Exercise and Reduced Nicotine Content Cigarettes in Adult Female Smokers: A Pilot Trial
Background: Although Reduced Nicotine Cigarettes (RNC) are suggested to improve smoking cessation and cardiometabolic health in relation to cancer risk, the effectiveness of exercise training with RNC on smoking cessation and cardiometabolic health is unknown. Methods: Female smokers (N = 27) were r...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | International journal of environmental research and public health 2022-05, Vol.19 (11), p.6647 |
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| creator | Li, Chaofan Yao, Nengliang Miller, Stephanie L Macpherson, Christopher Hassinger, Taryn Love, Kaitlin Malin, Steven K |
| description | Background: Although Reduced Nicotine Cigarettes (RNC) are suggested to improve smoking cessation and cardiometabolic health in relation to cancer risk, the effectiveness of exercise training with RNC on smoking cessation and cardiometabolic health is unknown. Methods: Female smokers (N = 27) were randomized to: (1) usual nicotine cigarettes (i.e., control), (2) RNC or (3) RNC plus exercise treatment for 12 weeks. Smoking withdrawal symptoms (e.g., Wisconsin Smoking Withdrawal Scale) and cardiometabolic health (e.g., weight, VO2max, resting respiratory exchange ratio (RER), glucose, HOMA-IR) were examined before and after treatment. Results: Treatments had no differential effect on weight (p = 0.80; partial η2 = 0.29), VO2max (p = 0.20, partial η2 = 0.18), or total cholesterol/HDL ratios (p = 0.59, partial η2 = 0.06). However, RNC + Exercise tended to maintain RER (i.e., fat oxidation; p = 0.10, partial η2 = 0.10) as well as insulin resistance (p = 0.13, partial η2 = 0.25) and cortisol compared (p = 0.06, partial η2 = 0.30) with control and RNC. Increased VO2max was also associated with lower nicotine dependence scores (r = −0.50, p < 0.05). Conclusion: In this pilot study, improved fitness was associated with lower nicotine dependence. Additional work is warranted to examine the effects of exercise in smokers as a tool to improving smoking cessation and lower disease risk. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/ijerph19116647 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_9180864</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2674350607</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c373t-1effbcbcec09248b9c5b53f8d2ef3b639797767cdbadf510b53048b57d8929143</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNpdkUtLxDAUhYMovrcuJeDGzWjStEnjQhiG8QGi4gOXIU1uNWPbjEkq-u_t4AN1dS-c7x7O5SC0Q8kBY5IcuhmE-ROVlHKeiyW0Pkwyyjmhy7_2NbQR44wQVuZcrqI1VvAyy1i2jh6mbxCMi4B1Z_EN2N6AxZfO-OQ6wBPfJegSnrhHHSAliNh1eGz7JuETaHUD-Lb1zxDiER7ja9f4hO-C080WWql1E2H7a26i-5Pp3eRsdHF1ej4ZX4wMEyyNKNR1ZSoDhsgsLytpiqpgdWkzqFnFmRRSCC6MrbStC0oGkQxYIWwpM0lztomOP33nfdWCNUPYoBs1D67V4V157dRfpXNP6tG_KklLUvKFwf6XQfAvPcSkWhcNNI3uwPdRZVwUnJSZlAO69w-d-T50w3sLKmcF4UQM1MEnZYKPMUD9E4YStehM_e1sONj9_cIP_l0S-wC89pOR</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2674350607</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Exercise and Reduced Nicotine Content Cigarettes in Adult Female Smokers: A Pilot Trial</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>PubMed Central Open Access</source><source>MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute</source><source>EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals</source><source>PubMed Central</source><source>Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry</source><creator>Li, Chaofan ; Yao, Nengliang ; Miller, Stephanie L ; Macpherson, Christopher ; Hassinger, Taryn ; Love, Kaitlin ; Malin, Steven K</creator><creatorcontrib>Li, Chaofan ; Yao, Nengliang ; Miller, Stephanie L ; Macpherson, Christopher ; Hassinger, Taryn ; Love, Kaitlin ; Malin, Steven K</creatorcontrib><description>Background: Although Reduced Nicotine Cigarettes (RNC) are suggested to improve smoking cessation and cardiometabolic health in relation to cancer risk, the effectiveness of exercise training with RNC on smoking cessation and cardiometabolic health is unknown. Methods: Female smokers (N = 27) were randomized to: (1) usual nicotine