Impact of wheat aleurone on biomarkers of cardiovascular disease, gut microbiota and metabolites in adults with high body mass index: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial
Purpose Aleurone is a cereal bran fraction containing a variety of beneficial nutrients including polyphenols, fibers, minerals and vitamins. Animal and human studies support the beneficial role of aleurone consumption in reducing cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Gut microbiota fiber fermentation,...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | European journal of nutrition 2022-08, Vol.61 (5), p.2651-2671 |
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| creator | Fava, Francesca Ulaszewska, Maria M. Scholz, Matthias Stanstrup, Jan Nissen, Lorenzo Mattivi, Fulvio Vermeiren, Joan Bosscher, Douwina Pedrolli, Carlo Tuohy, Kieran M. |
| description | Purpose
Aleurone is a cereal bran fraction containing a variety of beneficial nutrients including polyphenols, fibers, minerals and vitamins. Animal and human studies support the beneficial role of aleurone consumption in reducing cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Gut microbiota fiber fermentation, polyphenol metabolism and betaine/choline metabolism may in part contribute to the physiological effects of aleurone. As primary objective, this study evaluated whether wheat aleurone supplemented foods could modify plasma homocysteine. Secondary objectives included changes in CVD biomarkers, fecal microbiota composition and plasma/urine metabolite profiles.
Methods
A parallel double-blind, placebo-controlled and randomized trial was carried out in two groups of obese/overweight subjects, matched for age, BMI and gender, consuming foods supplemented with either aleurone (27 g/day) (AL,
n
= 34) or cellulose (placebo treatment, PL,
n
= 33) for 4 weeks.
Results
No significant changes in plasma homocysteine or other clinical markers were observed with either treatment. Dietary fiber intake increased after AL and PL, animal protein intake increased after PL treatment. We observed a significant increase in fecal
Bifidobacterium
spp with AL and
Lactobacillus
spp with both AL and PL, but overall fecal microbiota community structure changed little according to 16S rRNA metataxonomics. Metabolomics implicated microbial metabolism of aleurone polyphenols and revealed distinctive biomarkers of AL treatment, including alkylresorcinol, cinnamic, benzoic and ferulic acids, folic acid, fatty acids, benzoxazinoid and roasted aroma related metabolites. Correlation analysis highlighted bacterial genera potentially linked to urinary compounds derived from aleurone metabolism and clinical parameters.
Conclusions
Aleurone has potential to modulate the gut microbial metabolic output and increase fecal bifidobacterial abundance. However, in this study, aleurone did not impact on plasma homocysteine or other CVD biomarkers.
Trial Registration
The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02067026) on the 17th February 2014. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s00394-022-02836-9 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_9279244</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2688768466</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c474t-6a89672b77de7902960e014a4d6ac57b30ee2044b6ebd8c182f4659a377444dc3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9ks2OFCEUhStG44yjL-DCkLhxMaUURUPhwsRM_JlkEje6Jhe43cVIFS1QM46v54tJ22P7s3BBIPd8HC5wmuZxR593lMoXmdJe8ZYyVsfQi1bdaY47XheCdau7hzWVR82DnC8ppawX3f3mqF8xLqkajpvv59MWbCFxTa5HhEIg4JLijCTOxPg4QfqMKe90C8n5eAXZLgEScT4jZDwlm6WQydsUK16AwOzIhAVMDL5gJn4m4JZQMrn2ZSSj34zERHdDJsg71eHXlwSIi4sJ2JpQK6dkG8Ciia2Nc0kxBKy1VJ3j5L-hI7ZS3kIgJXkID5t7awgZH93OJ82nt28-nr1vLz68Oz97fdFaLnlpBQxKSGakdCgVZUpQpB0H7gTYlTQ9RWSUcyPQuMF2A1tzsVLQS8k5d7Y_aV7tfbeLmdBZrL1B0Nvk6yvd6Ahe_63MftSbeKUVk4pxXg2e3Rqk-GXBXPTks8UQYMa4ZM1E_Z4VHzit6NN_0Mu4pLler1LDIMXAhagU21P19XNOuD4001G9y4jeZ0TXjOifGdGqbnry5zUOW36FogL9HshVmjeYfp_9H9sfkWTL8g</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2688768466</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Impact of wheat aleurone on biomarkers of cardiovascular disease, gut microbiota and metabolites in adults with high body mass index: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>SpringerLink Journals</source><creator>Fava, Francesca ; Ulaszewska, Maria M. ; Scholz, Matthias ; Stanstrup, Jan ; Nissen, Lorenzo ; Mattivi, Fulvio ; Vermeiren, Joan ; Bosscher, Douwina ; Pedrolli, Carlo ; Tuohy, Kieran M.</creator><creatorcontrib>Fava, Francesca ; Ulaszewska, Maria M. ; Scholz, Matthias ; Stanstrup, Jan ; Nissen, Lorenzo ; Mattivi, Fulvio ; Vermeiren, Joan ; Bosscher, Douwina ; Pedrolli, Carlo ; Tuohy, Kieran M.</creatorcontrib><description>Purpose
Aleurone is a cereal bran fraction containing a variety of beneficial nutrients including polyphenols, fibers, minerals and vitamins. Animal and human studies support the beneficial role of aleurone consumption in reducing cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Gut microbiota fiber fermentation, polyphenol metabolism and betaine/choline metabolism may in part contribute to the physiological effects of aleurone. As primary objective, this study evaluated whether wheat aleurone supplemented foods could modify plasma homocysteine. Secondary objectives included changes in CVD biomarkers, fecal microbiota composition and plasma/urine metabolite profiles.
