Emergence of influenza B/Victoria in the Micronesian US-affiliated Pacific Islands, spring 2019
Data collected through routine syndromic surveillance for influenza-like illness in the Micronesian United States-affiliated Pacific Islands highlighted out-of-season influenza outbreaks in the spring of 2019. This report describes the data collected through the World Health Organization's Paci...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Western Pacific surveillance and response journal 2021-10, Vol.12 (4), p.1-12 |
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| creator | O'Connor, Stephanie Hancock, W Thane Ada, Estelle Anzures, Edlen Baza, Christine Aguon, Annette L Cruz, Doris Johnson, Eliaser Mallari, Allan J McCready, Jill A Niedenthal, Jack Pobutsky, Ann Santos, Anne Marie Santos, Jose Villagomez Sasamoto, Jeremy Tomokane, Portia Villagomez, Warren White, Paul |
| description | Data collected through routine syndromic surveillance for influenza-like illness in the Micronesian United States-affiliated Pacific Islands highlighted out-of-season influenza outbreaks in the spring of 2019. This report describes the data collected through the World Health Organization's Pacific Syndromic Surveillance System for the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI), Guam, the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) and the Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI). Compared with historical data, more cases of influenza-like illness were observed in all four islands described here, with the highest number reported in Guam in week 9, CNMI and FSM in week 15, and RMI in week 19. The outbreaks predominantly affected those aged |
| doi_str_mv | 10.5365/wpsar.2021.12.4.706 |
| format | Article |
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This report describes the data collected through the World Health Organization's Pacific Syndromic Surveillance System for the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI), Guam, the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) and the Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI). Compared with historical data, more cases of influenza-like illness were observed in all four islands described here, with the highest number reported in Guam in week 9, CNMI and FSM in week 15, and RMI in week 19. The outbreaks predominantly affected those aged < 20 years, with evidence from CNMI and RMI suggesting higher attack rates among those who were unvaccinated. Cases confirmed by laboratory testing suggested that influenza B was predominant, with 83% (99/120) of subtyped specimens classified as influenza B/Victoria during January-May 2019. These outbreaks occurred after the usual influenza season and were consistent with transmission patterns in Eastern Asia rather than those in Oceania or the United States of America, the areas typically associated with the United States-affiliated Pacific Islands due to their geographical proximity to Oceania and political affiliation with the United States of America. A plausible epidemiological route of introduction may be the high levels of international tourism from Eastern Asian countries recorded during these periods of increased influenza B/Victoria circulation. This report demonstrates the value of year-round surveillance for communicable diseases and underscores the importance of seasonal influenza vaccination, particularly among younger age groups.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2094-7321</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2094-7313</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.5365/wpsar.2021.12.4.706</identifier><identifier>PMID: 35299669</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Philippines: World Health Organization</publisher><subject>Adult ; Humans ; Influenza, Human - epidemiology ; Non Theme Issue ; Pacific Island People - statistics & numerical data ; Pacific Islands - epidemiology ; Seasons ; United States - epidemiology ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>Western Pacific surveillance and response journal, 2021-10, Vol.12 (4), p.1-12</ispartof><rights>(c) 2021 The authors; licensee World Health Organization.</rights><rights>(c) 2021 The authors; licensee World Health Organization. 2021</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8907022/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8907022/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,864,885,27924,27925,53791,53793</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35299669$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>O'Connor, Stephanie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hancock, W Thane</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ada, Estelle</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Anzures, Edlen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Baza, Christine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aguon, Annette L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cruz, Doris</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Johnson, Eliaser</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mallari, Allan