cigarettes (i.e., control), (2) RNC or (3) RNC plus exercise treatment for 12 weeks. Smoking withdrawal symptoms (e.g., Wisconsin Smoking Withdrawal Scale) and cardiometabolic health (e.g., weight, VO2max, resting respiratory exchange ratio (RER), glucose, HOMA-IR) were examined before and after treatment. Results: Treatments had no differential effect on weight (p = 0.80; partial η2 = 0.29), VO2max (p = 0.20, partial η2 = 0.18), or total cholesterol/HDL ratios (p = 0.59, partial η2 = 0.06). However, RNC + Exercise tended to maintain RER (i.e., fat oxidation; p = 0.10, partial η2 = 0.10) as well as insulin resistance (p = 0.13, partial η2 = 0.25) and cortisol compared (p = 0.06, partial η2 = 0.30) with control and RNC. Increased VO2max was also associated with lower nicotine dependence scores (r = −0.50, p < 0.05). Conclusion: In this pilot study, improved fitness was associated with lower nicotine dependence. Additional work is warranted to examine the effects of exercise in smokers as a tool to improving smoking cessation and lower disease risk.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1660-4601</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1661-7827</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1660-4601</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19116647</identifier><identifier>PMID: 35682232</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Adult ; Cardiovascular disease ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Cholesterol ; Cigarette smoking ; Cigarettes ; Dependence ; Drug addiction ; Drug dependence ; Exercise ; Exercise intensity ; Female ; Fitness equipment ; Fitness training programs ; Health risks ; Heart rate ; High density lipoprotein ; Humans ; Insulin ; Insulin resistance ; Laboratories ; Metabolism ; Mortality ; Nicotine ; Oxidation ; Oxygen consumption ; Physical fitness ; Physical training ; Pilot Projects ; Signs and symptoms ; Smokers ; Smoking ; Smoking cessation ; Tobacco Products ; Tobacco Use Disorder - therapy ; Variance analysis ; Womens health</subject><ispartof>International journal of environmental research and public health, 2022-05, Vol.19 (11), p.6647</ispartof><rights>2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2022 by the authors. 2022</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c373t-1effbcbcec09248b9c5b53f8d2ef3b639797767cdbadf510b53048b57d8929143</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-9352-393X ; 0000-0002-7360-6711</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9180864/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9180864/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,27924,27925,53791,53793</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35682232$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Li, Chaofan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yao, Nengliang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Miller, Stephanie L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Macpherson, Christopher</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hassinger, Taryn</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Love, Kaitlin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Malin, Steven K</creatorcontrib><title>Exercise and Reduced Nicotine Content Cigarettes in Adult Female Smokers: A Pilot Trial</title><title>International journal of environmental research and public health</title><addtitle>Int J Environ Res Public Health</addtitle><description>Background: Although Reduced Nicotine Cigarettes (RNC) are suggested to improve smoking cessation and cardiometabolic health in relation to cancer risk, the effectiveness of exercise training with RNC on smoking cessation and cardiometabolic health is unknown. Methods: Female smokers (N = 27) were randomized to: (1) usual nicotine cigarettes (i.e., control), (2) RNC or (3) RNC plus exercise treatment for 12 weeks. Smoking withdrawal symptoms (e.g., Wisconsin Smoking Withdrawal Scale) and cardiometabolic health (e.g., weight, VO2max, resting respiratory exchange ratio (RER), glucose, HOMA-IR) were examined before and after treatment. Results: Treatments had no differential effect