Pinus thunbergii bark extract rich in flavonoids promotes hair growth in dorsal skin by regulating inflammatory cytokines and increasing growth factors in mice
Korean maritime pine bark ( ) has been used as an alternative medicine due to its beneficial properties, including anti‑inflammatory effects. To date, the anti‑inflammatory and hair growth‑promoting effects of bark extract have remained elusive. Therefore, in the present study, bark was extracted wi...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Molecular medicine reports 2022-03, Vol.25 (3), Article 100 |
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| creator | Her, Young Lee, Tae-Kyeong Sim, Hyejin Lee, Jae-Chul Kim, Dae Won Choi, Soo Young Hong, Jun Kee Lee, Ji-Won Kim, Jong-Dai Won, Moo-Ho Kim, Sung-Su |
| description | Korean maritime pine bark (
) has been used as an alternative medicine due to its beneficial properties, including anti‑inflammatory effects. To date, the anti‑inflammatory and hair growth‑promoting effects of
bark extract have remained elusive. Therefore, in the present study,
bark was extracted with pure water (100˚C) and the extract was examined to determine its polyphenol and flavonoid content. C57BL/6 mice were used to assess the effects of the extract to promote hair growth. The extract (1, 2 and 4%) was topically applied onto shaved dorsal skin and hair growth was observed for 17 days. A significant increase in hair growth was observed with 2 and 4% extract. Based on this finding, the optimal dose of the extract for effective hair growth promotion was determined to be 2%. The mechanisms of hair growth promotion were investigated via immunohistochemical analysis of changes in inflammatory cytokines and growth factors in the hair follicles following treatment with 2% extract. The treatment reduced the levels of TNF‑α and IL‑1β, which are pro‑inflammatory cytokines, while it enhanced the levels of IL‑4 and IL‑13, which are anti‑inflammatory cytokines, in the hair follicles. In addition, elevated insulin‑like growth factor I and vascular epidermal growth factor were detected in hair follicles following treatment. Based on these findings, it was suggested that the extract of
bark may be utilized for hair loss prevention and/or hair growth promotion. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3892/mmr.2022.12616 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>gale_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_8822878</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><galeid>A695364054</galeid><sourcerecordid>A695364054</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c485t-a925494e5fb484c3ca081077c3199796406e8b47f3fc8900b66921e70adf3acf3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNptks9uFSEUxifGxtbq1qUhcePm3jLAMLAxaRr_JU3qQteEYWAu7QxcgWm9b9Nn8ck8U6-tmsKCE87vfOQcvqp6VeM1FZKcTFNaE0zIuia85k-qo7qV9YpizJ7uYyJle1g9z_kSY96QRj6rDmmDBSx2VN1-8WHOP2_LZg6dTYP3qNPpCtkfJWlTUPJmg3xAbtTXMUTfZ7RNcYrFZrTRPqEhxZtyh_QxZT2ifAVxt0PJDvOoiw8DJKF8mnSJaYfMrkRAoF6HHlImWZ0Xaq_k4FlQWhQnb-yL6sDpMduX-_O4-vbh_dezT6vzi4-fz07PV4aJpqy0JA2TzDauY4IZajQWNW5bQ2voX3KGuRUdax11RkiMO84lqW2Lde-oNo4eV-9-627nbrK9sQEGMKpt8pNOOxW1V_9mgt-oIV4rIQgRrQCBt3uBFL_PNhc1-WzsOOpg45wV4QR-jBJCAX3zH3oZ5xSgvYVqKWu4qB-oQY9WwQzj8iWLqDrlsqHQU8OAWj9Cwe4tjC8G6zzcP1ZgUsw5WXffY43V4ikFnlKLp9Sdp6Dg9d-Tucf_mIj-AnZVy7w</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2627345681</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Pinus thunbergii bark extract rich in flavonoids promotes hair growth in dorsal skin by regulating inflammatory cytokines and increasing growth factors in mice</title><source>Spandidos Publications Journals</source><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals</source><source>Alma/SFX Local Collection</source><creator>Her, Young ; Lee, Tae-Kyeong ; Sim, Hyejin ; Lee, Jae-Chul ; Kim, Dae Won ; Choi, Soo Young ; Hong, Jun Kee ; Lee, Ji-Won ; Kim, Jong-Dai ; Won, Moo-Ho ; Kim, Sung-Su</creator><creatorcontrib>Her, Young ; Lee, Tae-Kyeong ; Sim, Hyejin ; Lee, Jae-Chul ; Kim, Dae Won ; Choi, Soo Young ; Hong, Jun Kee ; Lee, Ji-Won ; Kim, Jong-Dai ; Won, Moo-Ho ; Kim, Sung-Su</creatorcontrib><description>Korean maritime pine bark (
) has been used as an alternative medicine due to its beneficial properties, including anti‑inflammatory effects. To date, the anti‑inflammatory and hair growth‑promoting effects of
bark extract have remained elusive. Therefore, in the present study,
