Socioeconomic and demographic risk factors in COVID-19 hospitalization among immigrants and ethnic minorities
Background Immigrants and ethnic minorities have been shown to be at increased risk of hospitalization from COVID-19. Our aim was to analyse the contribution of socioeconomic and demographic risk factors on hospital admissions for COVID-19 among immigrants and ethnic minorities compared to the major...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | European journal of public health 2022-04, Vol.32 (2), p.302-310 |
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| creator | Islamoska, Sabrina Petersen, Jørgen Holm Benfield, Thomas Norredam, Marie |
| description | Background
Immigrants and ethnic minorities have been shown to be at increased risk of hospitalization from COVID-19. Our aim was to analyse the contribution of socioeconomic and demographic risk factors on hospital admissions for COVID-19 among immigrants and ethnic minorities compared to the majority population.
Methods
We used nationwide register data on all hospitalized COVID-19 cases between February and June 2020 (N = 2232) and random controls from the general population (N = 498 117). We performed logistic regression analyses and adjusted for age, sex, comorbidity, and socioeconomic and demographic factors. The main outcome measure was hospitalization with COVID-19 and was estimated using odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).
Results
Among 2232 COVID-19 cases, the OR of hospitalization with COVID-19 among immigrants and descendants of non-Western origin was 2.5 times higher (95% CI: 2.23–2.89) compared with individuals of Danish origin with most pronounced results among individuals from Iraq, Morocco, Pakistan and Somalia. The OR was largely attributed to comorbidity and socioeconomic factors, especially household size, occupation, and population density.
Conclusion
There is a significantly higher OR of hospitalization with COVID-19 among non-Western immigrants and ethnic minorities compared with ethnic Danes. This knowledge is crucial for health policymakers and practitioners in both the current and future pandemics to identify more vulnerable groups and target prevention initiatives. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1093/eurpub/ckab186 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>gale_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_8586727</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><galeid>A758559405</galeid><oup_id>10.1093/eurpub/ckab186</oup_id><sourcerecordid>A758559405</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c449t-4813dc1de76c326ef24e45a03424fffafaa8f1d810d4b762785ed69dbf4451e83</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqFkk1v1DAQhiMEoqVw5YgicYFDWtuxHeeCVC1flSr1wIe4WV5nvDttbKd2ggS_HpddqoIqIR_ssZ95rZl5q-o5JceU9O0JLGla1if2yqypkg-qQ8olb1pJvj0sZ0poQ5lkB9WTnC8JIaJT7HF10PKOKsHYYeU_RYsRbAzRo61NGOoBfNwkM21LnDBf1c7YOaZcY6hXF1_P3ja0r7cxTzibEX-aGWOojY9hU6P3WFLDnH8rwbwNRcRjiAlnhPy0euTMmOHZfj-qvrx_93n1sTm_-HC2Oj1vLOf93HBF28HSATppWybBMQ5cGNJyxp1zxhmjHB0UJQNfd5J1SsAg-2HtOBcUVHtUvdnplt54GCyEOZlRTwm9ST90NKj_fgm41Zv4XSuhZMe6IvBqL5Di9QJ51h6zhXE0AeKSNRM9ZaXhjBT05T_oZVxSKOVpJnknGO3vUhszgsbgYvnX3ojq004oIXpORKGO76HKKjPBMiNwWO7vS7Ap5pzA3dZIib4xiN4ZRO8NUhJe3O3MLf7HEQV4vQPiMv1P7Bft7shE</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2647521920</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Socioeconomic and demographic risk factors in COVID-19 hospitalization among immigrants and ethnic minorities</title><source>Oxford Journals Open Access Collection</source><source>MEDLINE</source><source>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</source><source>PAIS Index</source><source>Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals</source><source>PubMed Central</source><source>Alma/SFX Local Collection</source><creator>Islamoska, Sabrina ; Petersen, Jørgen Holm ; Benfield, Thomas ; Norredam, Marie</creator><creatorcontrib>Islamoska, Sabrina ; Petersen, Jørgen Holm ; Benfield, Thomas ; Norredam, Marie</creatorcontrib><description>Background
Immigrants and ethnic minorities have been shown to be at increased risk of hospitalization from COVID-19. Our aim was to analyse the contribution of socioeconomic and demographic risk factors on hospital admissions for COVID-19 among immigrants and ethnic minorities compared to the majority population.
