Risk Factors for Pressure Injuries in Adult Patients: A Narrative Synthesis
Pressure injuries remain a serious health complication for patients and nursing staff. Evidence from the past decade has not been analysed through narrative synthesis yet. PubMed, Embase, CINAHL Complete, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and other reviews/sources were screened. Risk of bias was eva...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | International journal of environmental research and public health 2022-01, Vol.19 (2), p.761 |
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| creator | Chung, Man-Long Widdel, Manuel Kirchhoff, Julian Sellin, Julia Jelali, Mohieddine Geiser, Franziska Mücke, Martin Conrad, Rupert |
| description | Pressure injuries remain a serious health complication for patients and nursing staff. Evidence from the past decade has not been analysed through narrative synthesis yet. PubMed, Embase, CINAHL Complete, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and other reviews/sources were screened. Risk of bias was evaluated using a slightly modified QUIPS tool. Risk factor domains were used to assign (non)statistically independent risk factors. Hence, 67 studies with 679,660 patients were included. In low to moderate risk of bias studies, non-blanchable erythema reliably predicted pressure injury stage 2. Factors influencing mechanical boundary conditions, e.g., higher interface pressure or BMI < 18.5, as well as factors affecting interindividual susceptibility (male sex, older age, anemia, hypoalbuminemia, diabetes, hypotension, low physical activity, existing pressure injuries) and treatment-related aspects, such as length of stay in intensive care units, were identified as possible risk factors for pressure injury development. Health care professionals' evidence-based knowledge of above-mentioned risk factors is vital to ensure optimal prevention and/or treatment. Openly accessible risk factors, e.g., sex, age, BMI, pre-existing diabetes, and non-blanchable erythema, can serve as yellow flags for pressure injury development. Close communication concerning further risk factors, e.g., anemia, hypoalbuminemia, or low physical activity, may optimize prevention and/or treatment. Further high-quality evidence is warranted. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/ijerph19020761 |
| format | Article |
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Evidence from the past decade has not been analysed through narrative synthesis yet. PubMed, Embase, CINAHL Complete, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and other reviews/sources were screened. Risk of bias was evaluated using a slightly modified QUIPS tool. Risk factor domains were used to assign (non)statistically independent risk factors. Hence, 67 studies with 679,660 patients were included. In low to moderate risk of bias studies, non-blanchable erythema reliably predicted pressure injury stage 2. Factors influencing mechanical boundary conditions, e.g., higher interface pressure or BMI < 18.5, as well as factors affecting interindividual susceptibility (male sex, older age, anemia, hypoalbuminemia, diabetes, hypotension, low physical activity, existing pressure injuries) and treatment-related aspects, such as length of stay in intensive care units, were identified as possible risk factors for pressure injury development. Health care professionals' evidence-based knowledge of above-mentioned risk factors is vital to ensure optimal prevention and/or treatment. Openly accessible risk factors, e.g., sex, age, BMI, pre-existing diabetes, and non-blanchable erythema, can serve as yellow flags for pressure injury development. Close communication concerning further risk factors, e.g., anemia, hypoalbuminemia, or low physical activity, may optimize prevention and/or treatment. Further high-quality evidence is warranted.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1660-4601</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1661-7827</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1660-4601</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19020761</identifier><identifier>PMID: 35055583</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Adult ; Anemia ; Bias ; Boundary conditions ; Critical care ; Diabetes mellitus ; Erythema ; Health care ; Health Personnel ; Health risks ; Hospitals ; Humans ; Hypotension ; Injuries ; Intensive Care Units ; Male ; Mechanical properties ; Mortality ; Multivariate analysis ; Patients ; Physical activity ; Pressure ; Pressure Ulcer - epidemiology ; Pressure Ulcer - etiology ; Pressure ulcers ; Prevention ; Review ; Risk analysis ; Risk communication ; Risk Factors ; Statistical analysis ; Systematic review ; Variables</subject><ispartof>International journal of environmental research and public health, 2022-01, Vol.19 (2), p.761</ispartof><rights>2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). 