Low- and middle-income countries demonstrate rapid growth of type 2 diabetes: an analysis based on Global Burden of Disease 1990–2019 data
Aims/hypothesis The study aims to quantify the global trend of the disease burden of type 2 diabetes caused by various risks factors by country income tiers. Methods Data on type 2 diabetes, including mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) during 1990–2019, were obtained from the Globa...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Diabetologia 2022-08, Vol.65 (8), p.1339-1352 |
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| creator | Liu, Jinli Bai, Ruhai Chai, Zhonglin Cooper, Mark E. Zimmet, Paul Z. Zhang, Lei |
| description | Aims/hypothesis
The study aims to quantify the global trend of the disease burden of type 2 diabetes caused by various risks factors by country income tiers.
Methods
Data on type 2 diabetes, including mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) during 1990–2019, were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. We analysed mortality and DALY rates and the population attributable fraction (PAF) in various risk factors of type 2 diabetes by country income tiers.
Results
Globally, the age-standardised death rate (ASDR) attributable to type 2 diabetes increased from 16.7 (15.7, 17.5)/100,000 person-years in 1990 to 18.5 (17.2, 19.7)/100,000 person-years in 2019. Similarly, age-standardised DALY rates increased from 628.3 (537.2, 730.9)/100,000 person-years to 801.5 (670.6, 954.4)/100,000 person-years during 1990–2019. Lower-middle-income countries reported the largest increase in the average annual growth of ASDR (1.3%) and an age-standardised DALY rate (1.6%) of type 2 diabetes. The key PAF attributing to type 2 diabetes deaths/DALYs was high BMI in countries of all income tiers. With the exception of BMI, while in low- and lower-middle-income countries, risk factors attributable to type 2 diabetes-related deaths and DALYs are mostly environment-related, the risk factors in high-income countries are mostly lifestyle-related.
Conclusions/interpretation
Type 2 diabetes disease burden increased globally, but low- and middle-income countries showed the highest growth rate. A high BMI level remained the key contributing factor in all income tiers, but environmental and lifestyle-related factors contributed differently across income tiers.
Data availability
To download the data used in these analyses, please visit the Global Health Data Exchange at
http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-2019
.
Graphical abstract |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s00125-022-05713-6 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_9118183</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2689385788</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c540t-356ac3f8645aea515ffda86a5465723ec71d4c5d81294b1d87d3ab0f5e0acb943</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9UcuKFDEUDeLgtKM_4EICrqN5VKpSLgQddRxocKPgLtxKbvVkqKq0SZVD7_wAd_6hX2LanoduhAvhch43h0PIE8GfC86bF5lzITXjUjKuG6FYfY-sRKXKWklzn6z2OBOm_nJMHuZ8yTlXuqofkGOltWlko1fkxzpeMQqTp2PwfkAWJhdHpC4u05wCZupxjFOeE8xIE2yDp5sUr-YLGns677ZIJfUBOpwxvyxGZWDY5ZBpBxk9jRM9G2IHA32zJI_TXvY2ZCwgFW3Lf33_KbloqYcZHpGjHoaMj6_fE_L5_btPpx_Y-uPZ-enrNXO64jNTuganelNXGhC00H3vwdRQsulGKnSN8JXT3gjZVp3wpvEKOt5r5OC6tlIn5NXBd7t0I3qHJSoMdpvCCGlnIwT7LzKFC7uJ32wrhBFGFYNn1wYpfl0wz_YyLqkEz1bWplVGN8YUljywXIo5J-xvLwhu9w3aQ4O2NGj_NGjrInr6999uJTeVFYI6EHKBpg2mu9v_sf0NbCuojA</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2689385788</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Low- and middle-income countries demonstrate rapid growth of type 2 diabetes: an analysis based on Global Burden of Disease 1990–2019 data</title><source>Springer Nature - Complete Springer Journals</source><creator>Liu, Jinli ; Bai, Ruhai ; Chai, Zhonglin ; Cooper, Mark E. ; Zimmet, Paul Z. ; Zhang, Lei</creator><creatorcontrib>Liu, Jinli ; Bai, Ruhai ; Chai, Zhonglin ; Cooper, Mark E. ; Zimmet, Paul Z. ; Zhang, Lei</creatorcontrib><description>Aims/hypothesis
The study aims to quantify the global trend of the disease burden of type 2 diabetes caused by various risks factors by country income tiers.
Methods
Data on type 2 diabetes, including mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) during 1990–2019, were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. We analysed mortality and DALY rates and the population attributable fraction (PAF) in various risk factors of type 2 diabetes by country income tiers.
Results
Globally, the age-standardised death rate (ASDR) attributable to type 2 diabetes increased from 16.7 (15.7, 17.5)/100,000 person-years in 1990 to 18.5 (17.2, 19.7)/100,000 person-years in 2019. Similarly, age-standardised DALY rates increased from 628.3 (537.2, 730.9)/100,000 person-years to 801.5 (670.6, 954.4)/100,000 person-years during 1990–2019. Lower-middle-income countries reported the largest increase in the average annual growth of ASDR (1.3%) and an age-standardised DALY rate (1.6%) of type 2 diabetes. The key PAF attributing to type 2 diabetes deaths/DALYs was high BMI in countries of all income tiers. With the exception of BMI, while in low- and lower-middle-income countries, risk factors attributable to type 2 diabetes-related deaths and DALYs are mostly environment-related, the risk factors in high-income countries are mostly lifestyle-related.
