The Role of Dietary Intake in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Importance of Macro and Micronutrients in Glucose Homeostasis
The prevalence of Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is increasing worldwide. Genetics and lifestyle, especially diet, are contributing factors. Analyses of macro- and micronutrient intake across global populations may help to explain their impact on glucose homeostasis and disease development. To this end, 420...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Nutrients 2022-05, Vol.14 (10), p.2132 |
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| creator | Kheriji, Nadia Boukhalfa, Wided Mahjoub, Faten Hechmi, Meriem Dakhlaoui, Thouraya Mrad, Mehdi Hadj Salah Bahlous, Afef Ben Amor, Nadia Jamoussi, Henda Kefi, Rym |
| description | The prevalence of Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is increasing worldwide. Genetics and lifestyle, especially diet, are contributing factors. Analyses of macro- and micronutrient intake across global populations may help to explain their impact on glucose homeostasis and disease development. To this end, 420 Tunisians were enrolled in a prospective cross-sectional study of daily food consumption. Various data were collected and blood samples were drawn for biochemical assay. A 24-h recall questionnaire was obtained from participants to evaluate dietary intake. Statistical analyses were conducted using Nutrilog and R software. Biochemical analyses stratified the studied population (
371) into three groups: diabetics (
106), prediabetics (
192) and controls (
73); 49 subjects were excluded. Our results showed that Tunisians had hypercaloric diets high in carbohydrates and fat with variability in the levels of some vitamins and minerals, including riboflavin and niacin, that were statistically different among groups. The lower intake of vitamin D was associated with a greater risk of T2D. Higher vitamin A and sodium intake were associated with poor glucose homeostasis, although protein intake may improve it. In perspective, nutrigenomic studies can provide insight into problematic diets and poor eating habits and offer opportunities to analyze the effects of behavioral changes that can mitigate T2D development and progression. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/nu14102132 |
| format | Article |
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371) into three groups: diabetics (
106), prediabetics (
192) and controls (
73); 49 subjects were excluded. Our results showed that Tunisians had hypercaloric diets high in carbohydrates and fat with variability in the levels of some vitamins and minerals, including riboflavin and niacin, that were statistically different among groups. The lower intake of vitamin D was associated with a greater risk of T2D. Higher vitamin A and sodium intake were associated with poor glucose homeostasis, although protein intake may improve it. In perspective, nutrigenomic studies can provide insight into problematic diets and poor eating habits and offer opportunities to analyze the effects of behavioral changes that can mitigate T2D development and progression.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2072-6643</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2072-6643</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/nu14102132</identifier><identifier>PMID: 35631273</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Body mass index ; Carbohydrates ; Consent ; Diabetes ; Diabetes mellitus ; Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent) ; Diet ; Dietary intake ; Fatty acids ; Food ; Food consumption ; Genetics ; Glucose ; Homeostasis ; Insulin resistance ; Laboratories ; Lifestyles ; Metabolism ; Micronutrients ; Minerals ; Nutrients ; Nutrition research ; Obesity ; Population studies ; Public health ; Questionnaires ; Riboflavin ; Software ; Statistical analysis ; Statistical methods ; Variance analysis ; Vitamin A ; Vitamin D ; Vitamins</subject><ispartof>Nutrients, 2022-05, Vol.14 (10), p.2132</ispartof><rights>2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2022 by the authors. 2022</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c406t-bfec97f80363b9e99d122c3df14253beee179c07c112d2b3b6f0c1a35263cd7f3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c406t-bfec97f80363b9e99d122c3df14253beee179c07c112d2b3b6f0c1a35263cd7f3</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-8483-9927 ; 0000-0002-8215-3718 ; 0000-0002-3718-7089</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9143672/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9143672/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,881,27901,27902,53766,53768</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35631273$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Kheriji, Nadia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Boukhalfa, Wided</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mahjoub, Faten</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hechmi, Meriem</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dakhlaoui, Thouraya</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mrad, Mehdi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hadj Salah Bahlous, Afef</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ben Amor, Nadia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jamoussi, Henda</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kefi, Rym</creatorcontrib><title>The Role of Dietary Intake in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Importance of Macro and Micronutrients in Glucose Homeostasis</title><title>Nutrients</title><addtitle>Nutrients</addtitle><description>The prevalence of Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is increasing worldwide. Genetics and lifestyle, especially diet, are contributing factors. Analyses of macro- and micronutrient intake across global populations may help to explain their impact on glucose homeostasis and disease development. To this end, 420 Tunisians were enrolled in a prospective cross-sectional study of daily food consumption. Various data were collected and blood samples were drawn for biochemical assay. A 24-h recall questionnaire was obtained from participants to evaluate dietary intake. Statistical analyses were conducted using Nutrilog and R software. Biochemical analyses stratified the studied population (