Methods
We used nationwide register data on all hospitalized COVID-19 cases between February and June 2020 (N = 2232) and random controls from the general population (N = 498 117). We performed logistic regression analyses and adjusted for age, sex, comorbidity, and socioeconomic and demographic factors. The main outcome measure was hospitalization with COVID-19 and was estimated using odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).
Results
Among 2232 COVID-19 cases, the OR of hospitalization with COVID-19 among immigrants and descendants of non-Western origin was 2.5 times higher (95% CI: 2.23–2.89) compared with individuals of Danish origin with most pronounced results among individuals from Iraq, Morocco, Pakistan and Somalia. The OR was largely attributed to comorbidity and socioeconomic factors, especially household size, occupation, and population density.
Conclusion
There is a significantly higher OR of hospitalization with COVID-19 among non-Western immigrants and ethnic minorities compared with ethnic Danes. This knowledge is crucial for health policymakers and practitioners in both the current and future pandemics to identify more vulnerable groups and target prevention initiatives.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1101-1262</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1464-360X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckab186</identifier><identifier>PMID: 34718522</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Oxford University Press</publisher><subject>At risk populations ; Care and treatment ; Comorbidity ; Confidence intervals ; Coronaviruses ; COVID-19 ; Demographics ; Diagnosis ; Economic aspects ; Emigrants and Immigrants ; Ethnic and Racial Minorities ; Ethnic factors ; Ethnicity ; Health aspects ; Hospital care ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Immigrants ; Minorities ; Minority & ethnic groups ; Minority groups ; Pandemics ; Policy making ; Population density ; Prevention ; Public health ; Regression analysis ; Risk analysis ; Risk Factors ; Social aspects ; Social factors ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Socioeconomics ; Statistical analysis</subject><ispartof>European journal of public health, 2022-04, Vol.32 (2), p.302-310</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Public Health Association. 2021</rights><rights>The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Public Health Association. All rights reserved.</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2022 Oxford University Press</rights><rights>The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Public Health Association.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c449t-4813dc1de76c326ef24e45a03424fffafaa8f1d810d4b762785ed69dbf4451e83</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c449t-4813dc1de76c326ef24e45a03424fffafaa8f1d810d4b762785ed69dbf4451e83</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8586727/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8586727/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,1598,27843,27901,27902,53766,53768</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34718522$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Islamoska, Sabrina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Petersen, Jørgen Holm</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Benfield, Thomas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Norredam, Marie</creatorcontrib><title>Socioeconomic and demographic risk factors in COVID-19 hospitalization among immigrants and ethnic minorities</title><title>European journal of public health</title><addtitle>Eur J Public Health</addtitle><description>Background
Immigrants and ethnic minorities have been shown to be at increased risk of hospitalization from COVID-19. Our aim was to analyse the contribution of socioeconomic and demographic risk factors on hospital admissions for COVID-19 among immigrants and ethnic minorities compared to the majority population.
Methods
We used nationwide register data on all hospitalized COVID-19 cases between February and June 2020 (N = 2232) and random controls from the general population (N = 498 117). We performed logistic regression analyses and adjusted for age, sex, comorbidity, and socioeconomic and demographic factors. The main outcome measure was hospitalization with COVID-19 and was estimated using odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).
