Environmental Remediation Potential of Ferrous Sulfate Waste as an Eco-Friendly Coagulant for the Removal of NH3-N and COD from the Rubber Processing Effluent
The present study was conducted to determine the potential of utilizing the FeSO4·7H2O waste from the titanium manufacturing industry as an effective coagulant for treating industrial effluent. In this study, the secondary rubber processing effluent (SRPE) was treated using ferrous sulfate (FeSO4·7H...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | International journal of environmental research and public health 2021-11, Vol.18 (23), p.12427 |
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| creator | Mohammad Ilias, Muhammad Khalish Hossain, Md. Sohrab Ngteni, Rahmat Al-Gheethi, Adel Ahmad, Harlina Omar, Fatehah Mohd Naushad, Mu Pandey, Sadanand |
| description | The present study was conducted to determine the potential of utilizing the FeSO4·7H2O waste from the titanium manufacturing industry as an effective coagulant for treating industrial effluent. In this study, the secondary rubber processing effluent (SRPE) was treated using ferrous sulfate (FeSO4·7H2O) waste from the titanium oxide manufacturing industry. The FeSO4·7H2O waste coagulation efficiency was evaluated on the elimination of ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) from SRPE. The central composite design (CCD) of experiments was employed to design the coagulation experiments with varying coagulation time, coagulant doses, and temperature. The coagulation experiments were optimized on the optimal elimination of NH3-N and COD using response surface methodology (RSM). Results showed that coagulant doses and temperature significantly influenced NH3-N and COD elimination from SRPE. The highest NH3-N and COD removal obtained were 98.19% and 93.86%, respectively, at the optimized coagulation experimental conditions of coagulation time 70 min, coagulant doses 900 mg/L, and temperature 62 °C. The residual NH3-N and COD in treated SPRE were found below the specified industrial effluent discharge limits set by DoE, Malaysia. Additionally, the sludge generated after coagulation of SRPE contains essential plant nutrients. The present study’s finding showed that FeSO4·7H2O waste generated as an industrial byproduct in a titanium oxide manufacturing industry could be utilized as an eco-friendly coagulant in treating industrial effluent. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/ijerph182312427 |
| format | Article |
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Sohrab ; Ngteni, Rahmat ; Al-Gheethi, Adel ; Ahmad, Harlina ; Omar, Fatehah Mohd ; Naushad, Mu ; Pandey, Sadanand</creator><creatorcontrib>Mohammad Ilias, Muhammad Khalish ; Hossain, Md. Sohrab ; Ngteni, Rahmat ; Al-Gheethi, Adel ; Ahmad, Harlina ; Omar, Fatehah Mohd ; Naushad, Mu ; Pandey, Sadanand</creatorcontrib><description>The present study was conducted to determine the potential of utilizing the FeSO4·7H2O waste from the titanium manufacturing industry as an effective coagulant for treating industrial effluent. In this study, the secondary rubber processing effluent (SRPE) was treated using ferrous sulfate (FeSO4·7H2O) waste from the titanium oxide manufacturing industry. The FeSO4·7H2O waste coagulation efficiency was evaluated on the elimination of ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) from SRPE. The central composite design (CCD) of experiments was employed to design the coagulation experiments with varying coagulation time, coagulant doses, and temperature. The coagulation experiments were optimized on the optimal elimination of NH3-N and COD using response surface methodology (RSM). Results showed that coagulant doses and temperature significantly influenced NH3-N and COD elimination from SRPE. The highest NH3-N and COD removal obtained were 98.19% and 93.86%, respectively, at the optimized coagulation experimental conditions of coagulation time 70 min, coagulant doses 900 mg/L, and temperature 62 °C. The residual NH3-N and COD in treated SPRE were found below the specified industrial effluent discharge limits set by DoE, Malaysia. Additionally, the sludge generated after coagulation of SRPE contains essential plant nutrients. The present study’s finding showed that FeSO4·7H2O waste generated as an industrial byproduct in a titanium oxide manufacturing industry could be utilized as an eco-friendly coagulant in treating industrial effluent.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1660-4601</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1661-7827</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1660-4601</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182312427</identifier><identifier>PMID: 34886153</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Basel: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Ammonia ; By products ; Chemical oxygen demand ; Coagulants ; Coagulation ; Efficiency ; Effluents ; Environmental cleanup ; Environmental restoration ; Experiments ; Ferrous sulfate ; Industrial effluents ; Industrial wastewater ; Iron sulfates ; Manufacturing ; Manufacturing industry ; Methods ; Nitrogen ; Nutrients ; Response surface methodology ; Rubber ; Sedimentation & deposition ; Sludge ; Sulfates ; Sustainability ; Titanium ; Titanium oxides ; Wastewater discharges ; Wastewater treatment ; Water treatment</subject><ispartof>International journal of environmental research and public health, 2021-11, Vol.18 (23), p.12427</ispartof><rights>2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). 