on weight (p = 0.80; partial η2 = 0.29), VO2max (p = 0.20, partial η2 = 0.18), or total cholesterol/HDL ratios (p = 0.59, partial η2 = 0.06). However, RNC + Exercise tended to maintain RER (i.e., fat oxidation; p = 0.10, partial η2 = 0.10) as well as insulin resistance (p = 0.13, partial η2 = 0.25) and cortisol compared (p = 0.06, partial η2 = 0.30) with control and RNC. Increased VO2max was also associated with lower nicotine dependence scores (r = −0.50, p < 0.05). Conclusion: In this pilot study, improved fitness was associated with lower nicotine dependence. Additional work is warranted to examine the effects of exercise in smokers as a tool to improving smoking cessation and lower disease risk.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Cardiovascular disease</subject><subject>Cardiovascular Diseases</subject><subject>Cholesterol</subject><subject>Cigarette smoking</subject><subject>Cigarettes</subject><subject>Dependence</subject><subject>Drug addiction</subject><subject>Drug dependence</subject><subject>Exercise</subject><subject>Exercise intensity</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fitness equipment</subject><subject>Fitness training programs</subject><subject>Health risks</subject><subject>Heart rate</subject><subject>High density lipoprotein</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Insulin</subject><subject>Insulin resistance</subject><subject>Laboratories</subject><subject>Metabolism</subject><subject>Mortality</subject><subject>Nicotine</subject><subject>Oxidation</subject><subject>Oxygen consumption</subject><subject>Physical fitness</subject><subject>Physical training</subject><subject>Pilot Projects</subject><subject>Signs and symptoms</subject><subject>Smokers</subject><subject>Smoking</subject><subject>Smoking cessation</subject><subject>Tobacco Products</subject><subject>Tobacco Use Disorder - therapy</subject><subject>Variance analysis</subject><subject>Womens health</subject><issn>1660-4601</issn><issn>1661-7827</issn><issn>1660-4601</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><recordid>eNpdkUtLxDAUhYMovrcuJeDGzWjStEnjQhiG8QGi4gOXIU1uNWPbjEkq-u_t4AN1dS-c7x7O5SC0Q8kBY5IcuhmE-ROVlHKeiyW0Pkwyyjmhy7_2NbQR44wQVuZcrqI1VvAyy1i2jh6mbxCMi4B1Z_EN2N6AxZfO-OQ6wBPfJegSnrhHHSAliNh1eGz7JuETaHUD-Lb1zxDiER7ja9f4hO-C080WWql1E2H7a26i-5Pp3eRsdHF1ej4ZX4wMEyyNKNR1ZSoDhsgsLytpiqpgdWkzqFnFmRRSCC6MrbStC0oGkQxYIWwpM0lztomOP33nfdWCNUPYoBs1D67V4V157dRfpXNP6tG_KklLUvKFwf6XQfAvPcSkWhcNNI3uwPdRZVwUnJSZlAO69w-d-T50w3sLKmcF4UQM1MEnZYKPMUD9E4YStehM_e1sONj9_cIP_l0S-wC89pOR</recordid><startdate>20220529</startdate><enddate>20220529</enddate><creator>Li, Chaofan</creator><creator>Yao, Nengliang</creator><creator>Miller, Stephanie L</creator><creator>Macpherson, Christopher</creator><creator>Hassinger, Taryn</creator><creator>Love, Kaitlin</creator><creator>Malin, Steven K</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><general>MDPI</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9352-393X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7360-6711</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20220529</creationdate><title>Exercise and Reduced Nicotine Content Cigarettes in Adult Female Smokers: A Pilot Trial</title><author>Li, Chaofan ; Yao, Nengliang ; Miller, Stephanie L ; Macpherson, Christopher ; Hassinger, Taryn ; Love, Kaitlin ; Malin, Steven K</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c373t-1effbcbcec09248b9c5b53f8d2ef3b639797767cdbadf510b53048b57d8929143</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Cardiovascular disease</topic><topic>Cardiovascular Diseases</topic><topic>Cholesterol</topic><topic>Cigarette smoking</topic><topic>Cigarettes</topic><topic>Dependence</topic><topic>Drug addiction</topic><topic>Drug dependence</topic><topic>Exercise</topic><topic>Exercise intensity</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fitness equipment</topic><topic>Fitness training programs</topic><topic>Health risks</topic><topic>Heart rate</topic><topic>High density lipoprotein</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Insulin</topic><topic>Insulin