Retrohepatic Caval Leiomyosarcoma Antesitum Resection: A Case Report and a Review of Literature

Leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava (IVC-LMS) is a rare mesenchymal tumor arising from the tunica media. In this report, we describe the antesitum resection without inferior vena cava (IVC) reconstruction of retrohepatic IVC-LMS. To our knowledge, this is the first report of antesitum resection for IVC-LMS from India. A 51-year-old lady presented with features of Budd-Chiari syndrome and abdominal pain. Evaluation showed the tumor arising from IVC extending from above the renal veins and upto the subdiaphragmatic IVC. Blood investigations were normal with a positron emission tomography scan showing no metastatic disease. Antesitum, in situ resection of the IVC-LMS was performed. The patient recovered well postoperatively without renal or hepatic issues. Radical resection of IVC-LMS offers a chance for cure even in locally advanced status. Experience in complex liver resection and liver transplantation has made the resection of such tumors possible and safe.