Localization of vasoactive intestinal peptide and toll‐like receptor 2 immunoreactive cells in endostyle of urochordate Styela plicata (Lesueur, 1823)
The endostyle is the first component of the ascidian digestive tract, it is shaped like a through and is located in the pharynx's ventral wall. This organ is divided longitudinally into nine zones that are parallel to each other. Each zone's cells are physically and functionally distinct....
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Microscopy research and technique 2022-07, Vol.85 (7), p.2651-2658 |
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| creator | Alesci, Alessio Pergolizzi, Simona Lo Cascio, Patrizia Capillo, Gioele Lauriano, Eugenia Rita |
| description | The endostyle is the first component of the ascidian digestive tract, it is shaped like a through and is located in the pharynx's ventral wall. This organ is divided longitudinally into nine zones that are parallel to each other. Each zone's cells are physically and functionally distinct. Support elements are found in zones 1, 3, and 5, while mucoproteins secreting elements related to the filtering function are found in zones 2, 4, and 6. Zones 7, 8, and 9, which are located in the lateral dorsal section of the endostyle, include cells with high iodine and peroxidase concentrations. Immunohistochemical technique using the following antibodies, Toll‐like receptor 2 (TLR‐2) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), and lectin histochemistry (WGA—wheat‐germagglutinin), were used in this investigation to define immune cells in the endostyle of Styela plicata (Lesueur, 1823). Our results demonstrate the presence of immune cells in the endostyle of S. plicata, highlighting that innate immune mechanisms are highly conserved in the phylogeny of the chordates.
Research highlights
Immune cells positive to TLR‐2 and VIP in the endostyle of Styela plicata.
Expression of WGA in several zones of endostyle.
Use of comparative biology to improve the knowledge about immunology in ascidians.
From left to right: Styela plicata photographed in its natural environment; morphological staining (May‐Grünwald‐Giemsa) of a section from the endostyle; immunoistochemical localization of VIP and TLR2 in endostyle. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1002/jemt.24119 |
| format | Article |
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Research highlights
Immune cells positive to TLR‐2 and VIP in the endostyle of Styela plicata.
Expression of WGA in several zones of endostyle.
Use of comparative biology to improve the knowledge about immunology in ascidians.
From left to right: Styela plicata photographed in its natural environment; morphological staining (May‐Grünwald‐Giemsa) of a section from the endostyle; immunoistochemical localization of VIP and TLR2 in endostyle.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1059-910X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1097-0029</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24119</identifier><identifier>PMID: 35394101</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Hoboken, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc</publisher><subject>Antibodies ; endostyle ; Gastrointestinal tract ; Histochemistry ; immune cells ; Immune system ; Immunology ; Intestine ; Iodine ; Localization ; Mucin ; Peptides ; Peroxidase ; Pharynx ; Phylogeny ; Proteins ; Receptors ; Styela plicata ; TLR2 ; Vasoactive agents ; Vasoactive intestinal peptide ; VIP ; WGA</subject><ispartof>Microscopy research and technique, 2022-07, Vol.85 (7), p.2651-2658</ispartof><rights>2022 The Authors. published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.</rights><rights>2022 The Authors. Microscopy Research and Technique published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.</rights><rights>2022. This article is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4489-a08aa4b584adde26cfebed0a614eefab16b939008a7a41d487a1b6e7c8859d723</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4489-a08aa4b584adde26cfebed0a614eefab16b939008a7a41d487a1b6e7c8859d723</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-2002-1138</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002%2Fjemt.24119$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002%2Fjemt.24119$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,780,784,885,1417,27924,27925,45574,45575</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35394101$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Alesci, Alessio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pergolizzi, Simona</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lo Cascio, Patrizia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Capillo, Gioele</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lauriano, Eugenia Rita</creatorcontrib><title>Localization of vasoactive intestinal peptide and toll‐like receptor 2 immunoreactive cells in endostyle of urochordate Styela plicata (Lesueur, 1823)</title><title>Microscopy research and technique</title><addtitle>Microsc Res Tech</addtitle><description>The endostyle is the first component of the ascidian digestive tract, it is shaped like a through and is located in the pharynx's ventral wall. This organ is divided longitudinally into nine zones that are parallel to each other. Each zone's cells are physically and functionally distinct. Support elements are found in zones 1, 3, and 5, while mucoproteins secreting elements related to the filtering function are found in zones 2, 4, and 6. Zones 7, 8, and 9, which are located in the lateral dorsal section of the endostyle, include cells with high iodine and peroxidase concentrations. Immunohistochemical technique using the following antibodies, Toll‐like receptor 2 (TLR‐2) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), and lectin histochemistry (WGA—wheat‐germagglutinin), were used in this investigation to define immune cells in the endostyle of Styela plicata (Lesueur, 1823). Our results demonstrate the presence of immune cells in the endostyle of S. plicata, highlighting that innate immune mechanisms are highly conserved in the phylogeny of the chordates.
