Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma: A Summative Review of Biomarkers and Targeted Therapies

Although rare, intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is the second most common primary hepatic malignancy and the incidence of ICC has increased 14% per year in recent decades. Treatment of ICC remains difficult as most people present with advanced disease not amenable to curative-intent surgical re...

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Veröffentlicht in:Cancers 2021-10, Vol.13 (20), p.5169
Hauptverfasser: Acher, Alexandra W., Paro, Alessandro, Elfadaly, Ahmed, Tsilimigras, Diamantis, Pawlik, Timothy M.
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container_issue 20
container_start_page 5169
container_title Cancers
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creator Acher, Alexandra W.
Paro, Alessandro
Elfadaly, Ahmed
Tsilimigras, Diamantis
Pawlik, Timothy M.
description Although rare, intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is the second most common primary hepatic malignancy and the incidence of ICC has increased 14% per year in recent decades. Treatment of ICC remains difficult as most people present with advanced disease not amenable to curative-intent surgical resection. Even among patients with operable disease, margin-negative surgical resection can be difficult to achieve and the incidence of recurrence remains high. As such, there has been considerable interest in systemic chemotherapy and targeted therapy for ICC. Over the last decade, the understanding of the molecular and genetic foundations of ICC has reshaped treatment approaches and strategies. Next-generation sequencing has revealed that most ICC tumors have at least one targetable mutation. These advancements have led to multiple clinical trials to examine the safety and efficacy of novel therapeutics that target tumor-specific molecular and genetic aberrations. While these advancements have demonstrated survival benefit in early phase clinical trials, continued investigation in randomized larger-scale trials is needed to further define the potential clinical impact of such therapy.
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source Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; PubMed Central Open Access; MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute; PubMed Central
subjects Apoptosis
Cancer therapies
Chemotherapy
Cholangiocarcinoma
Cholangitis
Clinical trials
Cytokines
Epidermal growth factor
Gene expression
Hepatitis
Infections
Inflammation
Kinases
Liver diseases
Lymphatic system
Malignancy
Medical prognosis
Metastasis
Mutation
Next-generation sequencing
Pathogenesis
Patients
Review
Stem cells
Tumors
title Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma: A Summative Review of Biomarkers and Targeted Therapies
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