Methods
A parallel double-blind, placebo-controlled and randomized trial was carried out in two groups of obese/overweight subjects, matched for age, BMI and gender, consuming foods supplemented with either aleurone (27 g/day) (AL,
n
= 34) or cellulose (placebo treatment, PL,
n
= 33) for 4 weeks.
Results
No significant changes in plasma homocysteine or other clinical markers were observed with either treatment. Dietary fiber intake increased after AL and PL, animal protein intake increased after PL treatment. We observed a significant increase in fecal
Bifidobacterium
spp with AL and
Lactobacillus
spp with both AL and PL, but overall fecal microbiota community structure changed little according to 16S rRNA metataxonomics. Metabolomics implicated microbial metabolism of aleurone polyphenols and revealed distinctive biomarkers of AL treatment, including alkylresorcinol, cinnamic, benzoic and ferulic acids, folic acid, fatty acids, benzoxazinoid and roasted aroma related metabolites. Correlation analysis highlighted bacterial genera potentially linked to urinary compounds derived from aleurone metabolism and clinical parameters.
Conclusions
Aleurone has potential to modulate the gut microbial metabolic output and increase fecal bifidobacterial abundance. However, in this study, aleurone did not impact on plasma homocysteine or other CVD biomarkers.
Trial Registration
The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02067026) on the 17th February 2014.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1436-6207</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1436-6215</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-02836-9</identifier><identifier>PMID: 35247098</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher><subject>Adult ; Animals ; Aroma ; Biomarkers ; Body Mass Index ; Body weight ; Cardiovascular disease ; Cardiovascular diseases ; Cardiovascular Diseases - prevention & control ; Cellulose ; Chemistry ; Chemistry and Materials Science ; Clinical trials ; Community structure ; Correlation analysis ; Dietary Fiber ; Dietary intake ; Double-Blind Method ; Double-blind studies ; Fatty acids ; Fecal microflora ; Feces ; Feces - microbiology ; Fermentation ; Folic acid ; Food sources ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Homocysteine ; Humans ; Infant ; Intestinal microflora ; Metabolism ; Metabolites ; Metabolomics ; Microbiota ; Minerals ; Nutrition ; Original Contribution ; Overweight ; Placebos ; Plant Proteins ; Plasma ; Polyphenols ; Polyphenols - analysis ; Polyphenols - pharmacology ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S ; rRNA 16S ; Triticum - chemistry ; Vitamins</subject><ispartof>European journal of nutrition, 2022-08, Vol.61 (5), p.2651-2671</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2022. corrected publication 2022</rights><rights>2022. The Author(s).</rights><rights>The Author(s) 2022. corrected publication 2022. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>The Author(s) 2022, corrected publication 2022</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c474t-6a89672b77de7902960e014a4d6ac57b30ee2044b6ebd8c182f4659a377444dc3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c474t-6a89672b77de7902960e014a4d6ac57b30ee2044b6ebd8c182f4659a377444dc3</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-8530-2152</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00394-022-02836-9$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00394-022-02836-9$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,776,780,881,27901,27902,41464,42533,51294</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35247098$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Fava, Francesca</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ulaszewska, Maria M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Scholz, Matthias</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stanstrup, Jan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nissen, Lorenzo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mattivi, Fulvio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vermeiren, Joan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bosscher, Douwina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pedrolli, Carlo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tuohy, Kieran M.</creatorcontrib><title>Impact of wheat aleurone on biomarkers of cardiovascular disease, gut microbiota and metabolites in adults with high body mass index: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial</title><title>European journal of nutrition</title><addtitle>Eur J Nutr</addtitle><addtitle>Eur J Nutr</addtitle><description>Purpose
Aleurone is a cereal bran fraction containing a variety of beneficial nutrients including polyphenols, fibers, minerals and vitamins. Animal and human studies support the beneficial role of aleurone consumption in reducing cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Gut microbiota fiber fermentation, polyphenol metabolism and betaine/choline metabolism may in part contribute to the physiological effects of aleurone. As primary objective, this study evaluated whether wheat aleurone supplemented foods could modify plasma homocysteine. Secondary objectives included changes in CVD biomarkers, fecal microbiota composition and plasma/urine metabolite profiles.
