European Society of Cardiology guidance for the diagnosis and management of cardiovascular disease during the COVID-19 pandemic: part 1—epidemiology, pathophysiology, and diagnosis
Abstract Aims Since its emergence in early 2020, the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has reached pandemic levels, and there have been repeated outbreaks across the globe. The aim of this two-part series is to provide practical knowled...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | European heart journal 2022-03, Vol.43 (11), p.1033-1058 |
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| creator | Baigent, Colin Windecker, Stephan Andreini, Daniele Arbelo, Elena Barbato, Emanuele Bartorelli, Antonio L Baumbach, Andreas Behr, Elijah R Berti, Sergio Bueno, Héctor Capodanno, Davide Cappato, Riccardo Chieffo, Alaide Collet, Jean-Philippe Cuisset, Thomas de Simone, Giovanni Delgado, Victoria Dendale, Paul Dudek, Dariusz Edvardsen, Thor Elvan, Arif González-Juanatey, José R Gori, Mauro Grobbee, Diederick Guzik, Tomasz J Halvorsen, Sigrun Haude, Michael Heidbuchel, Hein Hindricks, Gerhard Ibanez, Borja Karam, Nicole Katus, Hugo Klok, Fredrikus A Konstantinides, Stavros V Landmesser, Ulf Leclercq, Christophe Leonardi, Sergio Lettino, Maddalena Marenzi, Giancarlo Mauri, Josepa Metra, Marco Morici, Nuccia Mueller, Christian Petronio, Anna Sonia Polovina, Marija M Potpara, Tatjana Praz, Fabien Prendergast, Bernard Prescott, Eva Price, Susanna Pruszczyk, Piotr Rodríguez-Leor, Oriol Roffi, Marco Romaguera, Rafael Rosenkranz, Stephan Sarkozy, Andrea Scherrenberg, Martijn Seferovic, Petar Senni, Michele Spera, Francesco R Stefanini, Giulio Thiele, Holger Tomasoni, Daniela Torracca, Luccia Touyz, Rhian M Wilde, Arthur A Williams, Bryan |
| description | Abstract
Aims
Since its emergence in early 2020, the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has reached pandemic levels, and there have been repeated outbreaks across the globe. The aim of this two-part series is to provide practical knowledge and guidance to aid clinicians in the diagnosis and management of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in association with COVID-19.
Methods and results
A narrative literature review of the available evidence has been performed, and the resulting information has been organized into two parts. The first, reported here, focuses on the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and diagnosis of cardiovascular (CV) conditions that may be manifest in patients with COVID-19. The second part, which will follow in a later edition of the journal, addresses the topics of care pathways, treatment, and follow-up of CV conditions in patients with COVID-19.
Conclusion
This comprehensive review is not a formal guideline but rather a document that provides a summary of current knowledge and guidance to practicing clinicians managing patients with CVD and COVID-19. The recommendations are mainly the result of observations and personal experience from healthcare providers. Therefore, the information provided here may be subject to change with increasing knowledge, evidence from prospective studies, and changes in the pandemic. Likewise, the guidance provided in the document should not interfere with recommendations provided by local and national healthcare authorities.
Graphical Abstract
Graphical Abstract |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab696 |
| format | Article |
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Aims
Since its emergence in early 2020, the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has reached pandemic levels, and there have been repeated outbreaks across the globe. The aim of this two-part series is to provide practical knowledge and guidance to aid clinicians in the diagnosis and management of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in association with COVID-19.
Methods and results
A narrative literature review of the available evidence has been performed, and the resulting information has been organized into two parts. The first, reported here, focuses on the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and diagnosis of cardiovascular (CV) conditions that may be manifest in patients with COVID-19. The second part, which will follow in a later edition of the journal, addresses the topics of care pathways, treatment, and follow-up of CV conditions in patients with COVID-19.
Conclusion
This comprehensive review is not a formal guideline but rather a document that provides a summary of current knowledge and guidance to practicing clinicians managing patients with CVD and COVID-19. The recommendations are mainly the result of observations and personal experience from healthcare providers. Therefore, the information provided here may be subject to change with increasing knowledge, evidence from prospective studies, and changes in the pandemic. Likewise, the guidance provided in the document should not interfere with recommendations provided by local and national healthcare authorities.
