Fast and ballistic contractions involve greater neuromuscular power production in older adults during resistance exercise
Purpose Neuromuscular power is critical for healthy ageing. Conventional older adult resistance training (RT) guidelines typically recommend lifting slowly (2-s; CONV), whereas fast/explosive contractions performed either non-ballistically (FAST-NB) or ballistically (FAST-B, attempting to throw the...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | European journal of applied physiology 2022-07, Vol.122 (7), p.1639-1655 |
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| creator | Mc Dermott, Emmet J. Balshaw, Thomas G. Brooke-Wavell, Katherine Maden-Wilkinson, Thomas M. Folland, Jonathan P. |
| description | Purpose
Neuromuscular power is critical for healthy ageing. Conventional older adult resistance training (RT) guidelines typically recommend lifting slowly (2-s; CONV), whereas fast/explosive contractions performed either non-ballistically (FAST-NB) or ballistically (FAST-B, attempting to throw the load) may involve greater acute power production, and could ultimately provide a greater chronic power adaptation stimulus. To compare the neuromechanics (power, force, velocity, and muscle activation) of different types of concentric isoinertial RT contractions in older adults.
Methods
Twelve active older adult males completed three sessions, each randomly assigned to one type of concentric contraction (CONV or FAST-NB or FAST-B). Each session involved lifting a range of loads (20–80%1RM) using an instrumented isoinertial leg press dynamometer that measured power, force, and velocity. Muscle activation was assessed with surface electromyography (sEMG).
Results
Peak and mean power were markedly different, according to the concentric contraction explosive intent FAST-B > FAST-NB > CONV, with FAST-B producing substantially more power (+ 49 to 1172%,
P
≤ 0.023), force (+ 10 to 136%,
P
|
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s00421-022-04947-x |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_9197913</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2651685009</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c540t-61458c92fb58e9fb6eafa3b1d39de1c2cc4d70a89ce40056f7d827b215b511b43</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9kUuPFCEUhYnROOPoH3BhSNy4KeVZVWxMzMRRk0nc6JpQcKtlQkMJRdvz76Wnx_axcHVvLt89cDgIPafkNSVkeFMIEYx2hLGOCCWGbv8AnVPBVddzNjw89VSdoSel3BBCRkbHx-iMS8EUU-Ic3V6ZsmITHZ5MCL6s3mKb4pqNXX2KBfu4S2EHeJPBrJBxhJrTthZbg8l4ST_abMnJ1Tu-4TgF12bG1bAW7Gr2cYMzlKZtogUMe8jWF3iKHs0mFHh2Xy_Q16v3Xy4_dtefP3y6fHfdWSnI2vVUyNEqNk9yBDVPPZjZ8Ik6rhxQy6wVbiBmVBYEIbKfBzeyYWJUTpLSSfAL9Paou9RpC87CwVzQS_Zbk291Ml7_fRL9N71JO62oGhTlTeDVvUBO3yuUVW99sRCCiZBq0ayXtB8lIaqhL_9Bb1LNsdlr1NBzpYiQjWJHyuZUSob59BhK9CFZfUxWt2T1XbJ635Ze_GnjtPIrygbwI1CWw5dD_n33f2R_Ah45s64</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2676399045</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Fast and ballistic contractions involve greater neuromuscular power production in older adults during resistance exercise</title><source>SpringerLink Journals</source><creator>Mc Dermott, Emmet J. ; Balshaw, Thomas G. ; Brooke-Wavell, Katherine ; Maden-Wilkinson, Thomas M. ; Folland, Jonathan P.</creator><creatorcontrib>Mc Dermott, Emmet J. ; Balshaw, Thomas G. ; Brooke-Wavell, Katherine ; Maden-Wilkinson, Thomas M. ; Folland, Jonathan P.</creatorcontrib><description>Purpose
Neuromuscular power is critical for healthy ageing. Conventional older adult resistance training (RT) guidelines typically recommend lifting slowly (2-s; CONV), whereas fast/explosive contractions performed either non-ballistically (FAST-NB) or ballistically (FAST-B, attempting to throw the load) may involve greater acute power production, and could ultimately provide a greater chronic power adaptation stimulus. To compare the neuromechanics (power, force, velocity, and muscle activation) of different types of concentric isoinertial RT contractions in older adults.
Methods
Twelve active older adult males completed three sessions, each randomly assigned to one type of concentric contraction (CONV or FAST-NB or FAST-B). Each session involved lifting a range of loads (20–80%1RM) using an instrumented isoinertial leg press dynamometer that measured power, force, and velocity. Muscle activation was assessed with surface electromyography (sEMG).
Results
Peak and mean power were markedly different, according to the concentric contraction explosive intent FAST-B > FAST-NB > CONV, with FAST-B producing substantially more power (+ 49 to 1172%,
P
≤ 0.023), force (+ 10 to 136%,
P
< 0.05) and velocity (+ 55 to 483%,
P
≤ 0.025) than CONV and FAST-NB contractions. Knee and hip extensor sEMG were typically higher during FAST-B than CON (all
P
< 0.02) and FAST-NB (≤ 50%1RM,
P
≤ 0.001).
