Interpreting global trends in type 2 diabetes complications and mortality
International trends in traditional diabetes complications (cardiovascular, renal, peripheral vascular, ophthalmic, hepatic or neurological diseases) and mortality rates are poorly characterised. An earlier review of studies published up to 2015 demonstrated that most data come from a dozen high-inc...
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description | International trends in traditional diabetes complications (cardiovascular, renal, peripheral vascular, ophthalmic, hepatic or neurological diseases) and mortality rates are poorly characterised. An earlier review of studies published up to 2015 demonstrated that most data come from a dozen high-income countries (HICs) in North America, Europe or the Asia–Pacific region and that, in these countries at least, rates of acute glycaemic fluctuations needing medical attention and amputations, myocardial infarction and mortality were all declining over the period. Here, we provide an updated review of published literature on trends in type 2 diabetes complications and mortality in adults since 2015. We also discuss issues related to data collection, analysis and reporting that have influenced global trends in type 2 diabetes and its complications. We found that most data on trends in type 2 diabetes, its complications and mortality come from a small number of HICs with comprehensive surveillance systems, though at least some low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) from Africa and Latin America are represented in this review. The published data suggest that HICs have experienced declines in cardiovascular complication rates and all-cause mortality in people with diabetes. In parallel, cardiovascular complications and mortality rates in people with diabetes have increased over time in LMICs. However, caution is warranted in interpreting trends from LMICs due to extremely sparse data or data that are not comparable across countries. We noted that approaches to case ascertainment and definitions of complications and mortality (numerators) and type 2 diabetes (the denominator) vary widely and influence the interpretation of international data. We offer four key recommendations to more rigorously document trends in rates of type 2 diabetes complications and mortality, over time and worldwide: (1) increasing investments in data collection systems; (2) standardising case definitions and approaches to ascertainment; (3) strengthening analytical capacity; and (4) developing and implementing structured guidelines for reporting of data.
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Graphical abstract</description><identifier>ISSN: 0012-186X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1432-0428</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00125-021-05585-2</identifier><identifier>PMID: 34837505</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher><subject>Adult ; Africa ; Blood Glucose ; Cardiovascular diseases ; Data collection ; Diabetes ; Diabetes Complications - epidemiology ; Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent) ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - complications ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - epidemiology ; Global Health ; Human Physiology ; Humans ; Internal Medicine ; Liver diseases ; Medicine ; Medicine & Public Health ; Metabolic Diseases ; Mortality ; Myocardial infarction ; Neurological diseases ; Review ; Reviews ; Trends</subject><ispartof>Diabetologia, 2022-01, Vol.65 (1), p.3-13</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2021</rights><rights>2021. The Author(s).</rights><rights>The Author(s) 2021. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c540t-14af533e634c2524811c44dd4d6f57c16bba393b46dff8dfd9ed7a82b2f368783</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c540t-14af533e634c2524811c44dd4d6f57c16bba393b46dff8dfd9ed7a82b2f368783</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00125-021-05585-2$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00125-021-05585-2$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,776,780,881,27901,27902,41464,42533,51294</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34837505$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Ali, Mohammed K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pearson-Stuttard, Jonathan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Selvin, Elizabeth</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gregg, Edward W.</creatorcontrib><title>Interpreting global trends in type 2 diabetes complications and mortality</title><title>Diabetologia</title><addtitle>Diabetologia</addtitle><addtitle>Diabetologia</addtitle><description>International trends in traditional diabetes complications (cardiovascular, renal, peripheral vascular, ophthalmic, hepatic or neurological diseases) and mortality rates are poorly characterised. An earlier review of studies published up to 2015 demonstrated that most data come from a dozen high-income countries (HICs) in North America, Europe or the Asia–Pacific region and that, in these countries at least, rates of acute glycaemic fluctuations needing medical attention and amputations, myocardial infarction and mortality were all declining over the period. Here, we provide an updated review of published literature on trends in type 2 diabetes complications and mortality in adults since 2015. We also discuss issues related to data collection, analysis and reporting that have influenced global trends in type 2 diabetes and its complications. We found that most data on trends in type 2 diabetes, its complications and mortality come from a small number of HICs with comprehensive surveillance systems, though at least some low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) from Africa and Latin America are represented in this review. The published data suggest that HICs have experienced declines in cardiovascular complication rates and all-cause mortality in people with diabetes. In parallel, cardiovascular complications and mortality rates in people with diabetes have increased over time in LMICs. However, caution is warranted in interpreting trends from LMICs due to extremely sparse data or data that are not comparable across countries. We noted that approaches to case ascertainment and definitions of complications and mortality (numerators) and type 2 diabetes (the denominator) vary widely and influence the interpretation of international data. We offer four key recommendations to more rigorously document trends in rates of type 2 diabetes complications and mortality, over time and worldwide: (1) increasing investments in data collection systems; (2) standardising case definitions and approaches to ascertainment; (3) strengthening analytical capacity; and (4) developing and implementing structured guidelines for reporting of data.
