Social Relationships in Early Life and Episodic Memory in Mid- and Late Life
Abstract Objectives This study examines the longitudinal relationships between retrospective reports of early-life social relationships (i.e., having good friends, parent–child relationship quality, and childhood neighborhood social cohesion) and episodic memory in China. Methods We analyzed 2 waves...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences Psychological sciences and social sciences, 2021-11, Vol.76 (10), p.2121-2130 |
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| container_title | The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences |
| container_volume | 76 |
| creator | Zhang, Zhenmei Xu, Hongwei Li, Lydia W Liu, Jinyu Choi, Seung-won Emily |
| description | Abstract
Objectives
This study examines the longitudinal relationships between retrospective reports of early-life social relationships (i.e., having good friends, parent–child relationship quality, and childhood neighborhood social cohesion) and episodic memory in China.
Methods
We analyzed 2 waves of data (2011 and 2015) from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. The analytical sample included 9,285 respondents aged 45 and older at baseline. A lagged dependent variable approach was used to estimate the associations between measures of early-life social relationships and episodic memory change at the study’s 4-year follow-up.
Results
Retrospective reports of better early-life social relationships are significantly associated with higher levels of episodic memory performance in 2015 among middle-aged and older Chinese, controlling for episodic memory in 2011, childhood socioeconomic status, adulthood sociodemographic variables, and the history of stroke. Educational attainment accounts for a significant portion of the associations between early-life social relationships and episodic memory. In contrast, mental health and social engagement in adulthood account for a small part of these associations.
Discussion
The findings suggest that positive early-life social relationships are beneficial for episodic memory in mid- and late life, and more research is needed to examine the underlying mechanisms. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1093/geronb/gbaa179 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_8599048</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><oup_id>10.1093/geronb/gbaa179</oup_id><sourcerecordid>2452494623</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c424t-f962d84dcd9e7d1a6a083143f99c689986de89f1b871748701d5a552231d3d413</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqFkU1PwzAMhiMEYmNw5Yh6hEO3pEnb5IKEpvEhdULi4xylTboFtU1JWqT9e7J1THDCF1vy49eWXwAuEZwiyPBspaxp8tkqFwKl7AiMURrTMMYJPfY1TFkYQ0RG4My5D-gDpeQUjDCGHkNoDLJXU2hRBS-qEp02jVvr1gW6CRbCVpsg06UKRCODRaudkboIlqo2drMlllqGu14mOrUjz8FJKSqnLvZ5At7vF2_zxzB7fnia32VhQSLShSVLIkmJLCRTqUQiEZBiRHDJWJFQxmgiFWUlymnqz6UpRDIWcRxFGEksCcITcDvotn1eK1moprOi4q3VtbAbboTmfzuNXvOV-eI0ZgwS6gWu9wLWfPbKdbzWrlBVJRplescjEkeEkSTCHp0OaGGNc1aVhzUI8q0FfLCA7y3wA1e_jzvgPz_3wM0AmL79T-wbdVmRpw</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2452494623</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Social Relationships in Early Life and Episodic Memory in Mid- and Late Life</title><source>Oxford University Press Journals All Titles (1996-Current)</source><source>MEDLINE</source><source>EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals</source><source>Alma/SFX Local Collection</source><creator>Zhang, Zhenmei ; Xu, Hongwei ; Li, Lydia W ; Liu, Jinyu ; Choi, Seung-won Emily</creator><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Zhenmei ; Xu, Hongwei ; Li, Lydia W ; Liu, Jinyu ; Choi, Seung-won Emily</creatorcontrib><description>Abstract
Objectives
This study examines the longitudinal relationships between retrospective reports of early-life social relationships (i.e., having good friends, parent–child relationship quality, and childhood neighborhood social cohesion) and episodic memory in China.
Methods
We analyzed 2 waves of data (2011 and 2015) from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. The analytical sample included 9,285 respondents aged 45 and older at baseline. A lagged dependent variable approach was used to estimate the associations between measures of early-life social relationships and episodic memory change at the study’s 4-year follow-up.
