Preparation of Fly Ash-Ladle Furnace Slag Blended Geopolymer Foam via Pre-Foaming Method with Polyoxyethylene Alkyether Sulphate Incorporation
This paper uses polyoxyethylene alkyether sulphate (PAS) to form foam via pre-foaming method, which is then incorporated into geopolymer based on fly ash and ladle furnace slag. In the literature, only PAS-geopolymer foams made with single precursor were studied. Therefore, the performance of fly as...
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creator | Hui-Teng, Ng Cheng-Yong, Heah Yun-Ming, Liew Abdullah, Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri Rojviriya, Catleya Razi, Hasniyati Md Garus, Sebastian Nabiałek, Marcin Sochacki, Wojciech Abidin, Ilham Mukriz Zainal Yong-Sing, Ng Śliwa, Agata Sandu, Andrei Victor |
description | This paper uses polyoxyethylene alkyether sulphate (PAS) to form foam via pre-foaming method, which is then incorporated into geopolymer based on fly ash and ladle furnace slag. In the literature, only PAS-geopolymer foams made with single precursor were studied. Therefore, the performance of fly ash-slag blended geopolymer with and without PAS foam was investigated at 29–1000 °C. Unfoamed geopolymer (G-0) was prepared by a combination of sodium alkali, fly ash and slag. The PAS foam-to-paste ratio was set at 1.0 and 2.0 to prepare geopolymer foam (G-1 and G-2). Foamed geopolymer showed decreased compressive strength (25.1–32.0 MPa for G-1 and 21.5–36.2 MPa for G-2) compared to G-0 (36.9–43.1 MPa) at 29–1000 °C. Nevertheless, when compared to unheated samples, heated G-0 lost compressive strength by 8.7% up to 1000 °C, while the foamed geopolymer gained compressive strength by 68.5% up to 1000 °C. The thermal stability of foamed geopolymer was greatly improved due to the increased porosity, lower thermal conductivity, and incompact microstructure, which helped to reduce pressure during moisture evaporation and resulted in lessened deterioration. |
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In the literature, only PAS-geopolymer foams made with single precursor were studied. Therefore, the performance of fly ash-slag blended geopolymer with and without PAS foam was investigated at 29–1000 °C. Unfoamed geopolymer (G-0) was prepared by a combination of sodium alkali, fly ash and slag. The PAS foam-to-paste ratio was set at 1.0 and 2.0 to prepare geopolymer foam (G-1 and G-2). Foamed geopolymer showed decreased compressive strength (25.1–32.0 MPa for G-1 and 21.5–36.2 MPa for G-2) compared to G-0 (36.9–43.1 MPa) at 29–1000 °C. Nevertheless, when compared to unheated samples, heated G-0 lost compressive strength by 8.7% up to 1000 °C, while the foamed geopolymer gained compressive strength by 68.5% up to 1000 °C. The thermal stability of foamed geopolymer was greatly improved due to the increased porosity, lower thermal conductivity, and incompact microstructure, which helped to reduce pressure during moisture evaporation and resulted in lessened deterioration.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1996-1944</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1996-1944</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/ma15124085</identifier><identifier>PMID: 35744142</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Basel: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Caustic soda ; Compressive strength ; Curing ; Fly ash ; Foaming ; Foams ; Fourier transforms ; Geopolymers ; High temperature ; Ladles ; Mechanical properties ; Moisture effects ; Polyoxyethylene ; Slag ; Sodium ; Thermal conductivity ; Thermal stability</subject><ispartof>Materials, 2022-06, Vol.15 (12), p.4085</ispartof><rights>2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. 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The thermal stability of foamed geopolymer was greatly improved due to the increased porosity, lower thermal conductivity, and incompact microstructure, which helped to reduce pressure during moisture evaporation and resulted in lessened deterioration.</description><subject>Caustic soda</subject><subject>Compressive strength</subject><subject>Curing</subject><subject>Fly ash</subject><subject>Foaming</subject><subject>Foams</subject><subject>Fourier transforms</subject><subject>Geopolymers</subject><subject>High temperature</subject><subject>Ladles</subject><subject>Mechanical properties</subject><subject>Moisture effects</subject><subject>Polyoxyethylene</subject><subject>Slag</subject><subject>Sodium</subject><subject>Thermal conductivity</subject><subject>Thermal stability</subject><issn>1996-1944</issn><issn>1996-1944</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><recordid>eNpdkc1u1DAQxyMEolXphSewxAUhBfwZxxekpWJLpUWt1HK2XHuySXHiYCeleYk-M4624ssXe2Z-85_xTFG8Jvg9Ywp_6A0RhHJci2fFMVGqKoni_Plf76PiNKU7nA9jpKbqZXHEhOSccHpcPF5FGE00UxcGFBq09QvapLbcGecBbec4GAvo2ps9-uRhcODQOYQx-KWHiLbB9Oi-MyirlKvRDXv0FaY2OPSzm1p0lcHwsGTPkrMBbfz31cip17MfWzMBuhhsiGM4tPCqeNEYn-D06T4pvm0_35x9KXeX5xdnm11pWc2mUjLOTHMLltKGywbAqpoT6QRIEBZwgx2psMQVEbVlRsjKCQJ4_bJwqjbspPh40B3n2x6chWGKxusxdr2Jiw6m0_9Ghq7V-3CvFaW1UDgLvH0SiOHHDGnSfZcseG8GCHPStKpJrkc5zeib_9C7sM7Vr5RUUlWqqjL17kDZGFKK0PxuhmC9blr_2TT7BTemm70</recordid><startdate>20220608</startdate><enddate>20220608</enddate><creator>Hui-Teng, Ng</creator><creator>Cheng-Yong, Heah</creator><creator>Yun-Ming, Liew</creator><creator>Abdullah, Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri</creator><creator>Rojviriya, Catleya</creator><creator>Razi, Hasniyati Md</creator><creator>Garus, Sebastian</creator><creator>Nabiałek, Marcin</creator><creator>Sochacki, Wojciech</creator><creator>Abidin, Ilham Mukriz Zainal</creator><creator>Yong-Sing, Ng</creator><creator>Śliwa, Agata</creator><creator>Sandu, Andrei