Graphical Abstract
Graphical Abstract</description><identifier>ISSN: 0195-668X</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1522-9645</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1522-9645</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab696</identifier><identifier>PMID: 34791157</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Oxford University Press</publisher><subject>ACE2 ; Arrhythmias ; Biomarkers ; Cardiogenic shock ; Cardiology ; Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ; Cardiovascular & respiratory systems ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Cardiovascular Diseases - diagnosis ; Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology ; Cardiovascular Diseases - therapy ; COVID-19 ; Human health sciences ; Humans ; Myocardial injury ; Myocarditis ; Non-invasive imaging ; Pandemics ; Prospective Studies ; Sciences de la santé humaine ; Special ; Systèmes cardiovasculaire & respiratoire</subject><ispartof>European heart journal, 2022-03, Vol.43 (11), p.1033-1058</ispartof><rights>This article has been co-published with permission in the European Heart Journal and Cardiovascular Research . © The European Society of Cardiology 2021. All rights reserved. The articles are identical except for minor stylistic and spelling differences in keeping with each journal’s style. Either citation can be used when citing this article. 2021</rights><rights>This article has been co-published with permission in the European Heart Journal and Cardiovascular Research. © The European Society of Cardiology 2021. All rights reserved. The articles are identical except for minor stylistic and spelling differences in keeping with each journal’s style. Either citation can be used when citing this article.</rights><rights>This article has been co-published with permission in the . © The European Society of Cardiology 2021. All rights reserved. The articles are identical except for minor stylistic and spelling differences in keeping with each journal’s style. Either citation can be used when citing this article. 2021</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4616-7571d97122967524ae11b4feea9bb5e72b72de944b225b93a4f636c744059cb13</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4616-7571d97122967524ae11b4feea9bb5e72b72de944b225b93a4f636c744059cb13</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>230,314,776,780,881,1578,27901,27902</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34791157$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Baigent, Colin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Windecker, Stephan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Andreini, Daniele</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Arbelo, Elena</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Barbato, Emanuele</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bartorelli, Antonio L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Baumbach, Andreas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Behr, Elijah R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Berti, Sergio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bueno, Héctor</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Capodanno, Davide</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cappato, Riccardo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chieffo, Alaide</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Collet, Jean-Philippe</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cuisset, Thomas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Simone, Giovanni</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Delgado, Victoria</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dendale, Paul</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dudek, Dariusz</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Edvardsen, Thor</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Elvan, Arif</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>González-Juanatey, José R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gori, Mauro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Grobbee, Diederick</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Guzik, Tomasz J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Halvorsen, Sigrun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Haude, Michael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Heidbuchel, Hein</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hindricks, Gerhard</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ibanez, Borja</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Karam, Nicole</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Katus, Hugo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Klok, Fredrikus A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Konstantinides, Stavros V</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Landmesser, Ulf</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Leclercq, Christophe</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Leonardi, Sergio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lettino, Maddalena</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Marenzi, Giancarlo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mauri, Josepa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Metra, Marco</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Morici, Nuccia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mueller, Christian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Petronio, Anna Sonia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Polovina, Marija M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Potpara, Tatjana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Praz, Fabien</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Prendergast, Bernard</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Prescott, Eva</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Price, Susanna</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pruszczyk, Piotr</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rodríguez-Leor, Oriol</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Roffi, Marco</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Romaguera, Rafael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rosenkranz, Stephan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sarkozy, Andrea</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Scherrenberg, Martijn</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Seferovic, Petar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Senni, Michele</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Spera, Francesco R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stefanini, Giulio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Thiele, Holger</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tomasoni, Daniela</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Torracca, Luccia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Touyz, Rhian M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wilde, Arthur A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Williams, Bryan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Task Force for the management of COVID-19 of the European Society of Cardiology</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>The Task Force for the management of COVID-19 of the European Society of Cardiology</creatorcontrib><title>European Society of Cardiology guidance for the diagnosis and management of cardiovascular disease during the COVID-19 pandemic: part 1—epidemiology, pathophysiology, and diagnosis</title><title>European heart journal</title><addtitle>Eur Heart J</addtitle><description>Abstract
Aims
Since its emergence in early 2020, the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has reached pandemic levels, and there have been repeated outbreaks across the globe. The aim of this two-part series is to provide practical knowledge and guidance to aid clinicians in the diagnosis and management of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in association with COVID-19.
