A combined biomarker panel shows improved sensitivity and specificity for detection of ovarian cancer

Background Combined biomarkers can improve the sensitivity and specificity of ovarian cancer (OC) diagnosis and effectively predict patient prognosis. This study explored the diagnostic and prognostic values of serum CCL18 and CXCL1 antigens combined with C1D, FXR1, ZNF573, and TM4SF1 autoantibodies in OC. Methods CCL18 and CXCL1 monoclonal antibodies and C1D, FXR1, ZNF573, and TM4SF1 antigens were coated with microspheres. Logistic regression was used to construct a serum antigen‐antibody combined detection model; receiver‐operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of the model; and the Kaplan‐Meier method and Cox regression models were used for survival analysis to evaluate the prognosis of OC. Data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Genotype‐Tissue Expression (GTEx) projects and online survival analysis tools were used to evaluate prognostic genes for OC. The CIBERSORT immune score was used to explore the factors influencing prognosis and their relationship with tumor‐infiltrating immune cells. Results The levels of each index in the blood samples of patients with OC were higher than those of the other groups. The combined detection model has higher specificity and sensitivity in the diagnosis of OC, and its diagnostic efficiency is better than that of CA125 alone and diagnosing other malignant tumors. CCL18 and TM4SF1 may be factors affecting the prognosis of OC, and CCL18 may be related to immune‐infiltrating cells. Conclusions The serum antigen‐antibody combined detection model established in this study has high sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of OC. CCL18 and CXCL1 monoclonal antibodies, and C1D, FXR1, ZNF573, and TM4SF1 antigens were coated with microspheres. Biotinylated CCL18 and CXCL1 polyclonal antibodies, and C1D, TM4SF1, FXR1, and ZNF573 goat anti‐IgG polyclonal antibodies were used as detection antibodies. The red and green dual‐color laser is employed to detect red classification fluorescence on microspheres and green reporter fluorescence on the reporter molecule, allowing for the determination of the content of each index in the serum sample. One hundred fifty cases of ovarian cancer, 150 cases of benign tumors and 100 cases of healthy women were used to construct a combined detection model, and another 290 samples were used for clinical verification. The results showed that the combined detection model had higher specificity and sensitivity in the diagnosis of ovarian cancer. The