J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McCready, Jill A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Niedenthal, Jack</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pobutsky, Ann</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Santos, Anne Marie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Santos, Jose Villagomez</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sasamoto, Jeremy</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tomokane, Portia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Villagomez, Warren</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>White, Paul</creatorcontrib><title>Emergence of influenza B/Victoria in the Micronesian US-affiliated Pacific Islands, spring 2019</title><title>Western Pacific surveillance and response journal</title><addtitle>Western Pac Surveill Response J</addtitle><description>Data collected through routine syndromic surveillance for influenza-like illness in the Micronesian United States-affiliated Pacific Islands highlighted out-of-season influenza outbreaks in the spring of 2019. This report describes the data collected through the World Health Organization's Pacific Syndromic Surveillance System for the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI), Guam, the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) and the Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI). Compared with historical data, more cases of influenza-like illness were observed in all four islands described here, with the highest number reported in Guam in week 9, CNMI and FSM in week 15, and RMI in week 19. The outbreaks predominantly affected those aged < 20 years, with evidence from CNMI and RMI suggesting higher attack rates among those who were unvaccinated. Cases confirmed by laboratory testing suggested that influenza B was predominant, with 83% (99/120) of subtyped specimens classified as influenza B/Victoria during January-May 2019. These outbreaks occurred after the usual influenza season and were consistent with transmission patterns in Eastern Asia rather than those in Oceania or the United States of America, the areas typically associated with the United States-affiliated Pacific Islands due to their geographical proximity to Oceania and political affiliation with the United States of America. A plausible epidemiological route of introduction may be the high levels of international tourism from Eastern Asian countries recorded during these periods of increased influenza B/Victoria circulation. This report demonstrates the value of year-round surveillance for communicable diseases and underscores the importance of seasonal influenza vaccination, particularly among younger age groups.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Influenza, Human - epidemiology</subject><subject>Non Theme Issue</subject><subject>Pacific Island People - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Pacific Islands - epidemiology</subject><subject>Seasons</subject><subject>United States - epidemiology</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>2094-7321</issn><issn>2094-7313</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNpVkVtLNDEMhosoKuovEKSXXjhjD9N2eiOo-KmgKHi4LZ1OulZmO2s7-4n-emc9LJqbhCZ5k-ZBaJeSUnApDl9n2aaSEUZLysqqVESuoE1GdFUoTvnqMmZ0A-3k_ExGE6SuuV5HG1wwraXUm8icTSFNIDrAvcch-m4O8d3ik8PH4IY-BTs-4uEJ8HVwqY-Qg4344a6w3ocu2AFafGtd8MHhy9zZ2OYDnGcpxAlmhOpttOZtl2Hn22-hh39n96cXxdXN-eXp8VXhOCVDoaXwlXJUeWtbVoNXtRJtXTvaOBA1a7x01gI4IrRsBGt06wVvtFfQKKYk30JHX7qzeTOF1kEcku3MuMjUpjfT22D-ZmJ4MpP-v6k1UYSxUWD_WyD1L3PIg5mG7KAbvwT9PBsmK6I1ZWIxi3-VjgfJOYFfjqHELOiYTzpmQcdQZioz0hm79n5vuOz5YcE_AMONjeo</recordid><startdate>20211001</startdate><enddate>20211001</enddate><creator>O'Connor, Stephanie</creator><creator>Hancock, W Thane</creator><creator>Ada, Estelle</creator><creator>Anzures, Edlen</creator><creator>Baza, Christine</creator><creator>Aguon, Annette L</creator><creator>Cruz, Doris</creator><creator>Johnson, Eliaser</creator><creator>Mallari, Allan J</creator><creator>McCready, Jill A</creator><creator>Niedenthal, Jack</creator><creator>Pobutsky, Ann</creator><creator>Santos, Anne Marie</creator><creator>Santos, Jose Villagomez</creator><creator>Sasamoto, Jeremy</creator><creator>Tomokane, Portia</creator><creator>Villagomez, Warren</creator><creator>White, Paul</creator><general>World Health Organization</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20211001</creationdate><title>Emergence of influenza B/Victoria in the Micronesian US-affiliated Pacific Islands, spring 2019</title><author>O'Connor, Stephanie ; Hancock, W Thane ; Ada, Estelle ; Anzures, Edlen ; Baza, Christine ; Aguon, Annette L ; Cruz, Doris ; Johnson, Eliaser ; Mallari, Allan J ; McCready, Jill A ; Niedenthal, Jack ; Pobutsky, Ann ; Santos, Anne Marie ; Santos, Jose Villagomez ; Sasamoto, Jeremy ; Tomokane, Portia ; Villagomez, Warren ; White, Paul</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c310t-965f47c17faad28ef7875d88c1bce582bf6caaeec0596b52b9df53b9f7eb72763</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Influenza, Human - epidemiology</topic><topic>Non