Results
Among 2232 COVID-19 cases, the OR of hospitalization with COVID-19 among immigrants and descendants of non-Western origin was 2.5 times higher (95% CI: 2.23–2.89) compared with individuals of Danish origin with most pronounced results among individuals from Iraq, Morocco, Pakistan and Somalia. The OR was largely attributed to comorbidity and socioeconomic factors, especially household size, occupation, and population density.
Conclusion
There is a significantly higher OR of hospitalization with COVID-19 among non-Western immigrants and ethnic minorities compared with ethnic Danes. This knowledge is crucial for health policymakers and practitioners in both the current and future pandemics to identify more vulnerable groups and target prevention initiatives.</description><subject>At risk populations</subject><subject>Care and treatment</subject><subject>Comorbidity</subject><subject>Confidence intervals</subject><subject>Coronaviruses</subject><subject>COVID-19</subject><subject>Demographics</subject><subject>Diagnosis</subject><subject>Economic aspects</subject><subject>Emigrants and Immigrants</subject><subject>Ethnic and Racial Minorities</subject><subject>Ethnic factors</subject><subject>Ethnicity</subject><subject>Health aspects</subject><subject>Hospital care</subject><subject>Hospitalization</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Immigrants</subject><subject>Minorities</subject><subject>Minority & ethnic groups</subject><subject>Minority groups</subject><subject>Pandemics</subject><subject>Policy making</subject><subject>Population density</subject><subject>Prevention</subject><subject>Public health</subject><subject>Regression analysis</subject><subject>Risk analysis</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>Social aspects</subject><subject>Social factors</subject><subject>Socioeconomic Factors</subject><subject>Socioeconomics</subject><subject>Statistical analysis</subject><issn>1101-1262</issn><issn>1464-360X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>TOX</sourceid><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>7TQ</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkk1v1DAQhiMEoqVw5YgicYFDWtuxHeeCVC1flSr1wIe4WV5nvDttbKd2ggS_HpddqoIqIR_ssZ95rZl5q-o5JceU9O0JLGla1if2yqypkg-qQ8olb1pJvj0sZ0poQ5lkB9WTnC8JIaJT7HF10PKOKsHYYeU_RYsRbAzRo61NGOoBfNwkM21LnDBf1c7YOaZcY6hXF1_P3ja0r7cxTzibEX-aGWOojY9hU6P3WFLDnH8rwbwNRcRjiAlnhPy0euTMmOHZfj-qvrx_93n1sTm_-HC2Oj1vLOf93HBF28HSATppWybBMQ5cGNJyxp1zxhmjHB0UJQNfd5J1SsAg-2HtOBcUVHtUvdnplt54GCyEOZlRTwm9ST90NKj_fgm41Zv4XSuhZMe6IvBqL5Di9QJ51h6zhXE0AeKSNRM9ZaXhjBT05T_oZVxSKOVpJnknGO3vUhszgsbgYvnX3ojq004oIXpORKGO76HKKjPBMiNwWO7vS7Ap5pzA3dZIib4xiN4ZRO8NUhJe3O3MLf7HEQV4vQPiMv1P7Bft7shE</recordid><startdate>20220401</startdate><enddate>20220401</enddate><creator>Islamoska, Sabrina</creator><creator>Petersen, Jørgen Holm</creator><creator>Benfield, Thomas</creator><creator>Norredam, Marie</creator><general>Oxford University Press</general><general>Oxford Publishing Limited (England)</general><scope>TOX</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7T2</scope><scope>7TQ</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>DHY</scope><scope>DON</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20220401</creationdate><title>Socioeconomic and demographic risk factors in COVID-19 hospitalization among immigrants and ethnic minorities</title><author>Islamoska, Sabrina ; Petersen, Jørgen Holm ; Benfield, Thomas ; Norredam, Marie</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c449t-4813dc1de76c326ef24e45a03424fffafaa8f1d810d4b762785ed69dbf4451e83</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>At risk populations</topic><topic>Care and treatment</topic><topic>Comorbidity</topic><topic>Confidence intervals</topic><topic>Coronaviruses</topic><topic>COVID-19</topic><topic>Demographics</topic><topic>Diagnosis</topic><topic>Economic aspects</topic><topic>Emigrants and Immigrants</topic><topic>Ethnic and Racial Minorities</topic><topic>Ethnic factors</topic><topic>Ethnicity</topic><topic>Health aspects</topic><topic>Hospital care</topic><topic>Hospitalization</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Immigrants</topic><topic>Minorities</topic><topic>Minority & ethnic groups</topic><topic>Minority groups</topic><topic>Pandemics</topic><topic>Policy