bark was extracted with pure water (100˚C) and the extract was examined to determine its polyphenol and flavonoid content. C57BL/6 mice were used to assess the effects of the extract to promote hair growth. The extract (1, 2 and 4%) was topically applied onto shaved dorsal skin and hair growth was observed for 17 days. A significant increase in hair growth was observed with 2 and 4% extract. Based on this finding, the optimal dose of the extract for effective hair growth promotion was determined to be 2%. The mechanisms of hair growth promotion were investigated via immunohistochemical analysis of changes in inflammatory cytokines and growth factors in the hair follicles following treatment with 2% extract. The treatment reduced the levels of TNF‑α and IL‑1β, which are pro‑inflammatory cytokines, while it enhanced the levels of IL‑4 and IL‑13, which are anti‑inflammatory cytokines, in the hair follicles. In addition, elevated insulin‑like growth factor I and vascular epidermal growth factor were detected in hair follicles following treatment. Based on these findings, it was suggested that the extract of
bark may be utilized for hair loss prevention and/or hair growth promotion.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1791-2997</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1791-3004</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12616</identifier><identifier>PMID: 35088884</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Greece: Spandidos Publications</publisher><subject>Alopecia ; Aluminum ; Animals ; Baldness ; Bark ; Bioflavonoids ; Care and treatment ; Composition ; Cytokines ; Cytokines - analysis ; Dermatologic agents ; Dermatology ; Epidermal growth factor ; Flavones ; Flavonoids ; Flavonoids - analysis ; Flavonoids - pharmacology ; Follicles ; Formulae, receipts, prescriptions ; Growth factors ; Hair ; Hair Follicle ; Hair loss ; Health aspects ; IL-1β ; Inflammation ; Insulin ; Insulin-like growth factor I ; Interleukin 13 ; Interleukin 4 ; Laboratory animals ; Materia medica, Vegetable ; Medicine, Botanic ; Medicine, Herbal ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Pharmacology, Experimental ; Phenols ; Pine ; Pinus - chemistry ; Pinus thunbergii ; Plant Bark - chemistry ; Plant extracts ; Plant Extracts - chemistry ; Skin ; Tumor necrosis factor-α</subject><ispartof>Molecular medicine reports, 2022-03, Vol.25 (3), Article 100</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2022 Spandidos Publications</rights><rights>Copyright Spandidos Publications UK Ltd. 2022</rights><rights>Copyright: © Her et al. 2022</rights><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c485t-a925494e5fb484c3ca081077c3199796406e8b47f3fc8900b66921e70adf3acf3</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>230,314,780,784,885,27923,27924</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35088884$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Her, Young</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Tae-Kyeong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sim, Hyejin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Jae-Chul</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Dae Won</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Choi, Soo Young</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hong, Jun Kee</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Ji-Won</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Jong-Dai</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Won, Moo-Ho</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Sung-Su</creatorcontrib><title>Pinus thunbergii bark extract rich in flavonoids promotes hair growth in dorsal skin by regulating inflammatory cytokines and increasing growth factors in mice</title><title>Molecular medicine reports</title><addtitle>Mol Med Rep</addtitle><description>Korean maritime pine bark (
) has been used as an alternative medicine due to its beneficial properties, including anti‑inflammatory effects. To date, the anti‑inflammatory and hair growth‑promoting effects of
bark extract have remained elusive. Therefore, in the present study,