Methods
A parallel double-blind, placebo-controlled and randomized trial was carried out in two groups of obese/overweight subjects, matched for age, BMI and gender, consuming foods supplemented with either aleurone (27 g/day) (AL,
n
= 34) or cellulose (placebo treatment, PL,
n
= 33) for 4 weeks.
Results
No significant changes in plasma homocysteine or other clinical markers were observed with either treatment. Dietary fiber intake increased after AL and PL, animal protein intake increased after PL treatment. We observed a significant increase in fecal
Bifidobacterium
spp with AL and
Lactobacillus
spp with both AL and PL, but overall fecal microbiota community structure changed little according to 16S rRNA metataxonomics. Metabolomics implicated microbial metabolism of aleurone polyphenols and revealed distinctive biomarkers of AL treatment, including alkylresorcinol, cinnamic, benzoic and ferulic acids, folic acid, fatty acids, benzoxazinoid and roasted aroma related metabolites. Correlation analysis highlighted bacterial genera potentially linked to urinary compounds derived from aleurone metabolism and clinical parameters.
Conclusions
Aleurone has potential to modulate the gut microbial metabolic output and increase fecal bifidobacterial abundance. However, in this study, aleurone did not impact on plasma homocysteine or other CVD biomarkers.
Trial Registration
The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02067026) on the 17th February 2014.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Aroma</subject><subject>Biomarkers</subject><subject>Body Mass Index</subject><subject>Body weight</subject><subject>Cardiovascular disease</subject><subject>Cardiovascular diseases</subject><subject>Cardiovascular Diseases - prevention & control</subject><subject>Cellulose</subject><subject>Chemistry</subject><subject>Chemistry and Materials Science</subject><subject>Clinical trials</subject><subject>Community structure</subject><subject>Correlation analysis</subject><subject>Dietary Fiber</subject><subject>Dietary intake</subject><subject>Double-Blind Method</subject><subject>Double-blind studies</subject><subject>Fatty acids</subject><subject>Fecal microflora</subject><subject>Feces</subject><subject>Feces - microbiology</subject><subject>Fermentation</subject><subject>Folic acid</subject><subject>Food sources</subject><subject>Gastrointestinal Microbiome</subject><subject>Homocysteine</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Infant</subject><subject>Intestinal microflora</subject><subject>Metabolism</subject><subject>Metabolites</subject><subject>Metabolomics</subject><subject>Microbiota</subject><subject>Minerals</subject><subject>Nutrition</subject><subject>Original Contribution</subject><subject>Overweight</subject><subject>Placebos</subject><subject>Plant Proteins</subject><subject>Plasma</subject><subject>Polyphenols</subject><subject>Polyphenols - analysis</subject><subject>Polyphenols - pharmacology</subject><subject>RNA, Ribosomal, 16S</subject><subject>rRNA 16S</subject><subject>Triticum - chemistry</subject><subject>Vitamins</subject><issn>1436-6207</issn><issn>1436-6215</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>C6C</sourceid><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNp9ks2OFCEUhStG44yjL-DCkLhxMaUURUPhwsRM_JlkEje6Jhe43cVIFS1QM46v54tJ22P7s3BBIPd8HC5wmuZxR593lMoXmdJe8ZYyVsfQi1bdaY47XheCdau7hzWVR82DnC8ppawX3f3mqF8xLqkajpvv59MWbCFxTa5HhEIg4JLijCTOxPg4QfqMKe90C8n5eAXZLgEScT4jZDwlm6WQydsUK16AwOzIhAVMDL5gJn4m4JZQMrn2ZSSj34zERHdDJsg71eHXlwSIi4sJ2JpQK6dkG8Ciia2Nc0kxBKy1VJ3j5L-hI7ZS3kIgJXkID5t7awgZH93OJ82nt28-nr1vLz68Oz97fdFaLnlpBQxKSGakdCgVZUpQpB0H7gTYlTQ9RWSUcyPQuMF2A1tzsVLQS8k5d7Y_aV7tfbeLmdBZrL1B0Nvk6yvd6Ahe_63MftSbeKUVk4pxXg2e3Rqk-GXBXPTks8UQYMa4ZM1E_Z4VHzit6NN_0Mu4pLler1LDIMXAhagU21P19XNOuD4001G9y4jeZ0TXjOifGdGqbnry5zUOW36FogL9HshVmjeYfp_9H9sfkWTL8g</recordid><startdate>20220801</startdate><enddate>20220801</enddate><creator>Fava, Francesca</creator><creator>Ulaszewska, Maria M.</creator><creator>Scholz, Matthias</creator><creator>Stanstrup, Jan</creator><creator>Nissen, Lorenzo</creator><creator>Mattivi, Fulvio</creator><creator>Vermeiren, Joan</creator><creator>Bosscher, Douwina</creator><creator>Pedrolli, Carlo</creator><creator>Tuohy, Kieran M.</creator><general>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>C6C</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7RQ</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7TS</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>K9-</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>M0R</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8530-2152</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20220801</creationdate><title>Impact of wheat aleurone on biomarkers of cardiovascular disease, gut microbiota and metabolites in adults with high body mass index: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial</title><author>Fava, Francesca ; Ulaszewska, Maria M. ; Scholz, Matthias ; Stanstrup, Jan ; Nissen, Lorenzo ; Mattivi, Fulvio ; Vermeiren, Joan ; Bosscher, Douwina ; Pedrolli, Carlo ; Tuohy, Kieran M.