Pork products associated with human infection caused by an emerging phylotype of hepatitis E virus in England and Wales
Since 2010, human hepatitis E infections have increased in England and Wales. Most cases are locally acquired and caused by hepatitis E virus genotype 3 (HEV G3). HEV G3 is linked to the consumption of pork products. The increase is associated with the emergence of a new phylotype, HEV G3-group 2 (G...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Epidemiology and infection 2017-09, Vol.145 (12), p.2417-2423 |
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| creator | SAID, B. USDIN, M. WARBURTON, F. IJAZ, S. TEDDER, R.S. MORGAN, D. |
| description | Since 2010, human hepatitis E infections have increased in England and Wales. Most cases are locally acquired and caused by hepatitis E virus genotype 3 (HEV G3). HEV G3 is linked to the consumption of pork products. The increase is associated with the emergence of a new phylotype, HEV G3-group 2 (G3-2, also known as G3abcdhij). Sixty individuals with confirmed hepatitis E infection and no history of travel outside the UK were recruited: 19 were infected with HEV G3-group 1 (G3-1 or G3efg) and 41 with G3-2. Epidemiological data relating to usual shopping habits and consumption of ham and sausages were analysed together with typing data to identify any associations with HEV phylotype. Study participants who purchased ham and/or sausage from a major supermarket were more likely to have HEV G3-2 infection (Relative risks 1·85, P = 0·06, CI 0·97–3·53). The HEV G3-2 phylotype has not been detected in indigenous UK pigs and it is suggested that human infections could be the result of consumption of products made from pork originating outside the UK. This does not infer blame on the supermarket but the epidemiology of HEV is dynamic and reflects complex animal husbandry practices which need to be explored further. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1017/S0950268817001388 |
| format | Article |
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Most cases are locally acquired and caused by hepatitis E virus genotype 3 (HEV G3). HEV G3 is linked to the consumption of pork products. The increase is associated with the emergence of a new phylotype, HEV G3-group 2 (G3-2, also known as G3abcdhij). Sixty individuals with confirmed hepatitis E infection and no history of travel outside the UK were recruited: 19 were infected with HEV G3-group 1 (G3-1 or G3efg) and 41 with G3-2. Epidemiological data relating to usual shopping habits and consumption of ham and sausages were analysed together with typing data to identify any associations with HEV phylotype. Study participants who purchased ham and/or sausage from a major supermarket were more likely to have HEV G3-2 infection (Relative risks 1·85, P = 0·06, CI 0·97–3·53). The HEV G3-2 phylotype has not been detected in indigenous UK pigs and it is suggested that human infections could be the result of consumption of products made from pork originating outside the UK. This does not infer blame on the supermarket but the epidemiology of HEV is dynamic and reflects complex animal husbandry practices which need to be explored further.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0950-2688</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1469-4409</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1017/S0950268817001388</identifier><identifier>PMID: 28756783</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press</publisher><subject>Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Animal husbandry ; Animals ; Blood & organ donations ; Cohort Studies ; Consumption ; Disease prevention ; England - epidemiology ; Epidemiology ; Female ; Food contamination & poisoning ; Genotype & phenotype ; Habits ; Ham ; Health risks ; Health surveillance ; Hepatitis ; Hepatitis E - epidemiology ; Hepatitis E - virology ; Hepatitis E virus - genetics ; Hepatitis E virus - physiology ; Hogs ; Humans ; Infections ; Infectious diseases ; Interviews ; Laboratories ; Male ; Meat Products - virology ; Middle Aged ; Original Papers ; Pork ; Public health ; Questionnaires ; Red Meat - virology ; Risk assessment ; Sausages ; Sus scrofa ; Swine ; Transplants & implants ; Virology ; Viruses ; Wales - epidemiology ; Young Adult ; Zoonoses</subject><ispartof>Epidemiology and infection, 2017-09, Vol.145 (12), p.2417-2423</ispartof><rights>Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2017</rights><rights>Cambridge University