Research highlights
Immune cells positive to TLR‐2 and VIP in the endostyle of Styela plicata.
Expression of WGA in several zones of endostyle.
Use of comparative biology to improve the knowledge about immunology in ascidians.
From left to right: Styela plicata photographed in its natural environment; morphological staining (May‐Grünwald‐Giemsa) of a section from the endostyle; immunoistochemical localization of VIP and TLR2 in endostyle.</description><subject>Antibodies</subject><subject>endostyle</subject><subject>Gastrointestinal tract</subject><subject>Histochemistry</subject><subject>immune cells</subject><subject>Immune system</subject><subject>Immunology</subject><subject>Intestine</subject><subject>Iodine</subject><subject>Localization</subject><subject>Mucin</subject><subject>Peptides</subject><subject>Peroxidase</subject><subject>Pharynx</subject><subject>Phylogeny</subject><subject>Proteins</subject><subject>Receptors</subject><subject>Styela plicata</subject><subject>TLR2</subject><subject>Vasoactive agents</subject><subject>Vasoactive intestinal peptide</subject><subject>VIP</subject><subject>WGA</subject><issn>1059-910X</issn><issn>1097-0029</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>24P</sourceid><sourceid>WIN</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kc9u1DAQhyMEoqVw4QGQJS4FkWInTmJfkFBV_mkRB4rEzZo4E-rFiYPtLFpOPEKPfT6eBIddKuDAyZbn86eZ-WXZfUZPGKXF0zUO8aTgjMkb2SGjssnTq7y53CuZS0Y_HmR3QlhTyljF-O3soKxKyRllh9nVymmw5htE40bierKB4EBHs0FixoghmhEsmXCKpkMCY0eis_bH90trPiPxqFPFeVIQMwzz6DzuP2u0NiQFwbFzIW4tLvbZO33hfAcRyfu4RQtkskZDBHK8wjDj7J8QJory0d3sVg824L39eZR9eHF2fvoqX717-fr0-SrXnAuZAxUAvK0Eh67DotY9tthRqBlH7KFldStLSRPVAGcdFw2wtsZGC1HJrinKo-zZzjvN7YCdxjF6sGryZgC_VQ6M-rsymgv1yW2ULAteFCwJjvcC777MaWFqMGGZHkZ0c1BFzYWQjSxFQh_-g67d7NN-F6pJU8uGyUQ93lHauxA89tfNMKqWwNUSuPoVeIIf_Nn-Nfo74QSwHfDVWNz-R6XenL0930l_AsAUuvA</recordid><startdate>202207</startdate><enddate>202207</enddate><creator>Alesci, Alessio</creator><creator>Pergolizzi, Simona</creator><creator>Lo Cascio, Patrizia</creator><creator>Capillo, Gioele</creator><creator>Lauriano, Eugenia Rita</creator><general>John Wiley & Sons, Inc</general><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><scope>24P</scope><scope>WIN</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QF</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7QQ</scope><scope>7SC</scope><scope>7SE</scope><scope>7SP</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7TA</scope><scope>7TB</scope><scope>7U5</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>8BQ</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F28</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H8D</scope><scope>H8G</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>JQ2</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KR7</scope><scope>L7M</scope><scope>L~C</scope><scope>L~D</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2002-1138</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202207</creationdate><title>Localization of vasoactive intestinal peptide and toll‐like receptor 2 immunoreactive cells in endostyle of urochordate Styela plicata (Lesueur, 1823)</title><author>Alesci, Alessio ; Pergolizzi, Simona ; Lo Cascio, Patrizia ; Capillo, Gioele ; Lauriano, Eugenia Rita</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4489-a08aa4b584adde26cfebed0a614eefab16b939008a7a41d487a1b6e7c8859d723</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Antibodies</topic><topic>endostyle</topic><topic>Gastrointestinal tract</topic><topic>Histochemistry</topic><topic>immune cells</topic><topic>Immune system</topic><topic>Immunology</topic><topic>Intestine</topic><topic>Iodine</topic><topic>Localization</topic><topic>Mucin</topic><topic>Peptides</topic><topic>Peroxidase</topic><topic>Pharynx</topic><topic>Phylogeny</topic><topic>Proteins</topic><topic>Receptors</topic><topic>Styela plicata</topic><topic>TLR2</topic><topic>Vasoactive agents</topic><topic>Vasoactive intestinal peptide</topic><topic>VIP</topic><topic>WGA</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Alesci, Alessio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pergolizzi, Simona</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lo