the antioxidant status more effectively than boric acid. The IL-1[beta] level in the bacteria group was high; however, boric acid and potassium metaborate significantly decreased the expression levels of inflammatory markers, exhibiting the potential to improve the resolution of the lesion. On the whole, the findings of the present study suggest that boric acid and potassium metaborate may be effective on the tested microorganisms. Key words: methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, boric acid, potassium metaborate, fibroblast, IL-1[beta]</description><identifier>ISSN: 1791-2997</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1791-3004</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12809</identifier><identifier>PMID: 35920188</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Athens: Spandidos Publications</publisher><subject>Acids ; Analysis ; Antibiotic resistance ; Antibiotics ; Antimicrobial agents ; Antioxidants ; Bacteria ; Biofilms ; Boric acid ; Boron ; Burns and scalds ; Care and treatment ; Cell culture ; Cell division ; Cell viability ; Contamination ; Dosage and administration ; Drug resistance ; Drug resistance in microorganisms ; Fibroblasts ; Gene expression ; IL-1β ; Inflammation ; Interleukin 10 ; L-Lactate dehydrogenase ; Laboratories ; Lactic acid ; Methicillin ; Microorganisms ; Nosocomial infections ; Oxidants ; Penicillin ; Potassium ; Prevention ; Proteins ; Risk factors ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Staphylococcus aureus infections ; Staphylococcus infections ; Tetracycline ; Tetracyclines ; Toxicity ; Virulence factors ; Wound healing</subject><ispartof>Molecular medicine reports, 2022-09, Vol.26 (3), Article 294</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2022 Spandidos Publications</rights><rights>Copyright Spandidos Publications UK Ltd. 2022</rights><rights>Copyright: © Celebi et al. 2022</rights><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c392t-b708f9bd5e685febaf56bb67faf182324922774c299a49151f35162d22735c843</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c392t-b708f9bd5e685febaf56bb67faf182324922774c299a49151f35162d22735c843</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>230,314,780,784,885,27924,27925</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Celebi, Demet</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Taghizadehghalehjoughi, Ali</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Baser, Sumeyye</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Genc, Sidika</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yilmaz, Aysegul</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yeni, Yesim</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yesilyurt, Fatma</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yildirim, Serkan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bolat, Ismail</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kordali, Saban</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yilmaz, Ferah</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hacimuftuoglu, Ahmet</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Celebi, Ozgur</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Margina, Denisa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nitulescu, George Mihai</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Spandidos, Demetrios A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tsatsakis, Aristidis</creatorcontrib><title>Effects of boric acid and potassium metaborate on cytokine levels and redox stress parameters in a wound model infected with methicillin‑resistant Staphylococcus aureus</title><title>Molecular medicine reports</title><description>Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections are usually found in hospital settings and, frequently, in patients with open wounds. One of the most critical virulence factors affecting the severity and recurrence of infections is the biofilm; increasing antibiotic resistance due to biofilm formation has led to the search for alternative compounds to antibiotics. The present study aimed to use boric acid and potassium metaborate against MRSA infection in a fibroblast wound model. For this purpose, a two-part experiment was designed: First, MRSA strains were used for the test, and both boric acid and potassium metaborate were prepared in microdilution. In the second step, an MRSA wound model was prepared using a fibroblast culture, and treatments with boric acid and potassium metaborate were applied for 24 h. For the evaluation of the effects of treatment, cell viability assay (MTT assay), analysis of redox stress parameters, including total oxidant status and total antioxidant capacity analyses, lactate dehydrogenase analysis and immunohistochemical staining were performed. In addition, IL-1[beta] and IL-10 gene expression levels were assayed. According to the