Press 2017</rights><rights>Cambridge University Press 2017 2017 Cambridge University Press</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c493t-55782f5bbc92418db410c25327b29fb29dc60569ab6935de6e32277991c98cec3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c493t-55782f5bbc92418db410c25327b29fb29dc60569ab6935de6e32277991c98cec3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/26521331$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/26521331$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,724,777,781,800,882,27905,27906,53772,53774,57998,58231</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28756783$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>SAID, B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>USDIN, M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>WARBURTON, F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>IJAZ, S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>TEDDER, R.S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>MORGAN, D.</creatorcontrib><title>Pork products associated with human infection caused by an emerging phylotype of hepatitis E virus in England and Wales</title><title>Epidemiology and infection</title><addtitle>Epidemiol. Infect</addtitle><description>Since 2010, human hepatitis E infections have increased in England and Wales. Most cases are locally acquired and caused by hepatitis E virus genotype 3 (HEV G3). HEV G3 is linked to the consumption of pork products. The increase is associated with the emergence of a new phylotype, HEV G3-group 2 (G3-2, also known as G3abcdhij). Sixty individuals with confirmed hepatitis E infection and no history of travel outside the UK were recruited: 19 were infected with HEV G3-group 1 (G3-1 or G3efg) and 41 with G3-2. Epidemiological data relating to usual shopping habits and consumption of ham and sausages were analysed together with typing data to identify any associations with HEV phylotype. Study participants who purchased ham and/or sausage from a major supermarket were more likely to have HEV G3-2 infection (Relative risks 1·85, P = 0·06, CI 0·97–3·53). The HEV G3-2 phylotype has not been detected in indigenous UK pigs and it is suggested that human infections could be the result of consumption of products made from pork originating outside the UK. This does not infer blame on the supermarket but the epidemiology of HEV is dynamic and reflects complex animal husbandry practices which need to be explored further.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Aged, 80 and over</subject><subject>Animal husbandry</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Blood & organ donations</subject><subject>Cohort Studies</subject><subject>Consumption</subject><subject>Disease prevention</subject><subject>England - epidemiology</subject><subject>Epidemiology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Food contamination & poisoning</subject><subject>Genotype & phenotype</subject><subject>Habits</subject><subject>Ham</subject><subject>Health risks</subject><subject>Health surveillance</subject><subject>Hepatitis</subject><subject>Hepatitis E - epidemiology</subject><subject>Hepatitis E - virology</subject><subject>Hepatitis E virus - genetics</subject><subject>Hepatitis E virus - physiology</subject><subject>Hogs</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Infections</subject><subject>Infectious diseases</subject><subject>Interviews</subject><subject>Laboratories</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Meat Products - virology</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Original Papers</subject><subject>Pork</subject><subject>Public health</subject><subject>Questionnaires</subject><subject>Red Meat - virology</subject><subject>Risk assessment</subject><subject>Sausages</subject><subject>Sus scrofa</subject><subject>Swine</subject><subject>Transplants & implants</subject><subject>Virology</subject><subject>Viruses</subject><subject>Wales - epidemiology</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><subject>Zoonoses</subject><issn>0950-2688</issn><issn>1469-4409</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2017</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kU1rFDEYx4NY7Lr6ATwoAS9epuZ1klyEUtZWKFRQ8ThkMpmZrDOTMcm07Ldvll1rVTw8CTz_3_MOwCuMzjDC4v0XpDgipZRYIISplE_ACrNSFYwh9RSs9nKx10_B8xi3CCFFpHgGTvPLSyHpCtx99uEHnINvFpMi1DF643SyDbxzqYf9MuoJuqm1Jjk_QaOXmLV6B7PbjjZ0burg3O8Gn3azhb6FvZ11cslFuIG3Liwxh8PN1A16auDevuvBxhfgpNVDtC-P_xp8-7j5enFVXN9cfro4vy4MUzQVnAtJWl7XRhGGZVMzjAzhlIiaqDZbY0rES6XrUlHe2NJSQoRQChsljTV0DT4c8s5LPdrG2CkFPVRzcKMOu8prV_2pTK6vOn9bKcykyCtag3fHBMH_XGxM1eiisUMex_olVjg3JqViqMzo27_QrV_ClMfLFGcSibz3TOEDZYKPMdj2oRmMqv1Zq3_OmmPePJ7iIeLXHTPw-gBsY_Lht15yginFWafHonqsg2s6-6i3_5a9BxUot6c</recordid><startdate>20170901</startdate><enddate>20170901</enddate><creator>SAID, B.