Sequential dynamics of virological and serological changes in the serum of SARS‐CoV‐2 infected patients
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) viral load dynamics in respiratory samples have been studied, but knowledge about changes in serial serum samples of infected patients in relation to their immunological response is lacking. We investigated the dynamics of SARS‐CoV‐2 viral...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of medical virology 2022-04, Vol.94 (4), p.1734-1737 |
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| creator | Ouoba, Serge Okimoto, Mafumi Nagashima, Shintaro Kitahara, Yoshihiro Miwata, Kei Ko, Ko E, Bunthen Sugiyama, Aya Takahashi, Kazuaki Sakaguchi, Takemasa Takafuta, Toshiro Tanaka, Junko |
| description | Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) viral load dynamics in respiratory samples have been studied, but knowledge about changes in serial serum samples of infected patients in relation to their immunological response is lacking. We investigated the dynamics of SARS‐CoV‐2 viral load and antibody response in sequential serum of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) patients and attempted to culture the virus in the serum. A total of 81 sequential serum samples from 10 confirmed COVID‐19 patients (5 with mild and 5 with moderate symptoms) were analyzed. Samples were collected during hospitalization and after discharge (median follow‐up of 35 days). SARS‐CoV‐2 ribonucleic acid in the serum was detected by real‐time polymerase chain reaction. Total antibody and IgG to SARS‐CoV‐2 Spike protein were analyzed by Chemiluminescent Immunoassays, and neutralizing antibodies were detected using a Surrogate Virus Neutralization Test. Viremia was observed in all cases at admission, and viral copy gradually dropped to undetectable levels in patients with mild symptoms but fluctuated and remained persistent in moderate cases. The viral culture of samples with the highest viral load for each patient did not show any cytopathic change. The antibody response was faster and higher in moderate cases. This study provides a basic clue for infectious severity‐dependent immune response, viremia, and antibody acquisition pattern. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1002/jmv.27518 |
| format | Article |
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We investigated the dynamics of SARS‐CoV‐2 viral load and antibody response in sequential serum of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) patients and attempted to culture the virus in the serum. A total of 81 sequential serum samples from 10 confirmed COVID‐19 patients (5 with mild and 5 with moderate symptoms) were analyzed. Samples were collected during hospitalization and after discharge (median follow‐up of 35 days). SARS‐CoV‐2 ribonucleic acid in the serum was detected by real‐time polymerase chain reaction. Total antibody and IgG to SARS‐CoV‐2 Spike protein were analyzed by Chemiluminescent Immunoassays, and neutralizing antibodies were detected using a Surrogate Virus Neutralization Test. Viremia was observed in all cases at admission, and viral copy gradually dropped to undetectable levels in patients with mild symptoms but fluctuated and remained persistent in moderate cases. The viral culture of samples with the highest viral load for each patient did not show any cytopathic change. The antibody response was faster and higher in moderate cases. This study provides a basic clue for infectious severity‐dependent immune response, viremia, and antibody acquisition pattern.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0146-6615</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1096-9071</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/jmv.27518</identifier><identifier>PMID: 34897741</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</publisher><subject>Adult ; Aged ; Antibodies ; Antibodies, Neutralizing - blood ; Antibodies, Viral - blood ; antibody ; Antibody response ; Chemiluminescence ; Coronaviruses ; COVID-19 ; COVID-19 - immunology ; COVID-19 - virology ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Immune response ; Immune system ; Immunoassays ; Immunoglobulin G ; Immunoglobulin G - blood ; Immunology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neutralization ; Polymerase chain reaction ; Respiratory diseases ; Ribonucleic acid ; RNA ; RNA, Viral - blood ; RNA, Viral - genetics ; SARS-CoV-2 - genetics ; SARS-CoV-2 - immunology ; SARS-CoV-2 - isolation & purification ; SARS‐CoV‐2 ; serum ; Severe acute respiratory syndrome ; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ; Severity of Illness Index ; Short Communication ; Signs and symptoms ; Spike protein ; viral culture ; Viral diseases ; Viral Load ; Viremia ; Viremia - immunology ; Viremia - virology ; Virology ; Viruses</subject><ispartof>Journal of medical virology, 2022-04, Vol.94 (4), p.1734-1737</ispartof><rights>2021 The Authors. Published by Wiley Periodicals LLC</rights><rights>2021 The Authors. Journal of Medical Virology Published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.