Effect of Annealing Temperature on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of High-Pressure Torsion-Produced 316LN Stainless Steel
316LN stainless steel is a prospective structural material for the nuclear and medical instruments industries. Severe plastic deformation (SPD) combined with annealing possesses have been used to create materials with excellent mechanical properties. In the present work, a series of ultrafine-graine...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Materials 2021-12, Vol.15 (1), p.181 |
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| creator | Dong, Yuanyuan Zhang, Zhe Yang, Zhihai Zheng, Ruixiao Chen, Xu |
| description | 316LN stainless steel is a prospective structural material for the nuclear and medical instruments industries. Severe plastic deformation (SPD) combined with annealing possesses have been used to create materials with excellent mechanical properties. In the present work, a series of ultrafine-grained (UFG) 316LN steels were produced by high-pressure torsion (HPT) and a subsequent annealing process. The effects of annealing temperature on grain recrystallization and precipitation were investigated. Recrystallized UFG 316LN steels can be achieved after annealing at high temperature. The σ phase generates, at grain boundaries, at an annealing temperature range of 750-850 °C. The dislocations induced by recrystallized grain boundaries and strain-induced nanotwins are beneficial for enhancing ductility. Moreover, microcracks are easy to nucleate at the σ phase and the γ-austenite interface, causing unexpected rapid fractures. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/ma15010181 |
| format | Article |
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Severe plastic deformation (SPD) combined with annealing possesses have been used to create materials with excellent mechanical properties. In the present work, a series of ultrafine-grained (UFG) 316LN steels were produced by high-pressure torsion (HPT) and a subsequent annealing process. The effects of annealing temperature on grain recrystallization and precipitation were investigated. Recrystallized UFG 316LN steels can be achieved after annealing at high temperature. The σ phase generates, at grain boundaries, at an annealing temperature range of 750-850 °C. The dislocations induced by recrystallized grain boundaries and strain-induced nanotwins are beneficial for enhancing ductility. Moreover, microcracks are easy to nucleate at the σ phase and the γ-austenite interface, causing unexpected rapid fractures.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1996-1944</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1996-1944</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/ma15010181</identifier><identifier>PMID: 35009329</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Annealing ; Austenitic stainless steels ; Cold ; Deformation ; Ductility ; Fractures ; Grain boundaries ; Grain size ; High pressure ; High temperature ; Mechanical properties ; Medical instruments ; Microcracks ; Nitrogen ; Plastic deformation ; Powder metallurgy ; Recrystallization ; Sigma phase ; Stainless steel ; Strain hardening ; Temperature ; Ultrafines ; Yield stress</subject><ispartof>Materials, 2021-12, Vol.15 (1), p.181</ispartof><rights>2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). 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Moreover, microcracks are easy to nucleate at the σ phase and the γ-austenite interface, causing unexpected rapid fractures.</description><subject>Annealing</subject><subject>Austenitic stainless steels</subject><subject>Cold</subject><subject>Deformation</subject><subject>Ductility</subject><subject>Fractures</subject><subject>Grain boundaries</subject><subject>Grain size</subject><subject>High pressure</subject><subject>High temperature</subject><subject>Mechanical properties</subject><subject>Medical instruments</subject><subject>Microcracks</subject><subject>Nitrogen</subject><subject>Plastic deformation</subject><subject>Powder metallurgy</subject><subject>Recrystallization</subject><subject>Sigma phase</subject><subject>Stainless steel</subject><subject>Strain hardening</subject><subject>Temperature</subject><subject>Ultrafines</subject><subject>Yield