Investigation on the Factors Associated with the Persistence of Anosmia and Ageusia in Saudi COVID-19 Patients
The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) resulted in a worldwide pandemic of a highly infectious disease. The difficulty of dealing with COVID-19 is the broad spectrum of clinical manifestations that involves various...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | International journal of environmental research and public health 2022-01, Vol.19 (3), p.1047 |
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| creator | Algahtani, Saad N Alzarroug, Abdullah F Alghamdi, Hatan K Algahtani, Haif K Alsywina, Nasser B Bin Abdulrahman, Khalid A |
| description | The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) resulted in a worldwide pandemic of a highly infectious disease. The difficulty of dealing with COVID-19 is the broad spectrum of clinical manifestations that involves various pathophysiological mechanisms, severities, duration, and complications. This study aims to help emphasize the factors related to the persistence and duration of anosmia (loss of smell) and ageusia (loss of taste) as part of post-acute COVID-19 syndrome in Saudi COVID-19 patients via a retrospective cross-sectional design. Eight hundred and eighty-one participants were recruited between March and April 2021. Those participants were 18 years or older, recovered from the COVID-19 infection, and completed 14 days after the onset of the acute phase of the disease. Among the 881 recruited participants, 808 have submitted eligible responses and were included in data analyses. The most common persistent symptoms in post-acute COVID-19 syndrome were anosmia (33.8%) and ageusia (26.4%). The data also showed a significant association between female sex and the incidence and the persistence of anosmia and ageusia. In multivariable analysis, anosmia during the acute phase was associated with BMI, asthma and shortness of breath, while anosmia during the post-acute phase was associated with sex. Ageusia during the acute phase was associated with sex, myalgia and arthralgia, while ageusia in the post-acute phase was associated with sex. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/ijerph19031047 |
| format | Article |
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The difficulty of dealing with COVID-19 is the broad spectrum of clinical manifestations that involves various pathophysiological mechanisms, severities, duration, and complications. This study aims to help emphasize the factors related to the persistence and duration of anosmia (loss of smell) and ageusia (loss of taste) as part of post-acute COVID-19 syndrome in Saudi COVID-19 patients via a retrospective cross-sectional design. Eight hundred and eighty-one participants were recruited between March and April 2021. Those participants were 18 years or older, recovered from the COVID-19 infection, and completed 14 days after the onset of the acute phase of the disease. Among the 881 recruited participants, 808 have submitted eligible responses and were included in data analyses. The most common persistent symptoms in post-acute COVID-19 syndrome were anosmia (33.8%) and ageusia (26.4%). The data also showed a significant association between female sex and the incidence and the persistence of anosmia and ageusia. In multivariable analysis, anosmia during the acute phase was associated with BMI, asthma and shortness of breath, while anosmia during the post-acute phase was associated with sex. Ageusia during the acute phase was associated with sex, myalgia and arthralgia, while ageusia in the post-acute phase was associated with sex.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1660-4601</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1661-7827</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1660-4601</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031047</identifier><identifier>PMID: 35162068</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Ageusia - virology ; Anosmia ; Anosmia - virology ; Arthralgia ; Complications ; Coronaviruses ; COVID-19 ; COVID-19 - complications ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Disease ; Epidemics ; Female ; Humans ; Infections ; Infectious diseases ; Influenza ; Investigations ; Long COVID ; Myalgia ; Olfaction ; Olfaction disorders ; Pandemics ; Patients ; Public health ; Questionnaires ; Retrospective Studies ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Saudi Arabia - epidemiology ; Severe acute respiratory syndrome ; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ; Sex ; Signs and symptoms ; Smell ; Taste disorders</subject><ispartof>International journal of environmental research and public health, 2022-01, Vol.19 (3), p.1047</ispartof><rights>2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). 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The difficulty of dealing with COVID-19 is the broad spectrum of clinical manifestations that involves various pathophysiological mechanisms, severities, duration, and complications. This study aims to help emphasize the factors related to the persistence and duration of anosmia (loss of smell) and ageusia (loss of taste) as part of post-acute COVID-19 syndrome in Saudi COVID-19 patients via a retrospective cross-sectional design. Eight hundred and eighty-one participants were recruited between March and April 2021. Those participants were 18 years or older, recovered from the COVID-19 infection, and completed 14 days after the onset of the acute phase of the disease. Among the 881 recruited participants, 808 have submitted eligible responses and were included in data analyses. The most common persistent symptoms in post-acute COVID-19 syndrome were anosmia (33.8%) and ageusia (26.4%). The data also showed a significant association between female sex and the incidence and the persistence of anosmia and ageusia. In multivariable analysis, anosmia during the acute phase was associated with BMI, asthma and shortness of breath, while anosmia during the post-acute phase was associated with sex. 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The data also showed a significant association between female sex and the incidence and the persistence of anosmia and ageusia. In multivariable analysis, anosmia during the acute phase was associated with BMI, asthma and shortness of breath, while anosmia during the post-acute phase was associated with sex. Ageusia during the acute phase was associated with sex, myalgia and arthralgia, while ageusia in the post-acute phase was associated with sex.</abstract><cop>Switzerland</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><pmid>35162068</pmid><doi>10.3390/ijerph19031047</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6094-5474</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6438-0853</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7914-4212</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0497-0568</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Ageusia - virology Anosmia Anosmia - virology Arthralgia Complications Coronaviruses COVID-19 COVID-19 - complications Cross-Sectional Studies Disease Epidemics Female Humans Infections Infectious diseases Influenza Investigations Long COVID Myalgia Olfaction Olfaction disorders Pandemics Patients Public health Questionnaires Retrospective Studies SARS-CoV-2 Saudi Arabia - epidemiology Severe acute respiratory syndrome Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Sex Signs and symptoms Smell Taste disorders |
| title | Investigation on the Factors Associated with the Persistence of Anosmia and Ageusia in Saudi COVID-19 Patients |
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