Methods and results
A narrative literature review of the available evidence has been performed, and the resulting information has been organized into two parts. The first, reported here, focuses on the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and diagnosis of cardiovascular (CV) conditions that may be manifest in patients with COVID-19. The second part, which will follow in a later edition of the journal, addresses the topics of care pathways, treatment, and follow-up of CV conditions in patients with COVID-19.
Conclusion
This comprehensive review is not a formal guideline but rather a document that provides a summary of current knowledge and guidance to practicing clinicians managing patients with CVD and COVID-19. The recommendations are mainly the result of observations and personal experience from healthcare providers. Therefore, the information provided here may be subject to change with increasing knowledge, evidence from prospective studies, and changes in the pandemic. Likewise, the guidance provided in the document should not interfere with recommendations provided by local and national healthcare authorities.
Graphical Abstract
Graphical Abstract</description><subject>ACE2</subject><subject>Arrhythmias</subject><subject>Biomarkers</subject><subject>Cardiogenic shock</subject><subject>Cardiology</subject><subject>Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine</subject><subject>Cardiovascular & respiratory systems</subject><subject>Cardiovascular Diseases</subject><subject>Cardiovascular Diseases - diagnosis</subject><subject>Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology</subject><subject>Cardiovascular Diseases - therapy</subject><subject>COVID-19</subject><subject>Human health sciences</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Myocardial injury</subject><subject>Myocarditis</subject><subject>Non-invasive imaging</subject><subject>Pandemics</subject><subject>Prospective Studies</subject><subject>Sciences de la santé humaine</subject><subject>Special</subject><subject>Systèmes cardiovasculaire & 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Bueno, Héctor ; Capodanno, Davide ; Cappato, Riccardo ; Chieffo, Alaide ; Collet, Jean-Philippe ; Cuisset, Thomas ; de Simone, Giovanni ; Delgado, Victoria ; Dendale, Paul ; Dudek, Dariusz ; Edvardsen, Thor ; Elvan, Arif ; González-Juanatey, José R ; Gori, Mauro ; Grobbee, Diederick ; Guzik, Tomasz J ; Halvorsen, Sigrun ; Haude, Michael ; Heidbuchel, Hein ; Hindricks, Gerhard ; Ibanez, Borja ; Karam, Nicole ; Katus, Hugo ; Klok, Fredrikus A ; Konstantinides, Stavros V ; Landmesser, Ulf ; Leclercq, Christophe ; Leonardi, Sergio ; Lettino, Maddalena ; Marenzi, Giancarlo ; Mauri, Josepa ; Metra, Marco ; Morici, Nuccia ; Mueller, Christian ; Petronio, Anna Sonia ; Polovina, Marija M ; Potpara, Tatjana ; Praz, Fabien ; Prendergast, Bernard ; Prescott, Eva ; Price, Susanna ; Pruszczyk, Piotr ; Rodríguez-Leor, Oriol ; Roffi, Marco ; Romaguera, Rafael ; Rosenkranz, Stephan ; Sarkozy, Andrea ; Scherrenberg, Martijn ; Seferovic, Petar ; Senni, Michele ; Spera, Francesco R ; Stefanini, Giulio ; Thiele, Holger ; Tomasoni, Daniela ; Torracca, Luccia ; Touyz, Rhian M ; Wilde, Arthur A ; Williams, Bryan</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4616-7571d97122967524ae11b4feea9bb5e72b72de944b225b93a4f636c744059cb13</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>ACE2</topic><topic>Arrhythmias</topic><topic>Biomarkers</topic><topic>Cardiogenic shock</topic><topic>Cardiology</topic><topic>Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine</topic><topic>Cardiovascular & respiratory systems</topic><topic>Cardiovascular Diseases</topic><topic>Cardiovascular Diseases - diagnosis</topic><topic>Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology</topic><topic>Cardiovascular Diseases - therapy</topic><topic>COVID-19</topic><topic>Human health sciences</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Myocardial injury</topic><topic>Myocarditis</topic><topic>Non-invasive imaging</topic><topic>Pandemics</topic><topic>Prospective Studies</topic><topic>Sciences de la santé humaine</topic><topic>Special</topic><topic>Systèmes cardiovasculaire & respiratoire</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Baigent, Colin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Windecker, Stephan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Andreini, Daniele</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Arbelo, Elena</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Barbato, Emanuele</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bartorelli, Antonio L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Baumbach, Andreas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Behr, Elijah