Theme Issue</topic><topic>Pacific Island People - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Pacific Islands - epidemiology</topic><topic>Seasons</topic><topic>United States - epidemiology</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>O'Connor, Stephanie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hancock, W Thane</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ada, Estelle</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Anzures, Edlen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Baza, Christine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aguon, Annette L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cruz, Doris</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Johnson, Eliaser</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mallari, Allan J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McCready, Jill A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Niedenthal, Jack</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pobutsky, Ann</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Santos, Anne Marie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Santos, Jose Villagomez</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sasamoto, Jeremy</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tomokane, Portia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Villagomez, Warren</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>White, Paul</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Western Pacific surveillance and response journal</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>O'Connor, Stephanie</au><au>Hancock, W Thane</au><au>Ada, Estelle</au><au>Anzures, Edlen</au><au>Baza, Christine</au><au>Aguon, Annette L</au><au>Cruz, Doris</au><au>Johnson, Eliaser</au><au>Mallari, Allan J</au><au>McCready, Jill A</au><au>Niedenthal, Jack</au><au>Pobutsky, Ann</au><au>Santos, Anne Marie</au><au>Santos, Jose Villagomez</au><au>Sasamoto, Jeremy</au><au>Tomokane, Portia</au><au>Villagomez, Warren</au><au>White, Paul</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Emergence of influenza B/Victoria in the Micronesian US-affiliated Pacific Islands, spring 2019</atitle><jtitle>Western Pacific surveillance and response journal</jtitle><addtitle>Western Pac Surveill Response J</addtitle><date>2021-10-01</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>12</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>1</spage><epage>12</epage><pages>1-12</pages><issn>2094-7321</issn><eissn>2094-7313</eissn><abstract>Data collected through routine syndromic surveillance for influenza-like illness in the Micronesian United States-affiliated Pacific Islands highlighted out-of-season influenza outbreaks in the spring of 2019. This report describes the data collected through the World Health Organization's Pacific Syndromic Surveillance System for the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI), Guam, the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) and the Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI). Compared with historical data, more cases of influenza-like illness were observed in all four islands described here, with the highest number reported in Guam in week 9, CNMI and FSM in week 15, and RMI in week 19. The outbreaks predominantly affected those aged < 20 years, with evidence from CNMI and RMI suggesting higher attack rates among those who were unvaccinated. Cases confirmed by laboratory testing suggested that influenza B was predominant, with 83% (99/120) of subtyped specimens classified as influenza B/Victoria during January-May 2019. These outbreaks occurred after the usual influenza season and were consistent with transmission patterns in Eastern Asia rather than those in Oceania or the United States of America, the areas typically associated with the United States-affiliated Pacific Islands due to their geographical proximity to Oceania and political affiliation with the United States of America. A plausible epidemiological route of introduction may be the high levels of international tourism from Eastern Asian countries recorded during these periods of increased influenza B/Victoria circulation. This report demonstrates the value of year-round surveillance for communicable diseases and underscores the importance of seasonal influenza vaccination, particularly among younger age groups.</abstract><cop>Philippines</cop><pub>World Health Organization</pub><pmid>35299669</pmid><doi>10.5365/wpsar.2021.12.4.706</doi><tpages>9</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Western Pacific surveillance and response journal, 2021-10, Vol.12 (4), p.1-12 |
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| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central |
| subjects | Adult Humans Influenza, Human - epidemiology Non Theme Issue Pacific Island People - statistics & numerical data Pacific Islands - epidemiology Seasons United States - epidemiology Young Adult |
| title | Emergence of influenza B/Victoria in the Micronesian US-affiliated Pacific Islands, spring 2019 |
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