Siponimod vs placebo in active secondary progressive multiple sclerosis: a post hoc analysis from the phase 3 EXPAND study
Background Siponimod is a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor modulator approved for active secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (aSPMS) in most countries; however, phase 3 EXPAND study data are from an SPMS population with/without disease activity. A need exists to characterize efficacy/safety of...
Gespeichert in:
| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of neurology 2022-09, Vol.269 (9), p.5093-5104 |
|---|---|
| Hauptverfasser: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format: | Artikel |
| Sprache: | eng |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
| Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
| container_end_page | 5104 |
|---|---|
| container_issue | 9 |
| container_start_page | 5093 |
| container_title | Journal of neurology |
| container_volume | 269 |
| creator | Gold, Ralf Piani-Meier, Daniela Kappos, Ludwig Bar-Or, Amit Vermersch, Patrick Giovannoni, Gavin Fox, Robert J. Arnold, Douglas L. Benedict, Ralph H. B. Penner, Iris-Katharina Rouyrre, Nicolas Kilaru, Ajay Karlsson, Göril Ritter, Shannon Dahlke, Frank Hach, Thomas Cree, Bruce A. C. |
| description | Background
Siponimod is a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor modulator approved for active secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (aSPMS) in most countries; however, phase 3 EXPAND study data are from an SPMS population with/without disease activity. A need exists to characterize efficacy/safety of siponimod in aSPMS.
Methods
Post hoc analysis of participants with aSPMS (≥ 1 relapse in 2 years before study and/or ≥ 1 T1 gadolinium-enhancing [Gd +] magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] lesions at baseline) receiving oral siponimod (2 mg/day) or placebo for up to 3 years in EXPAND. Endpoints: 3-month/6-month confirmed disability progression (3mCDP/6mCDP); 3-month confirmed ≥ 20% worsening in Timed 25-Foot Walk (T25FW); 6-month confirmed improvement/worsening in Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) scores (≥ 4-point change); T2 lesion volume (T2LV) change from baseline; number of T1 Gd + lesions baseline–month 24; number of new/enlarging (N/E) T2 lesions over all visits.
Results
Data from 779 participants with aSPMS were analysed. Siponimod reduced risk of 3mCDP/6mCDP vs placebo (by 31%/37%, respectively;
p
|
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s00415-022-11166-z |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_9363350</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2700156432</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c474t-2f3a5339519f0eb130faa3e3d4c3c9c2013997d3917a9c97c27dd23b2aa0137a3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9kU9v1DAQxS1ERZfCF-CALHHhEhh74hhzQKpKoUgVIAESN8vrOLuunDi1k5V2P329bFv-HDhZnvebZ888Qp4xeMUA5OsMUDNRAecVY6xpqt0DsmA1lmst1EOyAKyhEijqY_I45ysAeFOER-QYRYOKKbkgu29-jIPvY0s3mY7BWLeM1A_U2MlvHM3OxqE1aUvHFFfJ5byv9nOY_BiKbINLMfv8lho6xjzRdbTUDCZsS5F2KfZ0Wjs6rk12FOn5z6-nn9_TPM3t9gk56kzI7unteUJ-fDj_fnZRXX75-Ons9LKytaynindoBKISTHXglgyhMwYdtrVFqywHhkrJtswjjbJKWi7bluOSG1MkafCEvDv4jvOyd611w5RM0GPyfZlLR-P138rg13oVN1phgyigGLy8NUjxenZ50r3P1oVgBhfnrHkjOXLewB598Q96FedU1lEoCcBEU-IpFD9QtuwuJ9fdf4aB3kerD9HqEq3-Fa3elabnf45x33KXZQHwAOQiDSuXfr_9H9sbTiCxAg</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2700156432</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Siponimod vs placebo in active secondary progressive multiple sclerosis: a post hoc analysis from the phase 3 EXPAND study</title><source>SpringerLink Journals</source><creator>Gold, Ralf ; Piani-Meier, Daniela ; Kappos, Ludwig ; Bar-Or, Amit ; Vermersch, Patrick ; Giovannoni, Gavin ; Fox, Robert J. ; Arnold, Douglas L. ; Benedict, Ralph H. B. ; Penner, Iris-Katharina ; Rouyrre, Nicolas ; Kilaru, Ajay ; Karlsson, Göril ; Ritter, Shannon ; Dahlke, Frank ; Hach, Thomas ; Cree, Bruce A. C.</creator><creatorcontrib>Gold, Ralf ; Piani-Meier, Daniela ; Kappos, Ludwig ; Bar-Or, Amit ; Vermersch, Patrick ; Giovannoni, Gavin ; Fox, Robert J. ; Arnold, Douglas L. ; Benedict, Ralph H. B. ; Penner, Iris-Katharina ; Rouyrre, Nicolas ; Kilaru, Ajay ; Karlsson, Göril ; Ritter, Shannon ; Dahlke, Frank ; Hach, Thomas ; Cree, Bruce A. C.</creatorcontrib><description>Background
Siponimod is a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor modulator approved for active secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (aSPMS) in most countries; however, phase 3 EXPAND study data are from an SPMS population with/without disease activity. A need exists to characterize efficacy/safety of siponimod in aSPMS.