371) into three groups: diabetics (
106), prediabetics (
192) and controls (
73); 49 subjects were excluded. Our results showed that Tunisians had hypercaloric diets high in carbohydrates and fat with variability in the levels of some vitamins and minerals, including riboflavin and niacin, that were statistically different among groups. The lower intake of vitamin D was associated with a greater risk of T2D. Higher vitamin A and sodium intake were associated with poor glucose homeostasis, although protein intake may improve it. In perspective, nutrigenomic studies can provide insight into problematic diets and poor eating habits and offer opportunities to analyze the effects of behavioral changes that can mitigate T2D development and progression.</description><subject>Body mass index</subject><subject>Carbohydrates</subject><subject>Consent</subject><subject>Diabetes</subject><subject>Diabetes mellitus</subject><subject>Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent)</subject><subject>Diet</subject><subject>Dietary intake</subject><subject>Fatty acids</subject><subject>Food</subject><subject>Food consumption</subject><subject>Genetics</subject><subject>Glucose</subject><subject>Homeostasis</subject><subject>Insulin resistance</subject><subject>Laboratories</subject><subject>Lifestyles</subject><subject>Metabolism</subject><subject>Micronutrients</subject><subject>Minerals</subject><subject>Nutrients</subject><subject>Nutrition research</subject><subject>Obesity</subject><subject>Population studies</subject><subject>Public health</subject><subject>Questionnaires</subject><subject>Riboflavin</subject><subject>Software</subject><subject>Statistical analysis</subject><subject>Statistical methods</subject><subject>Variance analysis</subject><subject>Vitamin A</subject><subject>Vitamin D</subject><subject>Vitamins</subject><issn>2072-6643</issn><issn>2072-6643</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNpdkV1LHTEQhkOpVFFv-gNKwJsiHE0yexLXi4LYVg94KJTT65DNztbY3eQ0H4L_vjl-29zMwDx5eWdeQj5ydgTQsmNfeMOZ4CDekR3BlJhJ2cD7V_022U_phm2eYkrCB7INcwlcKNghZXWN9GcYkYaBfnWYTbyjC5_NH6TO09XdGqmoA9NhxkSXOI4ul3RKF9M6xGy8vf-5NDYGanxPl652vuTo0Oe00bgYiw0J6WWYMKRskkt7ZGswY8L9x7pLfn3_tjq_nF39uFicn13NbMNknnUD2lYNJwwkdC22bc-FsNAPvBFz6BCRq9YyZTkXveigkwOz3MBcSLC9GmCXfHnQXZduwt5WS9GMeh3dVPfUwTj9duLdtf4dbnXLG5BKVIHPjwIx_C2Ysp5csvUIxmMoSQup6h25VFDRg__Qm1Cir-ttqJpQcyKaSh0-UPVKKUUcns1wpjeB6pdAK_zptf1n9Ck--AfpfJuv</recordid><startdate>20220520</startdate><enddate>20220520</enddate><creator>Kheriji, Nadia</creator><creator>Boukhalfa, Wided</creator><creator>Mahjoub, Faten</creator><creator>Hechmi, Meriem</creator><creator>Dakhlaoui, Thouraya</creator><creator>Mrad, Mehdi</creator><creator>Hadj Salah Bahlous, Afef</creator><creator>Ben Amor, Nadia</creator><creator>Jamoussi, Henda</creator><creator>Kefi, Rym</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><general>MDPI</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7TS</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>COVID</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8483-9927</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8215-3718</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3718-7089</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20220520</creationdate><title>The Role of Dietary Intake in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Importance of Macro and Micronutrients in Glucose Homeostasis</title><author>Kheriji, Nadia ; 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Genetics and lifestyle, especially diet, are contributing factors. Analyses of macro- and micronutrient intake across global populations may help to explain their impact on glucose homeostasis and disease development. To this end, 420 Tunisians were enrolled in a prospective cross-sectional study of daily food consumption. Various data were collected and blood samples were drawn for biochemical assay. A 24-h recall questionnaire was obtained from participants to evaluate dietary intake. Statistical analyses were conducted using Nutrilog and R software. Biochemical analyses stratified the studied population (
371) into three groups: diabetics (
106), prediabetics (
192) and controls (
73); 49 subjects were excluded. Our results showed that Tunisians had hypercaloric diets high in carbohydrates and fat with variability in the levels of some vitamins and minerals, including riboflavin and niacin, that were statistically different among groups. The lower intake of vitamin D was associated with a greater risk of T2D. Higher vitamin A and sodium intake were associated with poor glucose homeostasis, although protein intake may improve it. In perspective, nutrigenomic studies can provide insight into problematic diets and poor eating habits and offer opportunities to analyze the effects of behavioral changes that can mitigate T2D development and progression.</abstract><cop>Switzerland</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><pmid>35631273</pmid><doi>10.3390/nu14102132</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8483-9927</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8215-3718</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3718-7089</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Body mass index Carbohydrates Consent Diabetes Diabetes mellitus Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent) Diet Dietary intake Fatty acids Food Food consumption Genetics Glucose Homeostasis Insulin resistance Laboratories Lifestyles Metabolism Micronutrients Minerals Nutrients Nutrition research Obesity Population studies Public health Questionnaires Riboflavin Software Statistical analysis Statistical methods Variance analysis Vitamin A Vitamin D Vitamins |
| title | The Role of Dietary Intake in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Importance of Macro and Micronutrients in Glucose Homeostasis |
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