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c474t-6a89672b77de7902960e014a4d6ac57b30ee2044b6ebd8c182f4659a377444dc3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Aroma</topic><topic>Biomarkers</topic><topic>Body Mass Index</topic><topic>Body weight</topic><topic>Cardiovascular disease</topic><topic>Cardiovascular diseases</topic><topic>Cardiovascular Diseases - prevention & control</topic><topic>Cellulose</topic><topic>Chemistry</topic><topic>Chemistry and Materials Science</topic><topic>Clinical trials</topic><topic>Community structure</topic><topic>Correlation analysis</topic><topic>Dietary Fiber</topic><topic>Dietary intake</topic><topic>Double-Blind Method</topic><topic>Double-blind studies</topic><topic>Fatty acids</topic><topic>Fecal microflora</topic><topic>Feces</topic><topic>Feces - microbiology</topic><topic>Fermentation</topic><topic>Folic acid</topic><topic>Food sources</topic><topic>Gastrointestinal Microbiome</topic><topic>Homocysteine</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Infant</topic><topic>Intestinal microflora</topic><topic>Metabolism</topic><topic>Metabolites</topic><topic>Metabolomics</topic><topic>Microbiota</topic><topic>Minerals</topic><topic>Nutrition</topic><topic>Original Contribution</topic><topic>Overweight</topic><topic>Placebos</topic><topic>Plant Proteins</topic><topic>Plasma</topic><topic>Polyphenols</topic><topic>Polyphenols - analysis</topic><topic>Polyphenols - pharmacology</topic><topic>RNA, Ribosomal, 16S</topic><topic>rRNA 16S</topic><topic>Triticum - chemistry</topic><topic>Vitamins</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Fava, Francesca</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ulaszewska, Maria M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Scholz, Matthias</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stanstrup, Jan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nissen, Lorenzo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mattivi, Fulvio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vermeiren, Joan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bosscher, Douwina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pedrolli, Carlo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tuohy, Kieran M.</creatorcontrib><collection>Springer Nature OA Free Journals</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>Career & Technical Education Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Physical Education Index</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>Consumer Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Consumer Health Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>European journal of nutrition</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Fava, Francesca</au><au>Ulaszewska, Maria M.</au><au>Scholz, Matthias</au><au>Stanstrup, Jan</au><au>Nissen, Lorenzo</au><au>Mattivi, Fulvio</au><au>Vermeiren, Joan</au><au>Bosscher, Douwina</au><au>Pedrolli, Carlo</au><au>Tuohy, Kieran M.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Impact of wheat aleurone on biomarkers of cardiovascular disease, gut microbiota and metabolites in adults with high body mass index: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial</atitle><jtitle>European journal of nutrition</jtitle><stitle>Eur J Nutr</stitle><addtitle>Eur J Nutr</addtitle><date>2022-08-01</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>61</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>2651</spage><epage>2671</epage><pages>2651-2671</pages><issn>1436-6207</issn><eissn>1436-6215</eissn><abstract>Purpose
Aleurone is a cereal bran fraction containing a variety of beneficial nutrients including polyphenols, fibers, minerals and vitamins. Animal and human studies support the beneficial role of aleurone consumption in reducing cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Gut microbiota fiber fermentation, polyphenol metabolism and betaine/choline metabolism may in part contribute to the physiological effects of aleurone. As primary objective, this study evaluated whether wheat aleurone supplemented foods could modify plasma homocysteine. Secondary objectives included changes in CVD biomarkers, fecal microbiota composition and plasma/urine metabolite profiles.