bark was extracted with pure water (100˚C) and the extract was examined to determine its polyphenol and flavonoid content. C57BL/6 mice were used to assess the effects of the extract to promote hair growth. The extract (1, 2 and 4%) was topically applied onto shaved dorsal skin and hair growth was observed for 17 days. A significant increase in hair growth was observed with 2 and 4% extract. Based on this finding, the optimal dose of the extract for effective hair growth promotion was determined to be 2%. The mechanisms of hair growth promotion were investigated via immunohistochemical analysis of changes in inflammatory cytokines and growth factors in the hair follicles following treatment with 2% extract. The treatment reduced the levels of TNF‑α and IL‑1β, which are pro‑inflammatory cytokines, while it enhanced the levels of IL‑4 and IL‑13, which are anti‑inflammatory cytokines, in the hair follicles. In addition, elevated insulin‑like growth factor I and vascular epidermal growth factor were detected in hair follicles following treatment. Based on these findings, it was suggested that the extract of
bark may be utilized for hair loss prevention and/or hair growth promotion.</description><subject>Alopecia</subject><subject>Aluminum</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Baldness</subject><subject>Bark</subject><subject>Bioflavonoids</subject><subject>Care and treatment</subject><subject>Composition</subject><subject>Cytokines</subject><subject>Cytokines - analysis</subject><subject>Dermatologic agents</subject><subject>Dermatology</subject><subject>Epidermal growth factor</subject><subject>Flavones</subject><subject>Flavonoids</subject><subject>Flavonoids - analysis</subject><subject>Flavonoids - pharmacology</subject><subject>Follicles</subject><subject>Formulae, receipts, prescriptions</subject><subject>Growth factors</subject><subject>Hair</subject><subject>Hair Follicle</subject><subject>Hair loss</subject><subject>Health aspects</subject><subject>IL-1β</subject><subject>Inflammation</subject><subject>Insulin</subject><subject>Insulin-like growth factor I</subject><subject>Interleukin 13</subject><subject>Interleukin 4</subject><subject>Laboratory animals</subject><subject>Materia medica, Vegetable</subject><subject>Medicine, Botanic</subject><subject>Medicine, Herbal</subject><subject>Mice</subject><subject>Mice, Inbred C57BL</subject><subject>Pharmacology, Experimental</subject><subject>Phenols</subject><subject>Pine</subject><subject>Pinus - chemistry</subject><subject>Pinus thunbergii</subject><subject>Plant Bark - chemistry</subject><subject>Plant extracts</subject><subject>Plant Extracts - chemistry</subject><subject>Skin</subject><subject>Tumor necrosis factor-α</subject><issn>1791-2997</issn><issn>1791-3004</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNptks9uFSEUxifGxtbq1qUhcePm3jLAMLAxaRr_JU3qQteEYWAu7QxcgWm9b9Nn8ck8U6-tmsKCE87vfOQcvqp6VeM1FZKcTFNaE0zIuia85k-qo7qV9YpizJ7uYyJle1g9z_kSY96QRj6rDmmDBSx2VN1-8WHOP2_LZg6dTYP3qNPpCtkfJWlTUPJmg3xAbtTXMUTfZ7RNcYrFZrTRPqEhxZtyh_QxZT2ifAVxt0PJDvOoiw8DJKF8mnSJaYfMrkRAoF6HHlImWZ0Xaq_k4FlQWhQnb-yL6sDpMduX-_O4-vbh_dezT6vzi4-fz07PV4aJpqy0JA2TzDauY4IZajQWNW5bQ2voX3KGuRUdax11RkiMO84lqW2Lde-oNo4eV-9-627nbrK9sQEGMKpt8pNOOxW1V_9mgt-oIV4rIQgRrQCBt3uBFL_PNhc1-WzsOOpg45wV4QR-jBJCAX3zH3oZ5xSgvYVqKWu4qB-oQY9WwQzj8iWLqDrlsqHQU8OAWj9Cwe4tjC8G6zzcP1ZgUsw5WXffY43V4ikFnlKLp9Sdp6Dg9d-Tucf_mIj-AnZVy7w</recordid><startdate>20220301</startdate><enddate>20220301</enddate><creator>Her, Young</creator><creator>Lee, Tae-Kyeong</creator><creator>Sim, Hyejin</creator><creator>Lee, Jae-Chul</creator><creator>Kim, Dae Won</creator><creator>Choi, Soo Young</creator><creator>Hong, Jun Kee</creator><creator>Lee, Ji-Won</creator><creator>Kim, Jong-Dai</creator><creator>Won, Moo-Ho</creator><creator>Kim, Sung-Su</creator><general>Spandidos Publications</general><general>Spandidos Publications UK Ltd</general><general>D.A. 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analysis</topic><topic>Dermatologic agents</topic><topic>Dermatology</topic><topic>Epidermal growth factor</topic><topic>Flavones</topic><topic>Flavonoids</topic><topic>Flavonoids - analysis</topic><topic>Flavonoids - pharmacology</topic><topic>Follicles</topic><topic>Formulae, receipts, prescriptions</topic><topic>Growth factors</topic><topic>Hair</topic><topic>Hair Follicle</topic><topic>Hair loss</topic><topic>Health aspects</topic><topic>IL-1β</topic><topic>Inflammation</topic><topic>Insulin</topic><topic>Insulin-like growth factor I</topic><topic>Interleukin 13</topic><topic>Interleukin 4</topic><topic>Laboratory animals</topic><topic>Materia medica, Vegetable</topic><topic>Medicine, Botanic</topic><topic>Medicine, Herbal</topic><topic>Mice</topic><topic>Mice, Inbred C57BL</topic><topic>Pharmacology, Experimental</topic><topic>Phenols</topic><topic>Pine</topic><topic>Pinus - chemistry</topic><topic>Pinus thunbergii</topic><topic>Plant Bark - chemistry</topic><topic>Plant extracts</topic><topic>Plant Extracts - chemistry</topic><topic>Skin</topic><topic>Tumor