Methods
Post hoc analysis of participants with aSPMS (≥ 1 relapse in 2 years before study and/or ≥ 1 T1 gadolinium-enhancing [Gd +] magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] lesions at baseline) receiving oral siponimod (2 mg/day) or placebo for up to 3 years in EXPAND. Endpoints: 3-month/6-month confirmed disability progression (3mCDP/6mCDP); 3-month confirmed ≥ 20% worsening in Timed 25-Foot Walk (T25FW); 6-month confirmed improvement/worsening in Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) scores (≥ 4-point change); T2 lesion volume (T2LV) change from baseline; number of T1 Gd + lesions baseline–month 24; number of new/enlarging (N/E) T2 lesions over all visits.
Results
Data from 779 participants with aSPMS were analysed. Siponimod reduced risk of 3mCDP/6mCDP vs placebo (by 31%/37%, respectively;
p
< 0.01); there was no significant effect on T25FW. Siponimod increased likelihood of 6-month confirmed SDMT improvement vs placebo (by 62%;
p
= 0.007) and reduced risk of 6-month confirmed SDMT worsening (by 27%;
p
= 0.060). Siponimod was associated with less increase in T2LV (1316.3 vs 13.3 mm
3
;
p
< 0.0001), and fewer T1 Gd + and N/E T2 lesions than placebo (85% and 80% reductions, respectively;
p
< 0.0001).
Conclusions
In aSPMS, siponimod reduced risk of disability progression and was associated with benefits on cognition and MRI outcomes vs placebo.
Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov number
: NCT01665144.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0340-5354</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1432-1459</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00415-022-11166-z</identifier><identifier>PMID: 35639197</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher><subject>Cognition ; Gadolinium ; Lesions ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Medicine ; Medicine & Public Health ; Multiple sclerosis ; NCT ; NCT01665144 ; Neurology ; Neuroradiology ; Neurosciences ; Original Communication ; Placebos ; Sphingosine 1-phosphate</subject><ispartof>Journal of neurology, 2022-09, Vol.269 (9), p.5093-5104</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2022</rights><rights>2022. The Author(s).</rights><rights>The Author(s) 2022. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c474t-2f3a5339519f0eb130faa3e3d4c3c9c2013997d3917a9c97c27dd23b2aa0137a3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c474t-2f3a5339519f0eb130faa3e3d4c3c9c2013997d3917a9c97c27dd23b2aa0137a3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00415-022-11166-z$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00415-022-11166-z$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,776,780,881,27901,27902,41464,42533,51294</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35639197$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Gold, Ralf</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Piani-Meier, Daniela</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kappos, Ludwig</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bar-Or, Amit</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vermersch, Patrick</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Giovannoni, Gavin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fox, Robert J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Arnold, Douglas L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Benedict, Ralph H. B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Penner, Iris-Katharina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rouyrre, Nicolas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kilaru, Ajay</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Karlsson, Göril</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ritter, Shannon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dahlke, Frank</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hach, Thomas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cree, Bruce A. C.</creatorcontrib><title>Siponimod vs placebo in active secondary progressive multiple sclerosis: a post hoc analysis from the phase 3 EXPAND study</title><title>Journal of neurology</title><addtitle>J Neurol</addtitle><addtitle>J Neurol</addtitle><description>Background
Siponimod is a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor modulator approved for active secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (aSPMS) in most countries; however, phase 3 EXPAND study data are from an SPMS population with/without disease activity. A need exists to characterize efficacy/safety of siponimod in aSPMS.
Methods
Post hoc analysis of participants with aSPMS (≥ 1 relapse in 2 years before study and/or ≥ 1 T1 gadolinium-enhancing [Gd +] magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] lesions at baseline) receiving oral siponimod (2 mg/day) or placebo for up to 3 years in EXPAND. Endpoints: 3-month/6-month confirmed disability progression (3mCDP/6mCDP); 3-month confirmed ≥ 20% worsening in Timed 25-Foot Walk (T25FW); 6-month confirmed improvement/worsening in Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) scores (≥ 4-point change); T2 lesion volume (T2LV) change from baseline; number of T1 Gd + lesions baseline–month 24; number of new/enlarging (N/E) T2 lesions over all visits.