Methods
A parallel double-blind, placebo-controlled and randomized trial was carried out in two groups of obese/overweight subjects, matched for age, BMI and gender, consuming foods supplemented with either aleurone (27 g/day) (AL,
n
= 34) or cellulose (placebo treatment, PL,
n
= 33) for 4 weeks.
Results
No significant changes in plasma homocysteine or other clinical markers were observed with either treatment. Dietary fiber intake increased after AL and PL, animal protein intake increased after PL treatment. We observed a significant increase in fecal
Bifidobacterium
spp with AL and
Lactobacillus
spp with both AL and PL, but overall fecal microbiota community structure changed little according to 16S rRNA metataxonomics. Metabolomics implicated microbial metabolism of aleurone polyphenols and revealed distinctive biomarkers of AL treatment, including alkylresorcinol, cinnamic, benzoic and ferulic acids, folic acid, fatty acids, benzoxazinoid and roasted aroma related metabolites. Correlation analysis highlighted bacterial genera potentially linked to urinary compounds derived from aleurone metabolism and clinical parameters.
Conclusions
Aleurone has potential to modulate the gut microbial metabolic output and increase fecal bifidobacterial abundance. However, in this study, aleurone did not impact on plasma homocysteine or other CVD biomarkers.
Trial Registration
The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02067026) on the 17th February 2014.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</pub><pmid>35247098</pmid><doi>10.1007/s00394-022-02836-9</doi><tpages>21</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8530-2152</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | European journal of nutrition, 2022-08, Vol.61 (5), p.2651-2671 |
| issn | 1436-6207 1436-6215 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_9279244 |
| source | MEDLINE; SpringerLink Journals |
| subjects | Adult Animals Aroma Biomarkers Body Mass Index Body weight Cardiovascular disease Cardiovascular diseases Cardiovascular Diseases - prevention & control Cellulose Chemistry Chemistry and Materials Science Clinical trials Community structure Correlation analysis Dietary Fiber Dietary intake Double-Blind Method Double-blind studies Fatty acids Fecal microflora Feces Feces - microbiology Fermentation Folic acid Food sources Gastrointestinal Microbiome Homocysteine Humans Infant Intestinal microflora Metabolism Metabolites Metabolomics Microbiota Minerals Nutrition Original Contribution Overweight Placebos Plant Proteins Plasma Polyphenols Polyphenols - analysis Polyphenols - pharmacology RNA, Ribosomal, 16S rRNA 16S Triticum - chemistry Vitamins |
| title | Impact of wheat aleurone on biomarkers of cardiovascular disease, gut microbiota and metabolites in adults with high body mass index: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-02-11T15%3A16%3A11IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_pubme&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Impact%20of%20wheat%20aleurone%20on%20biomarkers%20of%20cardiovascular%20disease,%20gut%20microbiota%20and%20metabolites%20in%20adults%20with%20high%20body%20mass%20index:%20a%20double-blind,%20placebo-controlled,%20randomized%20clinical%20trial&rft.jtitle=European%20journal%20of%20nutrition&rft.au=Fava,%20Francesca&rft.date=2022-08-01&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=2651&rft.epage=2671&rft.pages=2651-2671&rft.issn=1436-6207&rft.eissn=1436-6215&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007/s00394-022-02836-9&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_pubme%3E2688768466%3C/proquest_pubme%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2688768466&rft_id=info:pmid/35247098&rfr_iscdi=true |