</rights><rights>2021. This article is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4718-d00736a93f21a38ec922215ba33cae7f3382cfbcf1821b71a90a8686daedffdc3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4718-d00736a93f21a38ec922215ba33cae7f3382cfbcf1821b71a90a8686daedffdc3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-3944-0033 ; 0000-0002-5669-4051 ; 0000-0002-8087-4319 ; 0000-0002-6961-2000 ; 0000-0003-2131-5629</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002%2Fjmv.27518$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002%2Fjmv.27518$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,780,784,885,1417,27923,27924,45573,45574</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34897741$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Ouoba, Serge</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Okimoto, Mafumi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nagashima, Shintaro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kitahara, Yoshihiro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Miwata, Kei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ko, Ko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>E, Bunthen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sugiyama, Aya</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Takahashi, Kazuaki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sakaguchi, Takemasa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Takafuta, Toshiro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tanaka, Junko</creatorcontrib><title>Sequential dynamics of virological and serological changes in the serum of SARS‐CoV‐2 infected patients</title><title>Journal of medical virology</title><addtitle>J Med Virol</addtitle><description>Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) viral load dynamics in respiratory samples have been studied, but knowledge about changes in serial serum samples of infected patients in relation to their immunological response is lacking. We investigated the dynamics of SARS‐CoV‐2 viral load and antibody response in sequential serum of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) patients and attempted to culture the virus in the serum. A total of 81 sequential serum samples from 10 confirmed COVID‐19 patients (5 with mild and 5 with moderate symptoms) were analyzed. Samples were collected during hospitalization and after discharge (median follow‐up of 35 days). SARS‐CoV‐2 ribonucleic acid in the serum was detected by real‐time polymerase chain reaction. Total antibody and IgG to SARS‐CoV‐2 Spike protein were analyzed by Chemiluminescent Immunoassays, and neutralizing antibodies were detected using a Surrogate Virus Neutralization Test. Viremia was observed in all cases at admission, and viral copy gradually dropped to undetectable levels in patients with mild symptoms but fluctuated and remained persistent in moderate cases. The viral culture of samples with the highest viral load for each patient did not show any cytopathic change. The antibody response was faster and higher in moderate cases. This study provides a basic clue for infectious severity‐dependent immune response, viremia, and antibody acquisition pattern.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Antibodies</subject><subject>Antibodies, Neutralizing - blood</subject><subject>Antibodies, Viral - blood</subject><subject>antibody</subject><subject>Antibody response</subject><subject>Chemiluminescence</subject><subject>Coronaviruses</subject><subject>COVID-19</subject><subject>COVID-19 - immunology</subject><subject>COVID-19 - virology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Follow-Up Studies</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Immune response</subject><subject>Immune system</subject><subject>Immunoassays</subject><subject>Immunoglobulin G</subject><subject>Immunoglobulin G - blood</subject><subject>Immunology</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Neutralization</subject><subject>Polymerase chain reaction</subject><subject>Respiratory diseases</subject><subject>Ribonucleic acid</subject><subject>RNA</subject><subject>RNA, Viral - blood</subject><subject>RNA, Viral - genetics</subject><subject>SARS-CoV-2 - genetics</subject><subject>SARS-CoV-2 - immunology</subject><subject>SARS-CoV-2 - isolation & purification</subject><subject>SARS‐CoV‐2</subject><subject>serum</subject><subject>Severe acute respiratory syndrome</subject><subject>Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2</subject><subject>Severity of Illness Index</subject><subject>Short Communication</subject><subject>Signs and symptoms</subject><subject>Spike protein</subject><subject>viral culture</subject><subject>Viral diseases</subject><subject>Viral Load</subject><subject>Viremia</subject><subject>Viremia - immunology</subject><subject>Viremia - virology</subject><subject>Virology</subject><subject>Viruses</subject><issn>0146-6615</issn><issn>1096-9071</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>24P</sourceid><sourceid>WIN</sourceid><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kctuEzEUhi0EomlhwQugkdjAYtpje-LLBqmKuBQVIRHo1jrx2InDzDiMZ4Ky6yPwjDxJHVLKRWJjy-f__J9j_4Q8oXBKAdjZut2eMjml6h6ZUNCi1CDpfTIBWolSCDo9IscprQFAacYekiNeKS1lRSfky9x9HV03BGyKetdhG2wqoi-2oY9NXAab69jVRXK_z3aF3dKlInTFsHJ7aWz3d-bnH-c_rr_P4lVeWZa9s4Oriw0OIbdIj8gDj01yj2_3E_L59atPs7fl5Yc3F7Pzy9JWkqqyBpBcoOaeUeTK2Twzo9MFcm7RSc-5YtYvrKeK0YWkqAGVUKJGV3tfW35CXh58N-OidbXNvXtszKYPLfY7EzGYv5UurMwybo1mWkvBssHzW4M-5t9Jg2lDsq5psHNxTIYJ0NVUAtCMPvsHXcex7_LzMsU0MKEkZOrFgbJ9TKl3_m4YCmYfockRmp8RZvbpn9Pfkb8yy8DZAfgWGrf7v5N59_7qYHkDLD6pTQ</recordid><startdate>202204</startdate><enddate>202204</enddate><creator>Ouoba, Serge</creator><creator>Okimoto, Mafumi</creator><creator>Nagashima, Shintaro</creator><creator>Kitahara, Yoshihiro</creator><creator>Miwata, Kei</creator><creator>Ko, Ko</creator><creator>E, Bunthen</creator><creator>Sugiyama, Aya</creator><creator>Takahashi, Kazuaki</creator><creator>Sakaguchi, Takemasa</creator><creator>Takafuta, Toshiro</creator><creator>Tanaka, Junko</creator><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><general>John Wiley and Sons Inc</general><scope>24P</scope><scope>WIN</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3944-0033</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5669-4051</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8087-4319</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6961-2000</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2131-5629</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202204</creationdate><title>Sequential dynamics of virological and serological changes in the serum of SARS‐CoV‐2 infected patients</title><author>Ouoba, Serge ; 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We investigated the dynamics of SARS‐CoV‐2 viral load and antibody response in sequential serum of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) patients and attempted to culture the virus in the serum. A total of 81 sequential serum samples from 10 confirmed COVID‐19 patients (5 with mild and 5 with moderate symptoms) were analyzed. Samples were collected during hospitalization and after discharge (median follow‐up of 35 days). SARS‐CoV‐2 ribonucleic acid in the serum was detected by real‐time polymerase chain reaction. Total antibody and IgG to SARS‐CoV‐2 Spike protein were analyzed by Chemiluminescent Immunoassays, and neutralizing antibodies were detected using a Surrogate Virus Neutralization Test. Viremia was observed in all cases at admission, and viral copy gradually dropped to undetectable levels in patients with mild symptoms but fluctuated and remained persistent in moderate cases. 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| subjects | Adult Aged Antibodies Antibodies, Neutralizing - blood Antibodies, Viral - blood antibody Antibody response Chemiluminescence Coronaviruses COVID-19 COVID-19 - immunology COVID-19 - virology Female Follow-Up Studies Humans Immune response Immune system Immunoassays Immunoglobulin G Immunoglobulin G - blood Immunology Male Middle Aged Neutralization Polymerase chain reaction Respiratory diseases Ribonucleic acid RNA RNA, Viral - blood RNA, Viral - genetics SARS-CoV-2 - genetics SARS-CoV-2 - immunology SARS-CoV-2 - isolation & purification SARS‐CoV‐2 serum Severe acute respiratory syndrome Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Severity of Illness Index Short Communication Signs and symptoms Spike protein viral culture Viral diseases Viral Load Viremia Viremia - immunology Viremia - virology Virology Viruses |
| title | Sequential dynamics of virological and serological changes in the serum of SARS‐CoV‐2 infected patients |
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