R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Berti, Sergio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bueno, Héctor</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Capodanno, Davide</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cappato, Riccardo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chieffo, Alaide</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Collet, Jean-Philippe</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cuisset, Thomas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Simone, Giovanni</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Delgado, Victoria</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dendale, Paul</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dudek, Dariusz</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Edvardsen, Thor</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Elvan, Arif</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>González-Juanatey, José R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gori, Mauro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Grobbee, Diederick</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Guzik, Tomasz J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Halvorsen, Sigrun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Haude, Michael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Heidbuchel, Hein</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hindricks, Gerhard</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ibanez, Borja</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Karam, Nicole</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Katus, Hugo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Klok, Fredrikus A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Konstantinides, Stavros V</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Landmesser, Ulf</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Leclercq, Christophe</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Leonardi, Sergio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lettino, Maddalena</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Marenzi, Giancarlo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mauri, Josepa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Metra, Marco</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Morici, Nuccia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mueller, Christian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Petronio, Anna Sonia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Polovina, Marija M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Potpara, Tatjana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Praz, Fabien</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Prendergast, Bernard</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Prescott, Eva</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Price, Susanna</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pruszczyk, Piotr</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rodríguez-Leor, Oriol</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Roffi, Marco</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Romaguera, Rafael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rosenkranz, Stephan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sarkozy, Andrea</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Scherrenberg, Martijn</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Seferovic, Petar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Senni, Michele</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Spera, Francesco R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stefanini, Giulio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Thiele, Holger</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tomasoni, Daniela</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Torracca, Luccia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Touyz, Rhian M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wilde, Arthur A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Williams, Bryan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Task Force for the management of COVID-19 of the European Society of Cardiology</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>The Task Force for the management of COVID-19 of the European Society of Cardiology</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>Université de Liège - Open Repository and Bibliography (ORBI)</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>European heart journal</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Baigent, Colin</au><au>Windecker, Stephan</au><au>Andreini, Daniele</au><au>Arbelo, Elena</au><au>Barbato, Emanuele</au><au>Bartorelli, Antonio L</au><au>Baumbach, Andreas</au><au>Behr, Elijah R</au><au>Berti, Sergio</au><au>Bueno, Héctor</au><au>Capodanno, Davide</au><au>Cappato, Riccardo</au><au>Chieffo, Alaide</au><au>Collet, Jean-Philippe</au><au>Cuisset, Thomas</au><au>de