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Sohrab</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ngteni, Rahmat</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Al-Gheethi, Adel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ahmad, Harlina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Omar, Fatehah Mohd</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Naushad, Mu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pandey, Sadanand</creatorcontrib><title>Environmental Remediation Potential of Ferrous Sulfate Waste as an Eco-Friendly Coagulant for the Removal of NH3-N and COD from the Rubber Processing Effluent</title><title>International journal of environmental research and public health</title><description>The present study was conducted to determine the potential of utilizing the FeSO4·7H2O waste from the titanium manufacturing industry as an effective coagulant for treating industrial effluent. In this study, the secondary rubber processing effluent (SRPE) was treated using ferrous sulfate (FeSO4·7H2O) waste from the titanium oxide manufacturing industry. The FeSO4·7H2O waste coagulation efficiency was evaluated on the elimination of ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) from SRPE. The central composite design (CCD) of experiments was employed to design the coagulation experiments with varying coagulation time, coagulant doses, and temperature. The coagulation experiments were optimized on the optimal elimination of NH3-N and COD using response surface methodology (RSM). Results showed that coagulant doses and temperature significantly influenced NH3-N and COD elimination from SRPE. The highest NH3-N and COD removal obtained were 98.19% and 93.86%, respectively, at the optimized coagulation experimental conditions of coagulation time 70 min, coagulant doses 900 mg/L, and temperature 62 °C. The residual NH3-N and COD in treated SPRE were found below the specified industrial effluent discharge limits set by DoE, Malaysia. 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Sohrab</au><au>Ngteni, Rahmat</au><au>Al-Gheethi, Adel</au><au>Ahmad, Harlina</au><au>Omar, Fatehah Mohd</au><au>Naushad, Mu</au><au>Pandey, Sadanand</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Environmental Remediation Potential of Ferrous Sulfate Waste as an Eco-Friendly Coagulant for the Removal of NH3-N and COD from the Rubber Processing Effluent</atitle><jtitle>International journal of environmental research and public health</jtitle><date>2021-11-25</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>18</volume><issue>23</issue><spage>12427</spage><pages>12427-</pages><issn>1660-4601</issn><issn>1661-7827</issn><eissn>1660-4601</eissn><abstract>The present study was conducted to determine the potential of utilizing the FeSO4·7H2O waste from the titanium manufacturing industry as an effective coagulant for treating industrial effluent. In this study, the secondary rubber processing effluent (SRPE) was treated using ferrous sulfate (FeSO4·7H2O) waste from the titanium oxide manufacturing industry. The FeSO4·7H2O waste coagulation efficiency was evaluated on the elimination of ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) from SRPE. The central composite design (CCD) of experiments was employed to design the coagulation experiments with varying coagulation time, coagulant doses, and temperature. The coagulation experiments were optimized on the optimal elimination of NH3-N and COD using response surface methodology (RSM). Results showed that coagulant doses and temperature significantly influenced NH3-N and COD elimination from SRPE. The highest NH3-N and COD removal obtained were 98.19% and 93.86%, respectively, at the optimized coagulation experimental conditions of coagulation time 70 min, coagulant doses 900 mg/L, and temperature 62 °C. The residual NH3-N and COD in treated SPRE were found below the specified industrial effluent discharge limits set by DoE, Malaysia. Additionally, the sludge generated after coagulation of SRPE contains essential plant nutrients. The present study’s finding showed that FeSO4·7H2O waste generated as an industrial byproduct in a titanium oxide manufacturing industry could be utilized as an eco-friendly coagulant in treating industrial effluent.</abstract><cop>Basel</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><pmid>34886153</pmid><doi>10.3390/ijerph182312427</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3474-0931</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7257-2954</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2796-841X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6056-587X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6873-2588</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2065-897X</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Ammonia By products Chemical oxygen demand Coagulants Coagulation Efficiency Effluents Environmental cleanup Environmental restoration Experiments Ferrous sulfate Industrial effluents Industrial wastewater Iron sulfates Manufacturing Manufacturing industry Methods Nitrogen Nutrients Response surface methodology Rubber Sedimentation & deposition Sludge Sulfates Sustainability Titanium Titanium oxides Wastewater discharges Wastewater treatment Water treatment |
| title | Environmental Remediation Potential of Ferrous Sulfate Waste as an Eco-Friendly Coagulant for the Removal of NH3-N and COD from the Rubber Processing Effluent |
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