Graphical abstract</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Africa</subject><subject>Blood Glucose</subject><subject>Cardiovascular diseases</subject><subject>Data collection</subject><subject>Diabetes</subject><subject>Diabetes Complications - epidemiology</subject><subject>Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent)</subject><subject>Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - complications</subject><subject>Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - epidemiology</subject><subject>Global Health</subject><subject>Human Physiology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Internal Medicine</subject><subject>Liver diseases</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Medicine & Public Health</subject><subject>Metabolic Diseases</subject><subject>Mortality</subject><subject>Myocardial infarction</subject><subject>Neurological diseases</subject><subject>Review</subject><subject>Reviews</subject><subject>Trends</subject><issn>0012-186X</issn><issn>1432-0428</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>C6C</sourceid><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kc2KFDEUhYMoTs_oC7iQgBs3pTf_mY0gg44NA24U3IVUkmozVCVlkhb67U3b4_izcBGyON89yeVD6BmBVwRAva4AhIoBKBlACC0G-gBtCGd0AE71Q7Q55gPR8ssZOq_1FgCY4PIxOmNcMyVAbNB2m1ooawktph3ezXm0M24lJF9xTLgd1oAp9tGOoYWKXV7WOTrbYk4V2-Txkkuzc2yHJ-jRZOcant7dF-jz-3efrj4MNx-vt1dvbwYnOLSBcDsJxoJk3FFBuSbEce4993ISyhE5jpZdspFLP03aT_4yeGU1HenEpFaaXaA3p951Py7Bu5BasbNZS1xsOZhso_k7SfGr2eXvRksJikEveHlXUPK3fajNLLG6MM82hbyvhkrgQJTSqqMv_kFv876kvt6R0v0oyjtFT5QrudYSpvvPEDBHU-ZkynRT5qcpQ_vQ8z_XuB_5paYD7ATUHqVdKL_f_k_tD-x8n1w</recordid><startdate>20220101</startdate><enddate>20220101</enddate><creator>Ali, Mohammed K.</creator><creator>Pearson-Stuttard, Jonathan</creator><creator>Selvin, Elizabeth</creator><creator>Gregg, Edward W.</creator><general>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>C6C</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20220101</creationdate><title>Interpreting global trends in type 2 diabetes complications and mortality</title><author>Ali, Mohammed K. ; Pearson-Stuttard, Jonathan ; Selvin, Elizabeth ; Gregg, Edward W.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c540t-14af533e634c2524811c44dd4d6f57c16bba393b46dff8dfd9ed7a82b2f368783</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Africa</topic><topic>Blood Glucose</topic><topic>Cardiovascular diseases</topic><topic>Data collection</topic><topic>Diabetes</topic><topic>Diabetes Complications - epidemiology</topic><topic>Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent)</topic><topic>Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - complications</topic><topic>Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - epidemiology</topic><topic>Global Health</topic><topic>Human Physiology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Internal Medicine</topic><topic>Liver diseases</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Medicine & Public Health</topic><topic>Metabolic Diseases</topic><topic>Mortality</topic><topic>Myocardial infarction</topic><topic>Neurological diseases</topic><topic>Review</topic><topic>Reviews</topic><topic>Trends</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Ali, Mohammed K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pearson-Stuttard, Jonathan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Selvin, Elizabeth</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gregg, Edward W.</creatorcontrib><collection>Springer Nature OA Free Journals</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Diabetologia</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Ali, Mohammed K.</au><au>Pearson-Stuttard, Jonathan</au><au>Selvin, Elizabeth</au><au>Gregg, Edward W.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Interpreting global trends in type 2 diabetes complications and mortality</atitle><jtitle>Diabetologia</jtitle><stitle>Diabetologia</stitle><addtitle>Diabetologia</addtitle><date>2022-01-01</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>65</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>3</spage><epage>13</epage><pages>3-13</pages><issn>0012-186X</issn><eissn>1432-0428</eissn><abstract>International trends in traditional diabetes complications (cardiovascular, renal, peripheral vascular, ophthalmic, hepatic or neurological diseases) and mortality rates are poorly characterised. An earlier review of studies published up to 2015 demonstrated that most data come from a dozen high-income countries (HICs) in North America, Europe or the Asia–Pacific region and that, in these countries at least, rates of acute glycaemic fluctuations needing medical attention and amputations, myocardial infarction and mortality were all declining over the period. Here, we provide an updated review of published literature on trends in type 2 diabetes complications and mortality in adults since 2015. We also discuss issues related to data collection, analysis and reporting that have influenced global trends in type 2 diabetes and its complications. We found that most data on trends in type 2 diabetes, its complications and mortality come from a small number of HICs with comprehensive surveillance systems, though at least some low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) from Africa and Latin America are represented in this review. The published data suggest that HICs have experienced declines in cardiovascular complication rates and all-cause mortality in people with diabetes. In parallel, cardiovascular complications and mortality rates in people with diabetes have increased over time in LMICs. However, caution is warranted in interpreting trends from LMICs due to extremely sparse data or data that are not comparable across countries. We noted that approaches to case ascertainment and definitions of complications and mortality (numerators) and type 2 diabetes (the denominator) vary widely and influence the interpretation of international data. We offer four key recommendations to more rigorously document trends in rates of type 2 diabetes complications and mortality, over time and worldwide: (1) increasing investments in data collection systems; (2) standardising case definitions and approaches to ascertainment; (3) strengthening analytical capacity; and (4) developing and implementing structured guidelines for reporting of data.
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subjects | Adult Africa Blood Glucose Cardiovascular diseases Data collection Diabetes Diabetes Complications - epidemiology Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent) Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - complications Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - epidemiology Global Health Human Physiology Humans Internal Medicine Liver diseases Medicine Medicine & Public Health Metabolic Diseases Mortality Myocardial infarction Neurological diseases Review Reviews Trends |
title | Interpreting global trends in type 2 diabetes complications and mortality |
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