results, potassium metaborate was more effective and exhibited a lower toxicity to fibroblast cells compared to boric acid; moreover, potassium metaborate decreased the level of prooxidant species and increased the antioxidant status more effectively than boric acid. The IL-1[beta] level in the bacteria group was high; however, boric acid and potassium metaborate significantly decreased the expression levels of inflammatory markers, exhibiting the potential to improve the resolution of the lesion. On the whole, the findings of the present study suggest that boric acid and potassium metaborate may be effective on the tested microorganisms. Key words: methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, boric acid, potassium metaborate, fibroblast, IL-1[beta]</description><subject>Acids</subject><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Antibiotic resistance</subject><subject>Antibiotics</subject><subject>Antimicrobial agents</subject><subject>Antioxidants</subject><subject>Bacteria</subject><subject>Biofilms</subject><subject>Boric acid</subject><subject>Boron</subject><subject>Burns and scalds</subject><subject>Care and treatment</subject><subject>Cell culture</subject><subject>Cell division</subject><subject>Cell viability</subject><subject>Contamination</subject><subject>Dosage and administration</subject><subject>Drug resistance</subject><subject>Drug resistance in microorganisms</subject><subject>Fibroblasts</subject><subject>Gene expression</subject><subject>IL-1β</subject><subject>Inflammation</subject><subject>Interleukin 10</subject><subject>L-Lactate dehydrogenase</subject><subject>Laboratories</subject><subject>Lactic acid</subject><subject>Methicillin</subject><subject>Microorganisms</subject><subject>Nosocomial infections</subject><subject>Oxidants</subject><subject>Penicillin</subject><subject>Potassium</subject><subject>Prevention</subject><subject>Proteins</subject><subject>Risk factors</subject><subject>Staphylococcus aureus</subject><subject>Staphylococcus aureus infections</subject><subject>Staphylococcus infections</subject><subject>Tetracycline</subject><subject>Tetracyclines</subject><subject>Toxicity</subject><subject>Virulence factors</subject><subject>Wound healing</subject><issn>1791-2997</issn><issn>1791-3004</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNptUstuFDEQHCEQCQtXzpa4cNnFj_GMfUGKovCQInEAzpbH0846eOzF9iTZG7_Ab-Sz8iV4wgoBinxoq7u6StWqpnlJ8IYJSd9MU9pQTOmGUIHlo-aY9JKsGcbt48OfStkfNc9yvsS445TLp80R45JiIsRxc3tmLZiSUbRoiMkZpI0bkQ4j2sWic3bzhCYoug51ARQDMvsSv7kAyMMV-HyPTTDGG5RLgpzRTiddVyBl5ALS6DrOFTLFEXxtLHIwomtXtgvx1hnnvQt3P37WZZeLDgV9Lnq33ftoojFzVZgTzPl588Rqn-HFoa6ar-_Ovpx-WJ9_ev_x9OR8bZikZT30WFg5jBw6wS0M2vJuGLreaksEZbSVlPZ9a-pddCsJJ5Zx0tGxdhk3omWr5u1v3t08TDAaCCVpr3bJTTrtVdRO_TsJbqsu4pWSrOsIF5Xg9YEgxe8z5KImlw14rwPEOSvayb7rqeCyQl_9B72McwrVnqI9xlJS9jfqQntQ9YSx6pqFVJ30pK2eRHW2ajYPoOobYXImBrCu9h9aMCnmnMD-8UiwWtKlarrUki51ny72C8O2xYY</recordid><startdate>20220901</startdate><enddate>20220901</enddate><creator>Celebi, Demet</creator><creator>Taghizadehghalehjoughi, Ali</creator><creator>Baser, Sumeyye</creator><creator>Genc, Sidika</creator><creator>Yilmaz, Aysegul</creator><creator>Yeni, Yesim</creator><creator>Yesilyurt, Fatma</creator><creator>Yildirim, Serkan</creator><creator>Bolat, Ismail</creator><creator>Kordali, Saban</creator><creator>Yilmaz, Ferah</creator><creator>Hacimuftuoglu, Ahmet</creator><creator>Celebi, Ozgur</creator><creator>Margina, Denisa</creator><creator>Nitulescu, George Mihai</creator><creator>Spandidos, Demetrios A</creator><creator>Tsatsakis, Aristidis</creator><general>Spandidos Publications</general><general>Spandidos Publications UK Ltd</general><general>D.A. 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Baser, Sumeyye ; Genc, Sidika ; Yilmaz, Aysegul ; Yeni, Yesim ; Yesilyurt, Fatma ; Yildirim, Serkan ; Bolat, Ismail ; Kordali, Saban ; Yilmaz, Ferah ; Hacimuftuoglu, Ahmet ; Celebi, Ozgur ; Margina, Denisa ; Nitulescu, George Mihai ; Spandidos, Demetrios A ; Tsatsakis, Aristidis</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c392t-b708f9bd5e685febaf56bb67faf182324922774c299a49151f35162d22735c843</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Acids</topic><topic>Analysis</topic><topic>Antibiotic resistance</topic><topic>Antibiotics</topic><topic>Antimicrobial agents</topic><topic>Antioxidants</topic><topic>Bacteria</topic><topic>Biofilms</topic><topic>Boric acid</topic><topic>Boron</topic><topic>Burns and scalds</topic><topic>Care and treatment</topic><topic>Cell culture</topic><topic>Cell division</topic><topic>Cell viability</topic><topic>Contamination</topic><topic>Dosage and administration</topic><topic>Drug resistance</topic><topic>Drug resistance in microorganisms</topic><topic>Fibroblasts</topic><topic>Gene expression</topic><topic>IL-1β</topic><topic>Inflammation</topic><topic>Interleukin 10</topic><topic>L-Lactate