necrosis factor-α</topic><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Her, Young</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Tae-Kyeong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sim, Hyejin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Jae-Chul</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Dae Won</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Choi, Soo Young</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hong, Jun Kee</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Ji-Won</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Jong-Dai</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Won, Moo-Ho</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Sung-Su</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>British Nursing Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Molecular medicine reports</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Her, Young</au><au>Lee, Tae-Kyeong</au><au>Sim, Hyejin</au><au>Lee, Jae-Chul</au><au>Kim, Dae Won</au><au>Choi, Soo Young</au><au>Hong, Jun Kee</au><au>Lee, Ji-Won</au><au>Kim, Jong-Dai</au><au>Won, Moo-Ho</au><au>Kim, Sung-Su</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Pinus thunbergii bark extract rich in flavonoids promotes hair growth in dorsal skin by regulating inflammatory cytokines and increasing growth factors in mice</atitle><jtitle>Molecular medicine reports</jtitle><addtitle>Mol Med Rep</addtitle><date>2022-03-01</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>25</volume><issue>3</issue><artnum>100</artnum><issn>1791-2997</issn><eissn>1791-3004</eissn><abstract>Korean maritime pine bark (
) has been used as an alternative medicine due to its beneficial properties, including anti‑inflammatory effects. To date, the anti‑inflammatory and hair growth‑promoting effects of
bark extract have remained elusive. Therefore, in the present study,
bark was extracted with pure water (100˚C) and the extract was examined to determine its polyphenol and flavonoid content. C57BL/6 mice were used to assess the effects of the extract to promote hair growth. The extract (1, 2 and 4%) was topically applied onto shaved dorsal skin and hair growth was observed for 17 days. A significant increase in hair growth was observed with 2 and 4% extract. Based on this finding, the optimal dose of the extract for effective hair growth promotion was determined to be 2%. The mechanisms of hair growth promotion were investigated via immunohistochemical analysis of changes in inflammatory cytokines and growth factors in the hair follicles following treatment with 2% extract. The treatment reduced the levels of TNF‑α and IL‑1β, which are pro‑inflammatory cytokines, while it enhanced the levels of IL‑4 and IL‑13, which are anti‑inflammatory cytokines, in the hair follicles. In addition, elevated insulin‑like growth factor I and vascular epidermal growth factor were detected in hair follicles following treatment. Based on these findings, it was suggested that the extract of
bark may be utilized for hair loss prevention and/or hair growth promotion.</abstract><cop>Greece</cop><pub>Spandidos Publications</pub><pmid>35088884</pmid><doi>10.3892/mmr.2022.12616</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1791-2997 |
| ispartof | Molecular medicine reports, 2022-03, Vol.25 (3), Article 100 |
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| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_8822878 |
| source | Spandidos Publications Journals; MEDLINE; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; Alma/SFX Local Collection |
| subjects | Alopecia Aluminum Animals Baldness Bark Bioflavonoids Care and treatment Composition Cytokines Cytokines - analysis Dermatologic agents Dermatology Epidermal growth factor Flavones Flavonoids Flavonoids - analysis Flavonoids - pharmacology Follicles Formulae, receipts, prescriptions Growth factors Hair Hair Follicle Hair loss Health aspects IL-1β Inflammation Insulin Insulin-like growth factor I Interleukin 13 Interleukin 4 Laboratory animals Materia medica, Vegetable Medicine, Botanic Medicine, Herbal Mice Mice, Inbred C57BL Pharmacology, Experimental Phenols Pine Pinus - chemistry Pinus thunbergii Plant Bark - chemistry Plant extracts Plant Extracts - chemistry Skin Tumor necrosis factor-α |
| title | Pinus thunbergii bark extract rich in flavonoids promotes hair growth in dorsal skin by regulating inflammatory cytokines and increasing growth factors in mice |
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