Increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection associated with emergence of Omicron in South Africa
We provide two methods for monitoring reinfection trends in routine surveillance data to identify signatures of changes in reinfection risk and apply these approaches to data from South Africa's severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) epidemic to date. Although we found no...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science) 2022-05, Vol.376 (6593), p.eabn4947-eabn4947 |
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| container_title | Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science) |
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| creator | Pulliam, Juliet R C van Schalkwyk, Cari Govender, Nevashan von Gottberg, Anne Cohen, Cheryl Groome, Michelle J Dushoff, Jonathan Mlisana, Koleka Moultrie, Harry |
| description | We provide two methods for monitoring reinfection trends in routine surveillance data to identify signatures of changes in reinfection risk and apply these approaches to data from South Africa's severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) epidemic to date. Although we found no evidence of increased reinfection risk associated with circulation of the Beta (B.1.351) or Delta (B.1.617.2) variants, we did find clear, population-level evidence to suggest immune evasion by the Omicron (B.1.1.529) variant in previously infected individuals in South Africa. Reinfections occurring between 1 November 2021 and 31 January 2022 were detected in individuals infected in all three previous waves, and there has been an increase in the risk of having a third infection since mid-November 2021. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1126/science.abn4947 |
| format | Article |
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Although we found no evidence of increased reinfection risk associated with circulation of the Beta (B.1.351) or Delta (B.1.617.2) variants, we did find clear, population-level evidence to suggest immune evasion by the Omicron (B.1.1.529) variant in previously infected individuals in South Africa. Reinfections occurring between 1 November 2021 and 31 January 2022 were detected in individuals infected in all three previous waves, and there has been an increase in the risk of having a third infection since mid-November 2021.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0036-8075</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1095-9203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1126/science.abn4947</identifier><identifier>PMID: 35289632</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: The American Association for the Advancement of Science</publisher><subject>Confidence intervals ; Coronaviruses ; COVID-19 ; COVID-19 - epidemiology ; Disease transmission ; Epidemiology ; Expectation ; Health planning ; Humans ; Immunity ; Infections ; Mutation ; Pandemics ; Public health ; Reinfection - epidemiology ; Respiratory diseases ; Risk ; SARS-CoV-2 - genetics ; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ; South Africa - epidemiology ; Spike protein ; Surveillance ; Surveillance systems ; Test Results ; Vaccines ; Viral diseases</subject><ispartof>Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science), 2022-05, Vol.376 (6593), p.eabn4947-eabn4947</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2022 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC BY).</rights><rights>Copyright © 2022 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. 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Although we found no evidence of increased reinfection risk associated with circulation of the Beta (B.1.351) or Delta (B.1.617.2) variants, we did find clear, population-level evidence to suggest immune evasion by the Omicron (B.1.1.529) variant in previously infected individuals in South Africa. Reinfections occurring between 1 November 2021 and 31 January 2022 were detected in individuals infected in all three previous waves, and there has been an increase in the risk of having a third infection since mid-November 2021.</description><subject>Confidence intervals</subject><subject>Coronaviruses</subject><subject>COVID-19</subject><subject>COVID-19 - epidemiology</subject><subject>Disease transmission</subject><subject>Epidemiology</subject><subject>Expectation</subject><subject>Health planning</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Immunity</subject><subject>Infections</subject><subject>Mutation</subject><subject>Pandemics</subject><subject>Public health</subject><subject>Reinfection - epidemiology</subject><subject>Respiratory diseases</subject><subject>Risk</subject><subject>SARS-CoV-2 - genetics</subject><subject>Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2</subject><subject>South Africa - epidemiology</subject><subject>Spike protein</subject><subject>Surveillance</subject><subject>Surveillance systems</subject><subject>Test Results</subject><subject>Vaccines</subject><subject>Viral diseases</subject><issn>0036-8075</issn><issn>1095-9203</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNpdkUFPGzEQhS1ERQLlzA2txKWXJfZ47bUvlaKIUqRISE3bW2V5vV5wyNqpvduKf48j0gh68uF988ZvHkIXBF8TAnyWjLPe2Gvd-EpW9RGaEixZKQHTYzTFmPJS4JpN0GlKa4yzJukJmlAGQnIKU_TrzptodbJtEV16KkJXrObfVuUi_CyhiNb5zprBBV_olIJxesjkXzc8Fra38WG3fDdz3zsTM-R8sQpjVudddEZ_RB86vUn2fP-eoR9fbr4vvpbL-9u7xXxZmgrIULYNrrBooRV1Iyi3rWSUAOOy4qTFpDKGAdecCca1ztlwx6AxRNcE6qaRQM_Q51ff7dj0tjXWD1Fv1Da6XsdnFbRT7xXvHtVD-KOElAyDzAaf9gYx_B5tGlTvkrGbjfY2jEkBpxJAYMEzevUfug5j9DleppjkggOpMzV7pfJZUoq2O3yGYLWrTu2rU_vq8sTl2wwH_l9X9AVkK5ZY</recordid><startdate>20220506</startdate><enddate>20220506</enddate><creator>Pulliam, Juliet R C</creator><creator>van Schalkwyk, Cari</creator><creator>Govender, Nevashan</creator><creator>von Gottberg, Anne</creator><creator>Cohen, Cheryl</creator><creator>Groome, Michelle J</creator><creator>Dushoff, Jonathan</creator><creator>Mlisana, Koleka</creator><creator>Moultrie, Harry</creator><general>The American Association for the Advancement of Science</general><general>American Association for the Advancement of Science</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QF</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7QQ</scope><scope>7QR</scope><scope>7SC</scope><scope>7SE</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SP</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TA</scope><scope>7TB</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U5</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>8BQ</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F28</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H8D</scope><scope>H8G</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>JQ2</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KR7</scope><scope>L7M</scope><scope>L~C</scope><scope>L~D</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0506-4794</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9722-0699</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0376-2302</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8436-3268</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5893-3725</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5154-1390</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3314-8223</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3249-4263</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0243-7455</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20220506</creationdate><title>Increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection associated with emergence of Omicron in South Africa</title><author>Pulliam, Juliet R C ; van Schalkwyk, Cari ; Govender, Nevashan ; von Gottberg, Anne ; Cohen, Cheryl ; Groome, Michelle J ; Dushoff, Jonathan ; Mlisana, Koleka ; Moultrie, Harry</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c421t-db0408d2d87b836ed95312569461d014cc526a65856aa9200f52bc1a7127bb923</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Confidence intervals</topic><topic>Coronaviruses</topic><topic>COVID-19</topic><topic>COVID-19 - 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| subjects | Confidence intervals Coronaviruses COVID-19 COVID-19 - epidemiology Disease transmission Epidemiology Expectation Health planning Humans Immunity Infections Mutation Pandemics Public health Reinfection - epidemiology Respiratory diseases Risk SARS-CoV-2 - genetics Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 South Africa - epidemiology Spike protein Surveillance Surveillance systems Test Results Vaccines Viral diseases |
| title | Increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection associated with emergence of Omicron in South Africa |
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