making</topic><topic>Population density</topic><topic>Prevention</topic><topic>Public health</topic><topic>Regression analysis</topic><topic>Risk analysis</topic><topic>Risk Factors</topic><topic>Social aspects</topic><topic>Social factors</topic><topic>Socioeconomic Factors</topic><topic>Socioeconomics</topic><topic>Statistical analysis</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Islamoska, Sabrina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Petersen, Jørgen Holm</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Benfield, Thomas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Norredam, Marie</creatorcontrib><collection>Oxford Journals Open Access Collection</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Health and Safety Science Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>PAIS Index</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>PAIS International</collection><collection>PAIS International (Ovid)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>European journal of public health</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Islamoska, Sabrina</au><au>Petersen, Jørgen Holm</au><au>Benfield, Thomas</au><au>Norredam, Marie</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Socioeconomic and demographic risk factors in COVID-19 hospitalization among immigrants and ethnic minorities</atitle><jtitle>European journal of public health</jtitle><addtitle>Eur J Public Health</addtitle><date>2022-04-01</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>32</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>302</spage><epage>310</epage><pages>302-310</pages><issn>1101-1262</issn><eissn>1464-360X</eissn><abstract>Background
Immigrants and ethnic minorities have been shown to be at increased risk of hospitalization from COVID-19. Our aim was to analyse the contribution of socioeconomic and demographic risk factors on hospital admissions for COVID-19 among immigrants and ethnic minorities compared to the majority population.
Methods
We used nationwide register data on all hospitalized COVID-19 cases between February and June 2020 (N = 2232) and random controls from the general population (N = 498 117). We performed logistic regression analyses and adjusted for age, sex, comorbidity, and socioeconomic and demographic factors. The main outcome measure was hospitalization with COVID-19 and was estimated using odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).
Results
Among 2232 COVID-19 cases, the OR of hospitalization with COVID-19 among immigrants and descendants of non-Western origin was 2.5 times higher (95% CI: 2.23–2.89) compared with individuals of Danish origin with most pronounced results among individuals from Iraq, Morocco, Pakistan and Somalia. The OR was largely attributed to comorbidity and socioeconomic factors, especially household size, occupation, and population density.
Conclusion
There is a significantly higher OR of hospitalization with COVID-19 among non-Western immigrants and ethnic minorities compared with ethnic Danes. This knowledge is crucial for health policymakers and practitioners in both the current and future pandemics to identify more vulnerable groups and target prevention initiatives.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Oxford University Press</pub><pmid>34718522</pmid><doi>10.1093/eurpub/ckab186</doi><tpages>9</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | European journal of public health, 2022-04, Vol.32 (2), p.302-310 |
| issn | 1101-1262 1464-360X |
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| subjects | At risk populations Care and treatment Comorbidity Confidence intervals Coronaviruses COVID-19 Demographics Diagnosis Economic aspects Emigrants and Immigrants Ethnic and Racial Minorities Ethnic factors Ethnicity Health aspects Hospital care Hospitalization Humans Immigrants Minorities Minority & ethnic groups Minority groups Pandemics Policy making Population density Prevention Public health Regression analysis Risk analysis Risk Factors Social aspects Social factors Socioeconomic Factors Socioeconomics Statistical analysis |
| title | Socioeconomic and demographic risk factors in COVID-19 hospitalization among immigrants and ethnic minorities |
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