Cascio, Patrizia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Capillo, Gioele</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lauriano, Eugenia Rita</creatorcontrib><collection>Wiley Online Library Open Access</collection><collection>Wiley Online Library Free Content</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Aluminium Industry Abstracts</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>Ceramic Abstracts</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts</collection><collection>Corrosion Abstracts</collection><collection>Electronics & Communications Abstracts</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Materials Business File</collection><collection>Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>METADEX</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ANTE: Abstracts in New Technology & Engineering</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Aerospace Database</collection><collection>Copper Technical Reference Library</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Computer Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Civil Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Academic</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Professional</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Microscopy research and technique</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Alesci, Alessio</au><au>Pergolizzi, Simona</au><au>Lo Cascio, Patrizia</au><au>Capillo, Gioele</au><au>Lauriano, Eugenia Rita</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Localization of vasoactive intestinal peptide and toll‐like receptor 2 immunoreactive cells in endostyle of urochordate Styela plicata (Lesueur, 1823)</atitle><jtitle>Microscopy research and technique</jtitle><addtitle>Microsc Res Tech</addtitle><date>2022-07</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>85</volume><issue>7</issue><spage>2651</spage><epage>2658</epage><pages>2651-2658</pages><issn>1059-910X</issn><eissn>1097-0029</eissn><abstract>The endostyle is the first component of the ascidian digestive tract, it is shaped like a through and is located in the pharynx's ventral wall. This organ is divided longitudinally into nine zones that are parallel to each other. Each zone's cells are physically and functionally distinct. Support elements are found in zones 1, 3, and 5, while mucoproteins secreting elements related to the filtering function are found in zones 2, 4, and 6. Zones 7, 8, and 9, which are located in the lateral dorsal section of the endostyle, include cells with high iodine and peroxidase concentrations. Immunohistochemical technique using the following antibodies, Toll‐like receptor 2 (TLR‐2) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), and lectin histochemistry (WGA—wheat‐germagglutinin), were used in this investigation to define immune cells in the endostyle of Styela plicata (Lesueur, 1823). Our results demonstrate the presence of immune cells in the endostyle of S. plicata, highlighting that innate immune mechanisms are highly conserved in the phylogeny of the chordates.
Research highlights
Immune cells positive to TLR‐2 and VIP in the endostyle of Styela plicata.
Expression of WGA in several zones of endostyle.
Use of comparative biology to improve the knowledge about immunology in ascidians.
From left to right: Styela plicata photographed in its natural environment; morphological staining (May‐Grünwald‐Giemsa) of a section from the endostyle; immunoistochemical localization of VIP and TLR2 in endostyle.</abstract><cop>Hoboken, USA</cop><pub>John Wiley & Sons, Inc</pub><pmid>35394101</pmid><doi>10.1002/jemt.24119</doi><tpages>8</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2002-1138</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Antibodies endostyle Gastrointestinal tract Histochemistry immune cells Immune system Immunology Intestine Iodine Localization Mucin Peptides Peroxidase Pharynx Phylogeny Proteins Receptors Styela plicata TLR2 Vasoactive agents Vasoactive intestinal peptide VIP WGA |
| title | Localization of vasoactive intestinal peptide and toll‐like receptor 2 immunoreactive cells in endostyle of urochordate Styela plicata (Lesueur, 1823) |
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