Conclusions
FAST-B contractions produced markedly greater power, force, velocity and muscle activation across a range of loads than both CONV or FAST-NB and could provide a more potent RT stimulus for the chronic development of older adult power.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1439-6319</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1439-6327</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00421-022-04947-x</identifier><identifier>PMID: 35429294</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher><subject>Adults ; Aging ; Biomedical and Life Sciences ; Biomedicine ; Electromyography ; Human Physiology ; Muscle contraction ; Occupational Medicine/Industrial Medicine ; Older people ; Original ; Original Article ; Physical training ; Sports Medicine ; Strength training ; Velocity</subject><ispartof>European journal of applied physiology, 2022-07, Vol.122 (7), p.1639-1655</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2022</rights><rights>2022. The Author(s).</rights><rights>The Author(s) 2022. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c540t-61458c92fb58e9fb6eafa3b1d39de1c2cc4d70a89ce40056f7d827b215b511b43</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c540t-61458c92fb58e9fb6eafa3b1d39de1c2cc4d70a89ce40056f7d827b215b511b43</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-2606-1480</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00421-022-04947-x$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00421-022-04947-x$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,776,780,881,27901,27902,41464,42533,51294</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35429294$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Mc Dermott, Emmet J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Balshaw, Thomas G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brooke-Wavell, Katherine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Maden-Wilkinson, Thomas M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Folland, Jonathan P.</creatorcontrib><title>Fast and ballistic contractions involve greater neuromuscular power production in older adults during resistance exercise</title><title>European journal of applied physiology</title><addtitle>Eur J Appl Physiol</addtitle><addtitle>Eur J Appl Physiol</addtitle><description>Purpose
Neuromuscular power is critical for healthy ageing. Conventional older adult resistance training (RT) guidelines typically recommend lifting slowly (2-s; CONV), whereas fast/explosive contractions performed either non-ballistically (FAST-NB) or ballistically (FAST-B, attempting to throw the load) may involve greater acute power production, and could ultimately provide a greater chronic power adaptation stimulus. To compare the neuromechanics (power, force, velocity, and muscle activation) of different types of concentric isoinertial RT contractions in older adults.
Methods
Twelve active older adult males completed three sessions, each randomly assigned to one type of concentric contraction (CONV or FAST-NB or FAST-B). Each session involved lifting a range of loads (20–80%1RM) using an instrumented isoinertial leg press dynamometer that measured power, force, and velocity. Muscle activation was assessed with surface electromyography (sEMG).
Results
Peak and mean power were markedly different, according to the concentric contraction explosive intent FAST-B > FAST-NB > CONV, with FAST-B producing substantially more power (+ 49 to 1172%,
P
≤ 0.023), force (+ 10 to 136%,
P
< 0.05) and velocity (+ 55 to 483%,
P
≤ 0.025) than CONV and FAST-NB contractions. Knee and hip extensor sEMG were typically higher during FAST-B than CON (all
P
< 0.02) and FAST-NB (≤ 50%1RM,
P
≤ 0.001).
Conclusions
FAST-B contractions produced markedly greater power, force, velocity and muscle activation across a range of loads than both CONV or FAST-NB and could provide a more potent RT stimulus for the chronic development of older adult power.</description><subject>Adults</subject><subject>Aging</subject><subject>Biomedical and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Biomedicine</subject><subject>Electromyography</subject><subject>Human Physiology</subject><subject>Muscle contraction</subject><subject>Occupational Medicine/Industrial Medicine</subject><subject>Older people</subject><subject>Original</subject><subject>Original Article</subject><subject>Physical training</subject><subject>Sports Medicine</subject><subject>Strength training</subject><subject>Velocity</subject><issn>1439-6319</issn><issn>1439-6327</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>C6C</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kUuPFCEUhYnROOPoH3BhSNy4KeVZVWxMzMRRk0nc6JpQcKtlQkMJRdvz76Wnx_axcHVvLt89cDgIPafkNSVkeFMIEYx2hLGOCCWGbv8AnVPBVddzNjw89VSdoSel3BBCRkbHx-iMS8EUU-Ic3V6ZsmITHZ5MCL6s3mKb4pqNXX2KBfu4S2EHeJPBrJBxhJrTthZbg8l4ST_abMnJ1Tu-4TgF12bG1bAW7Gr2cYMzlKZtogUMe8jWF3iKHs0mFHh2Xy_Q16v3Xy4_dtefP3y6fHfdWSnI2vVUyNEqNk9yBDVPPZjZ8Ik6rhxQy6wVbiBmVBYEIbKfBzeyYWJUTpLSSfAL9Paou9RpC87CwVzQS_Zbk291Ml7_fRL9N71JO62oGhTlTeDVvUBO3yuUVW99sRCCiZBq0ayXtB8lIaqhL_9Bb1LNsdlr1NBzpYiQjWJHyuZUSob59BhK9CFZfUxWt2T1XbJ635Ze_GnjtPIrygbwI1CWw5dD_n33f2R_Ah45s64</recordid><startdate>20220701</startdate><enddate>20220701</enddate><creator>Mc Dermott, Emmet J.