resistance</topic><topic>Laboratories</topic><topic>Metabolism</topic><topic>Mortality</topic><topic>Nicotine</topic><topic>Oxidation</topic><topic>Oxygen consumption</topic><topic>Physical fitness</topic><topic>Physical training</topic><topic>Pilot Projects</topic><topic>Signs and symptoms</topic><topic>Smokers</topic><topic>Smoking</topic><topic>Smoking cessation</topic><topic>Tobacco Products</topic><topic>Tobacco Use Disorder - therapy</topic><topic>Variance analysis</topic><topic>Womens health</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Li, Chaofan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yao, Nengliang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Miller, Stephanie L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Macpherson, Christopher</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hassinger, Taryn</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Love, Kaitlin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Malin, Steven K</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>International journal of environmental research and public health</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Li, Chaofan</au><au>Yao, Nengliang</au><au>Miller, Stephanie L</au><au>Macpherson, Christopher</au><au>Hassinger, Taryn</au><au>Love, Kaitlin</au><au>Malin, Steven K</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Exercise and Reduced Nicotine Content Cigarettes in Adult Female Smokers: A Pilot Trial</atitle><jtitle>International journal of environmental research and public health</jtitle><addtitle>Int J Environ Res Public Health</addtitle><date>2022-05-29</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>19</volume><issue>11</issue><spage>6647</spage><pages>6647-</pages><issn>1660-4601</issn><issn>1661-7827</issn><eissn>1660-4601</eissn><abstract>Background: Although Reduced Nicotine Cigarettes (RNC) are suggested to improve smoking cessation and cardiometabolic health in relation to cancer risk, the effectiveness of exercise training with RNC on smoking cessation and cardiometabolic health is unknown. Methods: Female smokers (N = 27) were randomized to: (1) usual nicotine cigarettes (i.e., control), (2) RNC or (3) RNC plus exercise treatment for 12 weeks. Smoking withdrawal symptoms (e.g., Wisconsin Smoking Withdrawal Scale) and cardiometabolic health (e.g., weight, VO2max, resting respiratory exchange ratio (RER), glucose, HOMA-IR) were examined before and after treatment. Results: Treatments had no differential effect on weight (p = 0.80; partial η2 = 0.29), VO2max (p = 0.20, partial η2 = 0.18), or total cholesterol/HDL ratios (p = 0.59, partial η2 = 0.06). However, RNC + Exercise tended to maintain RER (i.e., fat oxidation; p = 0.10, partial η2 = 0.10) as well as insulin resistance (p = 0.13, partial η2 = 0.25) and cortisol compared (p = 0.06, partial η2 = 0.30) with control and RNC. Increased VO2max was also associated with lower nicotine dependence scores (r = −0.50, p < 0.05). Conclusion: In this pilot study, improved fitness was associated with lower nicotine dependence. Additional work is warranted to examine the effects of exercise in smokers as a tool to improving smoking cessation and lower disease risk.</abstract><cop>Switzerland</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><pmid>35682232</pmid><doi>10.3390/ijerph19116647</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9352-393X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7360-6711</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adult Cardiovascular disease Cardiovascular Diseases Cholesterol Cigarette smoking Cigarettes Dependence Drug addiction Drug dependence Exercise Exercise intensity Female Fitness equipment Fitness training programs Health risks Heart rate High density lipoprotein Humans Insulin Insulin resistance Laboratories Metabolism Mortality Nicotine Oxidation Oxygen consumption Physical fitness Physical training Pilot Projects Signs and symptoms Smokers Smoking Smoking cessation Tobacco Products Tobacco Use Disorder - therapy Variance analysis Womens health |
| title | Exercise and Reduced Nicotine Content Cigarettes in Adult Female Smokers: A Pilot Trial |
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