dehydrogenase</topic><topic>Laboratories</topic><topic>Lactic acid</topic><topic>Methicillin</topic><topic>Microorganisms</topic><topic>Nosocomial infections</topic><topic>Oxidants</topic><topic>Penicillin</topic><topic>Potassium</topic><topic>Prevention</topic><topic>Proteins</topic><topic>Risk factors</topic><topic>Staphylococcus aureus</topic><topic>Staphylococcus aureus infections</topic><topic>Staphylococcus infections</topic><topic>Tetracycline</topic><topic>Tetracyclines</topic><topic>Toxicity</topic><topic>Virulence factors</topic><topic>Wound healing</topic><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Celebi, 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Ali</au><au>Baser, Sumeyye</au><au>Genc, Sidika</au><au>Yilmaz, Aysegul</au><au>Yeni, Yesim</au><au>Yesilyurt, Fatma</au><au>Yildirim, Serkan</au><au>Bolat, Ismail</au><au>Kordali, Saban</au><au>Yilmaz, Ferah</au><au>Hacimuftuoglu, Ahmet</au><au>Celebi, Ozgur</au><au>Margina, Denisa</au><au>Nitulescu, George Mihai</au><au>Spandidos, Demetrios A</au><au>Tsatsakis, Aristidis</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Effects of boric acid and potassium metaborate on cytokine levels and redox stress parameters in a wound model infected with methicillin‑resistant Staphylococcus aureus</atitle><jtitle>Molecular medicine reports</jtitle><date>2022-09-01</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>26</volume><issue>3</issue><artnum>294</artnum><issn>1791-2997</issn><eissn>1791-3004</eissn><abstract>Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections are usually found in hospital settings and, frequently, in patients with open wounds. One of the most critical virulence factors affecting the severity and recurrence of infections is the biofilm; increasing antibiotic resistance due to biofilm formation has led to the search for alternative compounds to antibiotics. The present study aimed to use boric acid and potassium metaborate against MRSA infection in a fibroblast wound model. For this purpose, a two-part experiment was designed: First, MRSA strains were used for the test, and both boric acid and potassium metaborate were prepared in microdilution. In the second step, an MRSA wound model was prepared using a fibroblast culture, and treatments with boric acid and potassium metaborate were applied for 24 h. For the evaluation of the effects of treatment, cell viability assay (MTT assay), analysis of redox stress parameters, including total oxidant status and total antioxidant capacity analyses, lactate dehydrogenase analysis and immunohistochemical staining were performed. In addition, IL-1[beta] and IL-10 gene expression levels were assayed. According to the results, potassium metaborate was more effective and exhibited a lower toxicity to fibroblast cells compared to boric acid; moreover, potassium metaborate decreased the level of prooxidant species and increased the antioxidant status more effectively than boric acid. The IL-1[beta] level in the bacteria group was high; however, boric acid and potassium metaborate significantly decreased the expression levels of inflammatory markers, exhibiting the potential to improve the resolution of the lesion. On the whole, the findings of the present study suggest that boric acid and potassium metaborate may be effective on the tested microorganisms. Key words: methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, boric acid, potassium metaborate, fibroblast, IL-1[beta]</abstract><cop>Athens</cop><pub>Spandidos Publications</pub><pmid>35920188</pmid><doi>10.3892/mmr.2022.12809</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
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| ispartof | Molecular medicine reports, 2022-09, Vol.26 (3), Article 294 |
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| recordid | cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_9366158 |
| source | Spandidos Publications Journals; Alma/SFX Local Collection; EZB Electronic Journals Library |
| subjects | Acids Analysis Antibiotic resistance Antibiotics Antimicrobial agents Antioxidants Bacteria Biofilms Boric acid Boron Burns and scalds Care and treatment Cell culture Cell division Cell viability Contamination Dosage and administration Drug resistance Drug resistance in microorganisms Fibroblasts Gene expression IL-1β Inflammation Interleukin 10 L-Lactate dehydrogenase Laboratories Lactic acid Methicillin Microorganisms Nosocomial infections Oxidants Penicillin Potassium Prevention Proteins Risk factors Staphylococcus aureus Staphylococcus aureus infections Staphylococcus infections Tetracycline Tetracyclines Toxicity Virulence factors Wound healing |
| title | Effects of boric acid and potassium metaborate on cytokine levels and redox stress parameters in a wound model infected with methicillin‑resistant Staphylococcus aureus |
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