Results
Data from 779 participants with aSPMS were analysed. Siponimod reduced risk of 3mCDP/6mCDP vs placebo (by 31%/37%, respectively;
p
< 0.01); there was no significant effect on T25FW. Siponimod increased likelihood of 6-month confirmed SDMT improvement vs placebo (by 62%;
p
= 0.007) and reduced risk of 6-month confirmed SDMT worsening (by 27%;
p
= 0.060). Siponimod was associated with less increase in T2LV (1316.3 vs 13.3 mm
3
;
p
< 0.0001), and fewer T1 Gd + and N/E T2 lesions than placebo (85% and 80% reductions, respectively;
p
< 0.0001).
Conclusions
In aSPMS, siponimod reduced risk of disability progression and was associated with benefits on cognition and MRI outcomes vs placebo.
Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov number
: NCT01665144.</description><subject>Cognition</subject><subject>Gadolinium</subject><subject>Lesions</subject><subject>Magnetic resonance imaging</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Medicine & Public Health</subject><subject>Multiple sclerosis</subject><subject>NCT</subject><subject>NCT01665144</subject><subject>Neurology</subject><subject>Neuroradiology</subject><subject>Neurosciences</subject><subject>Original Communication</subject><subject>Placebos</subject><subject>Sphingosine 1-phosphate</subject><issn>0340-5354</issn><issn>1432-1459</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>C6C</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kU9v1DAQxS1ERZfCF-CALHHhEhh74hhzQKpKoUgVIAESN8vrOLuunDi1k5V2P329bFv-HDhZnvebZ888Qp4xeMUA5OsMUDNRAecVY6xpqt0DsmA1lmst1EOyAKyhEijqY_I45ysAeFOER-QYRYOKKbkgu29-jIPvY0s3mY7BWLeM1A_U2MlvHM3OxqE1aUvHFFfJ5byv9nOY_BiKbINLMfv8lho6xjzRdbTUDCZsS5F2KfZ0Wjs6rk12FOn5z6-nn9_TPM3t9gk56kzI7unteUJ-fDj_fnZRXX75-Ons9LKytaynindoBKISTHXglgyhMwYdtrVFqywHhkrJtswjjbJKWi7bluOSG1MkafCEvDv4jvOyd611w5RM0GPyfZlLR-P138rg13oVN1phgyigGLy8NUjxenZ50r3P1oVgBhfnrHkjOXLewB598Q96FedU1lEoCcBEU-IpFD9QtuwuJ9fdf4aB3kerD9HqEq3-Fa3elabnf45x33KXZQHwAOQiDSuXfr_9H9sbTiCxAg</recordid><startdate>20220901</startdate><enddate>20220901</enddate><creator>Gold, Ralf</creator><creator>Piani-Meier, Daniela</creator><creator>Kappos, Ludwig</creator><creator>Bar-Or, Amit</creator><creator>Vermersch, Patrick</creator><creator>Giovannoni, Gavin</creator><creator>Fox, Robert J.</creator><creator>Arnold, Douglas L.</creator><creator>Benedict, Ralph H. B.</creator><creator>Penner, Iris-Katharina</creator><creator>Rouyrre, Nicolas</creator><creator>Kilaru, Ajay</creator><creator>Karlsson, Göril</creator><creator>Ritter, Shannon</creator><creator>Dahlke, Frank</creator><creator>Hach, Thomas</creator><creator>Cree, Bruce A. C.</creator><general>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>C6C</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20220901</creationdate><title>Siponimod vs placebo in active secondary progressive multiple sclerosis: a post hoc analysis from the phase 3 EXPAND study</title><author>Gold, Ralf ; Piani-Meier, Daniela ; Kappos, Ludwig ; Bar-Or, Amit ; Vermersch, Patrick ; Giovannoni, Gavin ; Fox, Robert J. ; Arnold, Douglas L. ; Benedict, Ralph H. B. ; Penner, Iris-Katharina ; Rouyrre, Nicolas ; Kilaru, Ajay ; Karlsson, Göril ; Ritter, Shannon ; Dahlke, Frank ; Hach, Thomas ; Cree, Bruce A. C.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c474t-2f3a5339519f0eb130faa3e3d4c3c9c2013997d3917a9c97c27dd23b2aa0137a3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Cognition</topic><topic>Gadolinium</topic><topic>Lesions</topic><topic>Magnetic resonance imaging</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Medicine & Public Health</topic><topic>Multiple sclerosis</topic><topic>NCT</topic><topic>NCT01665144</topic><topic>Neurology</topic><topic>Neuroradiology</topic><topic>Neurosciences</topic><topic>Original Communication</topic><topic>Placebos</topic><topic>Sphingosine 1-phosphate</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Gold, Ralf</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Piani-Meier, Daniela</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kappos, Ludwig</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bar-Or, Amit</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vermersch, Patrick</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Giovannoni, Gavin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fox, Robert J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Arnold, Douglas L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Benedict, Ralph H. B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Penner, Iris-Katharina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rouyrre, Nicolas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kilaru, Ajay</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Karlsson, Göril</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ritter, Shannon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dahlke, Frank</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hach, Thomas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cree, Bruce A. C.