</creator><creator>Balshaw, Thomas G.</creator><creator>Brooke-Wavell, Katherine</creator><creator>Maden-Wilkinson, Thomas M.</creator><creator>Folland, Jonathan P.</creator><general>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>C6C</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88A</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2606-1480</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20220701</creationdate><title>Fast and ballistic contractions involve greater neuromuscular power production in older adults during resistance exercise</title><author>Mc Dermott, Emmet J. ; Balshaw, Thomas G. ; Brooke-Wavell, Katherine ; Maden-Wilkinson, Thomas M. ; Folland, Jonathan P.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c540t-61458c92fb58e9fb6eafa3b1d39de1c2cc4d70a89ce40056f7d827b215b511b43</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Adults</topic><topic>Aging</topic><topic>Biomedical and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Biomedicine</topic><topic>Electromyography</topic><topic>Human Physiology</topic><topic>Muscle contraction</topic><topic>Occupational Medicine/Industrial Medicine</topic><topic>Older people</topic><topic>Original</topic><topic>Original Article</topic><topic>Physical training</topic><topic>Sports Medicine</topic><topic>Strength training</topic><topic>Velocity</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Mc Dermott, Emmet J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Balshaw, Thomas G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brooke-Wavell, Katherine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Maden-Wilkinson, Thomas M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Folland, Jonathan P.</creatorcontrib><collection>Springer Nature OA Free Journals</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Biology Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>European journal of applied physiology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Mc Dermott, Emmet J.</au><au>Balshaw, Thomas G.</au><au>Brooke-Wavell, Katherine</au><au>Maden-Wilkinson, Thomas M.</au><au>Folland, Jonathan P.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Fast and ballistic contractions involve greater neuromuscular power production in older adults during resistance exercise</atitle><jtitle>European journal of applied physiology</jtitle><stitle>Eur J Appl Physiol</stitle><addtitle>Eur J Appl Physiol</addtitle><date>2022-07-01</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>122</volume><issue>7</issue><spage>1639</spage><epage>1655</epage><pages>1639-1655</pages><issn>1439-6319</issn><eissn>1439-6327</eissn><abstract>Purpose
Neuromuscular power is critical for healthy ageing. Conventional older adult resistance training (RT) guidelines typically recommend lifting slowly (2-s; CONV), whereas fast/explosive contractions performed either non-ballistically (FAST-NB) or ballistically (FAST-B, attempting to throw the load) may involve greater acute power production, and could ultimately provide a greater chronic power adaptation stimulus. To compare the neuromechanics (power, force, velocity, and muscle activation) of different types of concentric isoinertial RT contractions in older adults.
Methods
Twelve active older adult males completed three sessions, each randomly assigned to one type of concentric contraction (CONV or FAST-NB or FAST-B). Each session involved lifting a range of loads (20–80%1RM) using an instrumented isoinertial leg press dynamometer that measured power, force, and velocity. Muscle activation was assessed with surface electromyography (sEMG).
Results
Peak and mean power were markedly different, according to the concentric contraction explosive intent FAST-B > FAST-NB > CONV, with FAST-B producing substantially more power (+ 49 to 1172%,
P
≤ 0.023), force (+ 10 to 136%,
P
< 0.05) and velocity (+ 55 to 483%,
P
≤ 0.025) than CONV and FAST-NB contractions. Knee and hip extensor sEMG were typically higher during FAST-B than CON (all
P
< 0.02) and FAST-NB (≤ 50%1RM,
P
≤ 0.001).
Conclusions
FAST-B contractions produced markedly greater power, force, velocity and muscle activation across a range of loads than both CONV or FAST-NB and could provide a more potent RT stimulus for the chronic development of older adult power.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</pub><pmid>35429294</pmid><doi>10.1007/s00421-022-04947-x</doi><tpages>17</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2606-1480</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| identifier | ISSN: 1439-6319 |
| ispartof | European journal of applied physiology, 2022-07, Vol.122 (7), p.1639-1655 |
| issn | 1439-6319 1439-6327 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_9197913 |
| source | SpringerLink Journals |
| subjects | Adults Aging Biomedical and Life Sciences Biomedicine Electromyography Human Physiology Muscle contraction Occupational Medicine/Industrial Medicine Older people Original Original Article Physical training Sports Medicine Strength training Velocity |
| title | Fast and ballistic contractions involve greater neuromuscular power production in older adults during resistance exercise |
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