Results
Retrospective reports of better early-life social relationships are significantly associated with higher levels of episodic memory performance in 2015 among middle-aged and older Chinese, controlling for episodic memory in 2011, childhood socioeconomic status, adulthood sociodemographic variables, and the history of stroke. Educational attainment accounts for a significant portion of the associations between early-life social relationships and episodic memory. In contrast, mental health and social engagement in adulthood account for a small part of these associations.
Discussion
The findings suggest that positive early-life social relationships are beneficial for episodic memory in mid- and late life, and more research is needed to examine the underlying mechanisms.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1079-5014</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1758-5368</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbaa179</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33075811</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>US: Oxford University Press</publisher><subject>Aged ; China - epidemiology ; Cognition ; Educational Status ; Female ; Friends - psychology ; Humans ; Life Change Events ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; Memory, Episodic ; Mental Health ; Middle Aged ; Parent-Child Relations ; Residence Characteristics ; Social Class ; Social Cohesion ; THE JOURNAL OF GERONTOLOGY: Social Sciences</subject><ispartof>The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences, 2021-11, Vol.76 (10), p.2121-2130</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Gerontological Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com. 2020</rights><rights>The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Gerontological Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c424t-f962d84dcd9e7d1a6a083143f99c689986de89f1b871748701d5a552231d3d413</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c424t-f962d84dcd9e7d1a6a083143f99c689986de89f1b871748701d5a552231d3d413</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-5150-1505 ; 0000-0001-6243-2018</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>230,314,776,780,881,1578,27901,27902</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33075811$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Zhenmei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xu, Hongwei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Lydia W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Jinyu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Choi, Seung-won Emily</creatorcontrib><title>Social Relationships in Early Life and Episodic Memory in Mid- and Late Life</title><title>The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences</title><addtitle>J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci</addtitle><description>Abstract
Objectives
This study examines the longitudinal relationships between retrospective reports of early-life social relationships (i.e., having good friends, parent–child relationship quality, and childhood neighborhood social cohesion) and episodic memory in China.
Methods
We analyzed 2 waves of data (2011 and 2015) from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. The analytical sample included 9,285 respondents aged 45 and older at baseline. A lagged dependent variable approach was used to estimate the associations between measures of early-life social relationships and episodic memory change at the study’s 4-year follow-up.
Results
Retrospective reports of better early-life social relationships are significantly associated with higher levels of episodic memory performance in 2015 among middle-aged and older Chinese, controlling for episodic memory in 2011, childhood socioeconomic status, adulthood sociodemographic variables, and the history of stroke. Educational attainment accounts for a significant portion of the associations between early-life social relationships and episodic memory. In contrast, mental health and social engagement in adulthood account for a small part of these associations.
Discussion
The findings suggest that positive early-life social relationships are beneficial for episodic memory in mid- and late life, and more research is needed to examine the underlying mechanisms.</description><subject>Aged</subject><subject>China - epidemiology</subject><subject>Cognition</subject><subject>Educational Status</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Friends - psychology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Life Change Events</subject><subject>Longitudinal Studies</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Memory, Episodic</subject><subject>Mental Health</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Parent-Child Relations</subject><subject>Residence Characteristics</subject><subject>Social Class</subject><subject>Social Cohesion</subject><subject>THE JOURNAL OF GERONTOLOGY: Social