</creatorcontrib><collection>Springer Nature OA Free Journals</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Journal of neurology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Gold, Ralf</au><au>Piani-Meier, Daniela</au><au>Kappos, Ludwig</au><au>Bar-Or, Amit</au><au>Vermersch, Patrick</au><au>Giovannoni, Gavin</au><au>Fox, Robert J.</au><au>Arnold, Douglas L.</au><au>Benedict, Ralph H. B.</au><au>Penner, Iris-Katharina</au><au>Rouyrre, Nicolas</au><au>Kilaru, Ajay</au><au>Karlsson, Göril</au><au>Ritter, Shannon</au><au>Dahlke, Frank</au><au>Hach, Thomas</au><au>Cree, Bruce A. C.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Siponimod vs placebo in active secondary progressive multiple sclerosis: a post hoc analysis from the phase 3 EXPAND study</atitle><jtitle>Journal of neurology</jtitle><stitle>J Neurol</stitle><addtitle>J Neurol</addtitle><date>2022-09-01</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>269</volume><issue>9</issue><spage>5093</spage><epage>5104</epage><pages>5093-5104</pages><issn>0340-5354</issn><eissn>1432-1459</eissn><abstract>Background
Siponimod is a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor modulator approved for active secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (aSPMS) in most countries; however, phase 3 EXPAND study data are from an SPMS population with/without disease activity. A need exists to characterize efficacy/safety of siponimod in aSPMS.
Methods
Post hoc analysis of participants with aSPMS (≥ 1 relapse in 2 years before study and/or ≥ 1 T1 gadolinium-enhancing [Gd +] magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] lesions at baseline) receiving oral siponimod (2 mg/day) or placebo for up to 3 years in EXPAND. Endpoints: 3-month/6-month confirmed disability progression (3mCDP/6mCDP); 3-month confirmed ≥ 20% worsening in Timed 25-Foot Walk (T25FW); 6-month confirmed improvement/worsening in Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) scores (≥ 4-point change); T2 lesion volume (T2LV) change from baseline; number of T1 Gd + lesions baseline–month 24; number of new/enlarging (N/E) T2 lesions over all visits.
Results
Data from 779 participants with aSPMS were analysed. Siponimod reduced risk of 3mCDP/6mCDP vs placebo (by 31%/37%, respectively;
p
< 0.01); there was no significant effect on T25FW. Siponimod increased likelihood of 6-month confirmed SDMT improvement vs placebo (by 62%;
p
= 0.007) and reduced risk of 6-month confirmed SDMT worsening (by 27%;
p
= 0.060). Siponimod was associated with less increase in T2LV (1316.3 vs 13.3 mm
3
;
p
< 0.0001), and fewer T1 Gd + and N/E T2 lesions than placebo (85% and 80% reductions, respectively;
p
< 0.0001).
Conclusions
In aSPMS, siponimod reduced risk of disability progression and was associated with benefits on cognition and MRI outcomes vs placebo.
Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov number
: NCT01665144.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</pub><pmid>35639197</pmid><doi>10.1007/s00415-022-11166-z</doi><tpages>12</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0340-5354 |
| ispartof | Journal of neurology, 2022-09, Vol.269 (9), p.5093-5104 |
| issn | 0340-5354 1432-1459 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_9363350 |
| source | SpringerLink Journals |
| subjects | Cognition Gadolinium Lesions Magnetic resonance imaging Medicine Medicine & Public Health Multiple sclerosis NCT NCT01665144 Neurology Neuroradiology Neurosciences Original Communication Placebos Sphingosine 1-phosphate |
| title | Siponimod vs placebo in active secondary progressive multiple sclerosis: a post hoc analysis from the phase 3 EXPAND study |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-02-07T08%3A14%3A25IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_pubme&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Siponimod%20vs%20placebo%20in%20active%20secondary%20progressive%20multiple%20sclerosis:%20a%20post%20hoc%20analysis%20from%20the%20phase%203%20EXPAND%20study&rft.jtitle=Journal%20of%20neurology&rft.au=Gold,%20Ralf&rft.date=2022-09-01&rft.volume=269&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=5093&rft.epage=5104&rft.pages=5093-5104&rft.issn=0340-5354&rft.eissn=1432-1459&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007/s00415-022-11166-z&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_pubme%3E2700156432%3C/proquest_pubme%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2700156432&rft_id=info:pmid/35639197&rfr_iscdi=true |