Conclusions/interpretation
Type 2 diabetes disease burden increased globally, but low- and middle-income countries showed the highest growth rate. A high BMI level remained the key contributing factor in all income tiers, but environmental and lifestyle-related factors contributed differently across income tiers.
Data availability
To download the data used in these analyses, please visit the Global Health Data Exchange at
http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-2019
.
Graphical abstract</description><identifier>ISSN: 0012-186X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1432-0428</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00125-022-05713-6</identifier><identifier>PMID: 35587275</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher><subject>Age ; Developing countries ; Diabetes ; Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent) ; Epidemiology ; Growth rate ; Human Physiology ; Internal Medicine ; LDCs ; Low income groups ; Medicine ; Medicine & Public Health ; Metabolic Diseases ; Mortality ; Public health ; Risk factors</subject><ispartof>Diabetologia, 2022-08, Vol.65 (8), p.1339-1352</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2022</rights><rights>2022. The Author(s).</rights><rights>The Author(s) 2022. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c540t-356ac3f8645aea515ffda86a5465723ec71d4c5d81294b1d87d3ab0f5e0acb943</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c540t-356ac3f8645aea515ffda86a5465723ec71d4c5d81294b1d87d3ab0f5e0acb943</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-7785-2488 ; 0000-0001-5426-6291 ; 0000-0002-4220-842X ; 0000-0003-0627-0776 ; 0000-0003-2343-084X ; 0000-0001-8182-8579</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00125-022-05713-6$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00125-022-05713-6$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,776,780,881,27901,27902,41464,42533,51294</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35587275$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Liu, Jinli</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bai, Ruhai</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chai, Zhonglin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cooper, Mark E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zimmet, Paul Z.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Lei</creatorcontrib><title>Low- and middle-income countries demonstrate rapid growth of type 2 diabetes: an analysis based on Global Burden of Disease 1990–2019 data</title><title>Diabetologia</title><addtitle>Diabetologia</addtitle><addtitle>Diabetologia</addtitle><description>Aims/hypothesis
The study aims to quantify the global trend of the disease burden of type 2 diabetes caused by various risks factors by country income tiers.
Methods
Data on type 2 diabetes, including mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) during 1990–2019, were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. We analysed mortality and DALY rates and the population attributable fraction (PAF) in various risk factors of type 2 diabetes by country income tiers.
Results
Globally, the age-standardised death rate (ASDR) attributable to type 2 diabetes increased from 16.7 (15.7, 17.5)/100,000 person-years in 1990 to 18.5 (17.2, 19.7)/100,000 person-years in 2019. Similarly, age-standardised DALY rates increased from 628.3 (537.2, 730.9)/100,000 person-years to 801.5 (670.6, 954.4)/100,000 person-years during 1990–2019. Lower-middle-income countries reported the largest increase in the average annual growth of ASDR (1.3%) and an age-standardised DALY rate (1.6%) of type 2 diabetes. The key PAF attributing to type 2 diabetes deaths/DALYs was high BMI in countries of all income tiers. With the exception of BMI, while in low- and lower-middle-income countries, risk factors attributable to type 2 diabetes-related deaths and DALYs are mostly environment-related, the risk factors in high-income countries are mostly lifestyle-related.
Conclusions/interpretation
Type 2 diabetes disease burden increased globally, but low- and middle-income countries showed the highest growth rate. A high BMI level remained the key contributing factor in all income tiers, but environmental and lifestyle-related factors contributed differently across income tiers.
Data availability
To download the data used in these analyses, please visit the Global Health Data Exchange at
http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-2019
.