</creator><creator>USDIN, M.</creator><creator>WARBURTON, F.</creator><creator>IJAZ, S.</creator><creator>TEDDER, R.S.</creator><creator>MORGAN, D.</creator><general>Cambridge University Press</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7T2</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88A</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AN0</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20170901</creationdate><title>Pork products associated with human infection caused by an emerging phylotype of hepatitis E virus in England and Wales</title><author>SAID, B. ; USDIN, M. ; WARBURTON, F. ; IJAZ, S. ; TEDDER, R.S. ; MORGAN, D.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c493t-55782f5bbc92418db410c25327b29fb29dc60569ab6935de6e32277991c98cec3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2017</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Aged, 80 and over</topic><topic>Animal husbandry</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Blood & organ donations</topic><topic>Cohort Studies</topic><topic>Consumption</topic><topic>Disease prevention</topic><topic>England - 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Epidemiology and infection</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>SAID, B.</au><au>USDIN, M.</au><au>WARBURTON, F.</au><au>IJAZ, S.</au><au>TEDDER, R.S.</au><au>MORGAN, D.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Pork products associated with human infection caused by an emerging phylotype of hepatitis E virus in England and Wales</atitle><jtitle>Epidemiology and infection</jtitle><addtitle>Epidemiol. Infect</addtitle><date>2017-09-01</date><risdate>2017</risdate><volume>145</volume><issue>12</issue><spage>2417</spage><epage>2423</epage><pages>2417-2423</pages><issn>0950-2688</issn><eissn>1469-4409</eissn><abstract>Since 2010, human hepatitis E infections have increased in England and Wales. Most cases are locally acquired and caused by hepatitis E virus genotype 3 (HEV G3). HEV G3 is linked to the consumption of pork products. The increase is associated with the emergence of a new phylotype, HEV G3-group 2 (G3-2, also known as G3abcdhij). Sixty individuals with confirmed hepatitis E infection and no history of travel outside the UK were recruited: 19 were infected with HEV G3-group 1 (G3-1 or G3efg) and 41 with G3-2. Epidemiological data relating to usual shopping habits and consumption of ham and sausages were analysed together with typing data to identify any associations with HEV phylotype. Study participants who purchased ham and/or sausage from a major supermarket were more likely to have HEV G3-2 infection (Relative risks 1·85, P = 0·06, CI 0·97–3·53). The HEV G3-2 phylotype has not been detected in indigenous UK pigs and it is suggested that human infections could be the result of consumption of products made from pork originating outside the UK. This does not infer blame on the supermarket but the epidemiology of HEV is dynamic and reflects complex animal husbandry practices which need to be explored further.</abstract><cop>Cambridge, UK</cop><pub>Cambridge University Press</pub><pmid>28756783</pmid><doi>10.1017/S0950268817001388</doi><tpages>7</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | MEDLINE; Jstor Complete Legacy; PubMed Central |
| subjects | Adult Aged Aged, 80 and over Animal husbandry Animals Blood & organ donations Cohort Studies Consumption Disease prevention England - epidemiology Epidemiology Female Food contamination & poisoning Genotype & phenotype Habits Ham Health risks Health surveillance Hepatitis Hepatitis E - epidemiology Hepatitis E - virology Hepatitis E virus - genetics Hepatitis E virus - physiology Hogs Humans Infections Infectious diseases Interviews Laboratories Male Meat Products - virology Middle Aged Original Papers Pork Public health Questionnaires Red Meat - virology Risk assessment Sausages Sus scrofa Swine Transplants & implants Virology Viruses Wales - epidemiology Young Adult Zoonoses |
| title | Pork products associated with human infection caused by an emerging phylotype of hepatitis E virus in England and Wales |
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