stress</subject><issn>1996-1944</issn><issn>1996-1944</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><recordid>eNpdkdFqFTEQhhdRbKm98QEk4I0Iq5kku2dzI5RSrXCqBY_XyzSZnJOymxyT3YJP4GubbWut5ibDzJd_ZvJX1Uvg76TU_P2I0HDg0MGT6hC0bmvQSj19FB9Uxzlf83KkhE7o59WBbDjXUujD6teZc2QmFh07CYFw8GHLNjTuKeE0J2IxsGlH7MKbFPOUZnObxWDZBZkdBm9wYJcplgeTp7wInfvtrr5MlPOCbmLKPoaSiHY2ZJmEdv2FfZvQh6EwJSIaXlTPHA6Zju_vo-r7x7PN6Xm9_vrp8-nJujaKt1MtsEVqnHWdBe1QYtsKq2xDYiWvTNc04FYKLSqBQtiV66TqJFdg0QJq18qj6sOd7n6-GskaClPCod8nP2L62Uf0_b-V4Hf9Nt703Uq1ALIIvLkXSPHHTHnqR58NDQMGinPuRQudhkbppdfr_9DrOKdQ1rulhBINiEK9vaOWD86J3MMwwPvF4v6vxQV-9Xj8B_SPofI3NxOjHA</recordid><startdate>20211227</startdate><enddate>20211227</enddate><creator>Dong, Yuanyuan</creator><creator>Zhang, Zhe</creator><creator>Yang, Zhihai</creator><creator>Zheng, Ruixiao</creator><creator>Chen, Xu</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><general>MDPI</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7754-9814</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20211227</creationdate><title>Effect of Annealing Temperature on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of High-Pressure Torsion-Produced 316LN Stainless Steel</title><author>Dong, Yuanyuan ; Zhang, Zhe ; Yang, Zhihai ; Zheng, Ruixiao ; Chen, Xu</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c406t-2a6ae5fdf8d19fa3a662d4d5e273bc8551f74ada42a22d7f83483041dad1a9f63</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Annealing</topic><topic>Austenitic stainless steels</topic><topic>Cold</topic><topic>Deformation</topic><topic>Ductility</topic><topic>Fractures</topic><topic>Grain boundaries</topic><topic>Grain size</topic><topic>High pressure</topic><topic>High temperature</topic><topic>Mechanical properties</topic><topic>Medical instruments</topic><topic>Microcracks</topic><topic>Nitrogen</topic><topic>Plastic deformation</topic><topic>Powder metallurgy</topic><topic>Recrystallization</topic><topic>Sigma phase</topic><topic>Stainless steel</topic><topic>Strain hardening</topic><topic>Temperature</topic><topic>Ultrafines</topic><topic>Yield stress</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Dong, Yuanyuan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Zhe</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yang, Zhihai</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zheng, Ruixiao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Xu</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>Materials Science Database</collection><collection>Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>Access via ProQuest (Open Access)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Materials</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Dong, Yuanyuan</au><au>Zhang, Zhe</au><au>Yang, Zhihai</au><au>Zheng, Ruixiao</au><au>Chen, Xu</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Effect of Annealing Temperature on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of High-Pressure Torsion-Produced 316LN Stainless Steel</atitle><jtitle>Materials</jtitle><addtitle>Materials (Basel)</addtitle><date>2021-12-27</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>15</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>181</spage><pages>181-</pages><issn>1996-1944</issn><eissn>1996-1944</eissn><abstract>316LN stainless steel is a prospective structural material for the nuclear and medical instruments industries. Severe plastic deformation (SPD) combined with annealing possesses have been used to create materials with excellent mechanical properties. In the present work, a series of ultrafine-grained (UFG) 316LN steels were produced by high-pressure torsion (HPT) and a subsequent annealing process. The effects of annealing temperature on grain recrystallization and precipitation were investigated. Recrystallized UFG 316LN steels can be achieved after annealing at high temperature. The σ phase generates, at grain boundaries, at an annealing temperature range of 750-850 °C. The dislocations induced by recrystallized grain boundaries and strain-induced nanotwins are beneficial for enhancing ductility. 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| subjects | Annealing Austenitic stainless steels Cold Deformation Ductility Fractures Grain boundaries Grain size High pressure High temperature Mechanical properties Medical instruments Microcracks Nitrogen Plastic deformation Powder metallurgy Recrystallization Sigma phase Stainless steel Strain hardening Temperature Ultrafines Yield stress |
| title | Effect of Annealing Temperature on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of High-Pressure Torsion-Produced 316LN Stainless Steel |
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