Graphical abstract</description><subject>Age</subject><subject>Developing countries</subject><subject>Diabetes</subject><subject>Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent)</subject><subject>Epidemiology</subject><subject>Growth rate</subject><subject>Human Physiology</subject><subject>Internal Medicine</subject><subject>LDCs</subject><subject>Low income groups</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Medicine & Public Health</subject><subject>Metabolic Diseases</subject><subject>Mortality</subject><subject>Public health</subject><subject>Risk factors</subject><issn>0012-186X</issn><issn>1432-0428</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>C6C</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNp9UcuKFDEUDeLgtKM_4EICrqN5VKpSLgQddRxocKPgLtxKbvVkqKq0SZVD7_wAd_6hX2LanoduhAvhch43h0PIE8GfC86bF5lzITXjUjKuG6FYfY-sRKXKWklzn6z2OBOm_nJMHuZ8yTlXuqofkGOltWlko1fkxzpeMQqTp2PwfkAWJhdHpC4u05wCZupxjFOeE8xIE2yDp5sUr-YLGns677ZIJfUBOpwxvyxGZWDY5ZBpBxk9jRM9G2IHA32zJI_TXvY2ZCwgFW3Lf33_KbloqYcZHpGjHoaMj6_fE_L5_btPpx_Y-uPZ-enrNXO64jNTuganelNXGhC00H3vwdRQsulGKnSN8JXT3gjZVp3wpvEKOt5r5OC6tlIn5NXBd7t0I3qHJSoMdpvCCGlnIwT7LzKFC7uJ32wrhBFGFYNn1wYpfl0wz_YyLqkEz1bWplVGN8YUljywXIo5J-xvLwhu9w3aQ4O2NGj_NGjrInr6999uJTeVFYI6EHKBpg2mu9v_sf0NbCuojA</recordid><startdate>20220801</startdate><enddate>20220801</enddate><creator>Liu, Jinli</creator><creator>Bai, Ruhai</creator><creator>Chai, Zhonglin</creator><creator>Cooper, Mark E.</creator><creator>Zimmet, Paul Z.</creator><creator>Zhang, Lei</creator><general>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>C6C</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7785-2488</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5426-6291</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4220-842X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0627-0776</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2343-084X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8182-8579</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20220801</creationdate><title>Low- and middle-income countries demonstrate rapid growth of type 2 diabetes: an analysis based on Global Burden of Disease 1990–2019 data</title><author>Liu, Jinli ; Bai, Ruhai ; Chai, Zhonglin ; Cooper, Mark E. ; Zimmet, Paul Z. ; Zhang, Lei</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c540t-356ac3f8645aea515ffda86a5465723ec71d4c5d81294b1d87d3ab0f5e0acb943</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Age</topic><topic>Developing countries</topic><topic>Diabetes</topic><topic>Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent)</topic><topic>Epidemiology</topic><topic>Growth rate</topic><topic>Human Physiology</topic><topic>Internal Medicine</topic><topic>LDCs</topic><topic>Low income groups</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Medicine & Public Health</topic><topic>Metabolic Diseases</topic><topic>Mortality</topic><topic>Public health</topic><topic>Risk factors</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Liu, Jinli</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bai, Ruhai</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chai, Zhonglin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cooper, Mark E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zimmet, Paul Z.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Lei</creatorcontrib><collection>Springer Nature OA Free Journals</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Diabetologia</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Liu, Jinli</au><au>Bai, Ruhai</au><au>Chai, Zhonglin</au><au>Cooper, Mark E.</au><au>Zimmet, Paul Z.</au><au>Zhang, Lei</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Low- and middle-income countries demonstrate rapid growth of type 2 diabetes: an analysis based on Global Burden of Disease 1990–2019 data</atitle><jtitle>Diabetologia</jtitle><stitle>Diabetologia</stitle><addtitle>Diabetologia</addtitle><date>2022-08-01</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>65</volume><issue>8</issue><spage>1339</spage><epage>1352</epage><pages>1339-1352</pages><issn>0012-186X</issn><eissn>1432-0428</eissn><abstract>Aims/hypothesis
The study aims to quantify the global trend of the disease burden of type 2 diabetes caused by various risks factors by country income tiers.
Methods
Data on type 2 diabetes, including mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) during 1990–2019, were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. We analysed mortality and DALY rates and the population attributable fraction (PAF) in various risk factors of type 2 diabetes by country income tiers.
Results
Globally, the age-standardised death rate (ASDR) attributable to type 2 diabetes increased from 16.7 (15.7, 17.5)/100,000 person-years in 1990 to 18.5 (17.2, 19.7)/100,000 person-years in 2019. Similarly, age-standardised DALY rates increased from 628.3 (537.2, 730.9)/100,000 person-years to 801.5 (670.6, 954.4)/100,000 person-years during 1990–2019. Lower-middle-income countries reported the largest increase in the average annual growth of ASDR (1.3%) and an age-standardised DALY rate (1.6%) of type 2 diabetes. The key PAF attributing to type 2 diabetes deaths/DALYs was high BMI in countries of all income tiers. With the exception of BMI, while in low- and lower-middle-income countries, risk factors attributable to type 2 diabetes-related deaths and DALYs are mostly environment-related, the risk factors in high-income countries are mostly lifestyle-related.
Conclusions/interpretation
Type 2 diabetes disease burden increased globally, but low- and middle-income countries showed the highest growth rate. A high BMI level remained the key contributing factor in all income tiers, but environmental and lifestyle-related factors contributed differently across income tiers.
Data availability
To download the data used in these analyses, please visit the Global Health Data Exchange at
http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-2019
.
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| ispartof | Diabetologia, 2022-08, Vol.65 (8), p.1339-1352 |
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| source | Springer Nature - Complete Springer Journals |
| subjects | Age Developing countries Diabetes Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent) Epidemiology Growth rate Human Physiology Internal Medicine LDCs Low income groups Medicine Medicine & Public Health Metabolic Diseases Mortality Public health Risk factors |
| title | Low- and middle-income countries demonstrate rapid growth of type 2 diabetes: an analysis based on Global Burden of Disease 1990–2019 data |
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