Sciences</subject><issn>1079-5014</issn><issn>1758-5368</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkU1PwzAMhiMEYmNw5Yh6hEO3pEnb5IKEpvEhdULi4xylTboFtU1JWqT9e7J1THDCF1vy49eWXwAuEZwiyPBspaxp8tkqFwKl7AiMURrTMMYJPfY1TFkYQ0RG4My5D-gDpeQUjDCGHkNoDLJXU2hRBS-qEp02jVvr1gW6CRbCVpsg06UKRCODRaudkboIlqo2drMlllqGu14mOrUjz8FJKSqnLvZ5At7vF2_zxzB7fnia32VhQSLShSVLIkmJLCRTqUQiEZBiRHDJWJFQxmgiFWUlymnqz6UpRDIWcRxFGEksCcITcDvotn1eK1moprOi4q3VtbAbboTmfzuNXvOV-eI0ZgwS6gWu9wLWfPbKdbzWrlBVJRplescjEkeEkSTCHp0OaGGNc1aVhzUI8q0FfLCA7y3wA1e_jzvgPz_3wM0AmL79T-wbdVmRpw</recordid><startdate>20211115</startdate><enddate>20211115</enddate><creator>Zhang, Zhenmei</creator><creator>Xu, Hongwei</creator><creator>Li, Lydia W</creator><creator>Liu, Jinyu</creator><creator>Choi, Seung-won Emily</creator><general>Oxford University Press</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5150-1505</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6243-2018</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20211115</creationdate><title>Social Relationships in Early Life and Episodic Memory in Mid- and Late Life</title><author>Zhang, Zhenmei ; Xu, Hongwei ; Li, Lydia W ; Liu, Jinyu ; Choi, Seung-won Emily</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c424t-f962d84dcd9e7d1a6a083143f99c689986de89f1b871748701d5a552231d3d413</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Aged</topic><topic>China - epidemiology</topic><topic>Cognition</topic><topic>Educational Status</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Friends - psychology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Life Change Events</topic><topic>Longitudinal Studies</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Memory, Episodic</topic><topic>Mental Health</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Parent-Child Relations</topic><topic>Residence Characteristics</topic><topic>Social Class</topic><topic>Social Cohesion</topic><topic>THE JOURNAL OF GERONTOLOGY: Social Sciences</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Zhenmei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xu, Hongwei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Lydia W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Jinyu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Choi, Seung-won Emily</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Zhang, Zhenmei</au><au>Xu, Hongwei</au><au>Li, Lydia W</au><au>Liu, Jinyu</au><au>Choi, Seung-won Emily</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Social Relationships in Early Life and Episodic Memory in Mid- and Late Life</atitle><jtitle>The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences</jtitle><addtitle>J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci</addtitle><date>2021-11-15</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>76</volume><issue>10</issue><spage>2121</spage><epage>2130</epage><pages>2121-2130</pages><issn>1079-5014</issn><eissn>1758-5368</eissn><abstract>Abstract
Objectives
This study examines the longitudinal relationships between retrospective reports of early-life social relationships (i.e., having good friends, parent–child relationship quality, and childhood neighborhood social cohesion) and episodic memory in China.
Methods
We analyzed 2 waves of data (2011 and 2015) from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. The analytical sample included 9,285 respondents aged 45 and older at baseline. A lagged dependent variable approach was used to estimate the associations between measures of early-life social relationships and episodic memory change at the study’s 4-year follow-up.
Results
Retrospective reports of better early-life social relationships are significantly associated with higher levels of episodic memory performance in 2015 among middle-aged and older Chinese, controlling for episodic memory in 2011, childhood socioeconomic status, adulthood sociodemographic variables, and the history of stroke. Educational attainment accounts for a significant portion of the associations between early-life social relationships and episodic memory. In contrast, mental health and social engagement in adulthood account for a small part of these associations.
Discussion
The findings suggest that positive early-life social relationships are beneficial for episodic memory in mid- and late life, and more research is needed to examine the underlying mechanisms.</abstract><cop>US</cop><pub>Oxford University Press</pub><pmid>33075811</pmid><doi>10.1093/geronb/gbaa179</doi><tpages>10</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5150-1505</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6243-2018</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | Oxford University Press Journals All Titles (1996-Current); MEDLINE; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; Alma/SFX Local Collection |
| subjects | Aged China - epidemiology Cognition Educational Status Female Friends - psychology Humans Life Change Events Longitudinal Studies Male Memory, Episodic Mental Health Middle Aged Parent-Child Relations Residence Characteristics Social Class Social Cohesion THE JOURNAL OF GERONTOLOGY: Social Sciences |
| title | Social Relationships in Early Life and Episodic Memory in Mid- and Late Life |
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