Simone, Giovanni</au><au>Delgado, Victoria</au><au>Dendale, Paul</au><au>Dudek, Dariusz</au><au>Edvardsen, Thor</au><au>Elvan, Arif</au><au>González-Juanatey, José R</au><au>Gori, Mauro</au><au>Grobbee, Diederick</au><au>Guzik, Tomasz J</au><au>Halvorsen, Sigrun</au><au>Haude, Michael</au><au>Heidbuchel, Hein</au><au>Hindricks, Gerhard</au><au>Ibanez, Borja</au><au>Karam, Nicole</au><au>Katus, Hugo</au><au>Klok, Fredrikus A</au><au>Konstantinides, Stavros V</au><au>Landmesser, Ulf</au><au>Leclercq, Christophe</au><au>Leonardi, Sergio</au><au>Lettino, Maddalena</au><au>Marenzi, Giancarlo</au><au>Mauri, Josepa</au><au>Metra, Marco</au><au>Morici, Nuccia</au><au>Mueller, Christian</au><au>Petronio, Anna Sonia</au><au>Polovina, Marija M</au><au>Potpara, Tatjana</au><au>Praz, Fabien</au><au>Prendergast, Bernard</au><au>Prescott, Eva</au><au>Price, Susanna</au><au>Pruszczyk, Piotr</au><au>Rodríguez-Leor, Oriol</au><au>Roffi, Marco</au><au>Romaguera, Rafael</au><au>Rosenkranz, Stephan</au><au>Sarkozy, Andrea</au><au>Scherrenberg, Martijn</au><au>Seferovic, Petar</au><au>Senni, Michele</au><au>Spera, Francesco R</au><au>Stefanini, Giulio</au><au>Thiele, Holger</au><au>Tomasoni, Daniela</au><au>Torracca, Luccia</au><au>Touyz, Rhian M</au><au>Wilde, Arthur A</au><au>Williams, Bryan</au><aucorp>Task Force for the management of COVID-19 of the European Society of Cardiology</aucorp><aucorp>The Task Force for the management of COVID-19 of the European Society of Cardiology</aucorp><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>European Society of Cardiology guidance for the diagnosis and management of cardiovascular disease during the COVID-19 pandemic: part 1—epidemiology, pathophysiology, and diagnosis</atitle><jtitle>European heart journal</jtitle><addtitle>Eur Heart J</addtitle><date>2022-03-14</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>43</volume><issue>11</issue><spage>1033</spage><epage>1058</epage><pages>1033-1058</pages><issn>0195-668X</issn><issn>1522-9645</issn><eissn>1522-9645</eissn><abstract>Abstract
Aims
Since its emergence in early 2020, the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has reached pandemic levels, and there have been repeated outbreaks across the globe. The aim of this two-part series is to provide practical knowledge and guidance to aid clinicians in the diagnosis and management of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in association with COVID-19.
Methods and results
A narrative literature review of the available evidence has been performed, and the resulting information has been organized into two parts. The first, reported here, focuses on the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and diagnosis of cardiovascular (CV) conditions that may be manifest in patients with COVID-19. The second part, which will follow in a later edition of the journal, addresses the topics of care pathways, treatment, and follow-up of CV conditions in patients with COVID-19.
Conclusion
This comprehensive review is not a formal guideline but rather a document that provides a summary of current knowledge and guidance to practicing clinicians managing patients with CVD and COVID-19. The recommendations are mainly the result of observations and personal experience from healthcare providers. Therefore, the information provided here may be subject to change with increasing knowledge, evidence from prospective studies, and changes in the pandemic. Likewise, the guidance provided in the document should not interfere with recommendations provided by local and national healthcare authorities.
Graphical Abstract
Graphical Abstract</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Oxford University Press</pub><pmid>34791157</pmid><doi>10.1093/eurheartj/ehab696</doi><tpages>26</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0195-668X |
| ispartof | European heart journal, 2022-03, Vol.43 (11), p.1033-1058 |
| issn | 0195-668X 1522-9645 1522-9645 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_8690026 |
| source | Oxford University Press Journals All Titles (1996-Current); MEDLINE; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; Alma/SFX Local Collection |
| subjects | ACE2 Arrhythmias Biomarkers Cardiogenic shock Cardiology Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine Cardiovascular & respiratory systems Cardiovascular Diseases Cardiovascular Diseases - diagnosis Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology Cardiovascular Diseases - therapy COVID-19 Human health sciences Humans Myocardial injury Myocarditis Non-invasive imaging Pandemics Prospective Studies Sciences de la santé humaine Special Systèmes cardiovasculaire & respiratoire |
| title | European Society of Cardiology guidance for the diagnosis and management of cardiovascular disease during the COVID-19 pandemic: part 1—epidemiology, pathophysiology, and diagnosis |
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