Victor</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><general>MDPI</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0185-5046</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6649-5435</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9302-3978</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6600-4969</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6585-3918</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2764-6480</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9292-749X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7093-7833</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20220608</creationdate><title>Preparation of Fly Ash-Ladle Furnace Slag Blended Geopolymer Foam via Pre-Foaming Method with Polyoxyethylene Alkyether Sulphate Incorporation</title><author>Hui-Teng, Ng ; Cheng-Yong, Heah ; Yun-Ming, Liew ; Abdullah, Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri ; Rojviriya, Catleya ; Razi, Hasniyati Md ; Garus, Sebastian ; Nabiałek, Marcin ; Sochacki, Wojciech ; Abidin, Ilham Mukriz Zainal ; Yong-Sing, Ng ; Śliwa, Agata ; Sandu, Andrei Victor</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c383t-7343afbec22f47feec98417d5e7e5ce0f0d160706158c3a576d51e041425d98a3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Caustic soda</topic><topic>Compressive strength</topic><topic>Curing</topic><topic>Fly ash</topic><topic>Foaming</topic><topic>Foams</topic><topic>Fourier transforms</topic><topic>Geopolymers</topic><topic>High temperature</topic><topic>Ladles</topic><topic>Mechanical properties</topic><topic>Moisture effects</topic><topic>Polyoxyethylene</topic><topic>Slag</topic><topic>Sodium</topic><topic>Thermal conductivity</topic><topic>Thermal stability</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Hui-Teng, Ng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cheng-Yong, Heah</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yun-Ming, Liew</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abdullah, Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rojviriya, Catleya</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Razi, Hasniyati Md</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Garus, Sebastian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nabiałek, Marcin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sochacki, Wojciech</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abidin, Ilham Mukriz Zainal</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yong-Sing, Ng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Śliwa, Agata</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sandu, Andrei Victor</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>Materials Science Database</collection><collection>Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Materials</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Hui-Teng, Ng</au><au>Cheng-Yong, Heah</au><au>Yun-Ming, Liew</au><au>Abdullah, Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri</au><au>Rojviriya, Catleya</au><au>Razi, Hasniyati Md</au><au>Garus, Sebastian</au><au>Nabiałek, Marcin</au><au>Sochacki, Wojciech</au><au>Abidin, Ilham Mukriz Zainal</au><au>Yong-Sing, Ng</au><au>Śliwa, Agata</au><au>Sandu, Andrei Victor</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Preparation of Fly Ash-Ladle Furnace Slag Blended Geopolymer Foam via Pre-Foaming Method with Polyoxyethylene Alkyether Sulphate Incorporation</atitle><jtitle>Materials</jtitle><date>2022-06-08</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>15</volume><issue>12</issue><spage>4085</spage><pages>4085-</pages><issn>1996-1944</issn><eissn>1996-1944</eissn><abstract>This paper uses polyoxyethylene alkyether sulphate (PAS) to form foam via pre-foaming method, which is then incorporated into geopolymer based on fly ash and ladle furnace slag. In the literature, only PAS-geopolymer foams made with single precursor were studied. Therefore, the performance of fly ash-slag blended geopolymer with and without PAS foam was investigated at 29–1000 °C. Unfoamed geopolymer (G-0) was prepared by a combination of sodium alkali, fly ash and slag. The PAS foam-to-paste ratio was set at 1.0 and 2.0 to prepare geopolymer foam (G-1 and G-2). Foamed geopolymer showed decreased compressive strength (25.1–32.0 MPa for G-1 and 21.5–36.2 MPa for G-2) compared to G-0 (36.9–43.1 MPa) at 29–1000 °C. Nevertheless, when compared to unheated samples, heated G-0 lost compressive strength by 8.7% up to 1000 °C, while the foamed geopolymer gained compressive strength by 68.5% up to 1000 °C. The thermal stability of foamed geopolymer was greatly improved due to the increased porosity, lower thermal conductivity, and incompact microstructure, which helped to reduce pressure during moisture evaporation and resulted in lessened deterioration.</abstract><cop>Basel</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><pmid>35744142</pmid><doi>10.3390/ma15124085</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0185-5046</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6649-5435</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9302-3978</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6600-4969</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6585-3918</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2764-6480</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9292-749X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7093-7833</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Caustic soda Compressive strength Curing Fly ash Foaming Foams Fourier transforms Geopolymers High temperature Ladles Mechanical properties Moisture effects Polyoxyethylene Slag Sodium Thermal conductivity Thermal stability |
title | Preparation of Fly Ash-Ladle Furnace Slag Blended Geopolymer Foam via Pre-Foaming Method with Polyoxyethylene Alkyether Sulphate Incorporation |
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