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Evidence from the past decade has not been analysed through narrative synthesis yet. PubMed, Embase, CINAHL Complete, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and other reviews/sources were screened. Risk of bias was evaluated using a slightly modified QUIPS tool. Risk factor domains were used to assign (non)statistically independent risk factors. Hence, 67 studies with 679,660 patients were included. In low to moderate risk of bias studies, non-blanchable erythema reliably predicted pressure injury stage 2. Factors influencing mechanical boundary conditions, e.g., higher interface pressure or BMI < 18.5, as well as factors affecting interindividual susceptibility (male sex, older age, anemia, hypoalbuminemia, diabetes, hypotension, low physical activity, existing pressure injuries) and treatment-related aspects, such as length of stay in intensive care units, were identified as possible risk factors for pressure injury development. Health care professionals' evidence-based knowledge of above-mentioned risk factors is vital to ensure optimal prevention and/or treatment. Openly accessible risk factors, e.g., sex, age, BMI, pre-existing diabetes, and non-blanchable erythema, can serve as yellow flags for pressure injury development. Close communication concerning further risk factors, e.g., anemia, hypoalbuminemia, or low physical activity, may optimize prevention and/or treatment. Further high-quality evidence is warranted.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Anemia</subject><subject>Bias</subject><subject>Boundary conditions</subject><subject>Critical care</subject><subject>Diabetes mellitus</subject><subject>Erythema</subject><subject>Health care</subject><subject>Health Personnel</subject><subject>Health risks</subject><subject>Hospitals</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Hypotension</subject><subject>Injuries</subject><subject>Intensive Care Units</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Mechanical properties</subject><subject>Mortality</subject><subject>Multivariate analysis</subject><subject>Patients</subject><subject>Physical activity</subject><subject>Pressure</subject><subject>Pressure Ulcer - epidemiology</subject><subject>Pressure Ulcer - etiology</subject><subject>Pressure ulcers</subject><subject>Prevention</subject><subject>Review</subject><subject>Risk analysis</subject><subject>Risk communication</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>Statistical analysis</subject><subject>Systematic review</subject><subject>Variables</subject><issn>1660-4601</issn><issn>1661-7827</issn><issn>1660-4601</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><recordid>eNpdkU1PwzAMhiMEYmNw5YgiceHSkY82STkgTRODiQkmPs5R2qYspWtH0k7avyfTxrRxsi0_fmX7BeASoz6lMbo1hbaLGY4RQZzhI9DFjKEgZAgf7-UdcOZcgRAVIYtPQYdGKIoiQbvg-c24bzhSaVNbB_PawqnVzrVWw3FVtNZoB00FB1lbNnCqGqOrxt3BAXxR1vpyqeH7qmpm2hl3Dk5yVTp9sY098Dl6-Bg-BZPXx_FwMAnSEIsm4CTkkUhizkKtEVIsopwTkZMwTQVVhBKUUJQksWaIeTbngoeK5GmcxQKrjPbA_UZ30SZznaV-JatKubBmruxK1srIw05lZvKrXkrBuX8G9gI3WwFb_7TaNXJuXKrLUlW6bp0kjBAiIuof1gPX_9Cibm3lz1tTmMSUh8JT_Q2V2to5q_PdMhjJtU_y0Cc_cLV_wg7_M4b-AjP-jmA</recordid><startdate>20220111</startdate><enddate>20220111</enddate><creator>Chung, Man-Long</creator><creator>Widdel, Manuel</creator><creator>Kirchhoff, Julian</creator><creator>Sellin, Julia</creator><creator>Jelali, Mohieddine</creator><creator>Geiser, Franziska</creator><creator>Mücke, Martin</creator><creator>Conrad, Rupert</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><general>MDPI</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4212-9692</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0347-9913</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20220111</creationdate><title>Risk Factors for Pressure Injuries in Adult Patients: A Narrative Synthesis</title><author>Chung, Man-Long ; 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Evidence from the past decade has not been analysed through narrative synthesis yet. PubMed, Embase, CINAHL Complete, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and other reviews/sources were screened. Risk of bias was evaluated using a slightly modified QUIPS tool. Risk factor domains were used to assign (non)statistically independent risk factors. Hence, 67 studies with 679,660 patients were included. In low to moderate risk of bias studies, non-blanchable erythema reliably predicted pressure injury stage 2. Factors influencing mechanical boundary conditions, e.g., higher interface pressure or BMI < 18.5, as well as factors affecting interindividual susceptibility (male sex, older age, anemia, hypoalbuminemia, diabetes, hypotension, low physical activity, existing pressure injuries) and treatment-related aspects, such as length of stay in intensive care units, were identified as possible risk factors for pressure injury development. 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| subjects | Adult Anemia Bias Boundary conditions Critical care Diabetes mellitus Erythema Health care Health Personnel Health risks Hospitals Humans Hypotension Injuries Intensive Care Units Male Mechanical properties Mortality Multivariate analysis Patients Physical activity Pressure Pressure Ulcer - epidemiology Pressure Ulcer - etiology Pressure ulcers Prevention Review Risk analysis Risk communication Risk Factors Statistical analysis Systematic review Variables |
| title | Risk Factors for Pressure Injuries in Adult Patients: A Narrative Synthesis |
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