A historical review of multiple system atrophy with a critical appraisal of cellular and animal models

Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by striatonigral degeneration (SND), olivopontocerebellar atrophy (OPCA), and dysautonomia with cerebellar ataxia or parkinsonian motor features. Isolated autonomic dysfunction with predominant genitourinary dysf...

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Veröffentlicht in:Journal of Neural Transmission 2021-10, Vol.128 (10), p.1507-1527
Hauptverfasser: Marmion, David J., Peelaerts, Wouter, Kordower, Jeffrey H.
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creator Marmion, David J.
Peelaerts, Wouter
Kordower, Jeffrey H.
description Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by striatonigral degeneration (SND), olivopontocerebellar atrophy (OPCA), and dysautonomia with cerebellar ataxia or parkinsonian motor features. Isolated autonomic dysfunction with predominant genitourinary dysfunction and orthostatic hypotension and REM sleep behavior disorder are common characteristics of a prodromal phase, which may occur years prior to motor-symptom onset. MSA is a unique synucleinopathy, in which alpha-synuclein (aSyn) accumulates and forms insoluble inclusions in the cytoplasm of oligodendrocytes, termed glial cytoplasmic inclusions (GCIs). The origin of, and precise mechanism by which aSyn accumulates in MSA are unknown, and, therefore, disease-modifying therapies to halt or slow the progression of MSA are currently unavailable. For these reasons, much focus in the field is concerned with deciphering the complex neuropathological mechanisms by which MSA begins and progresses through the course of the disease. This review focuses on the history, etiopathogenesis, neuropathology, as well as cell and animal models of MSA.
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subjects alpha-Synuclein
Animals
Inclusion Bodies
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Models, Animal
Multiple System Atrophy - pathology
Nerve Degeneration - pathology
Neurology
Neurology and Preclinical Neurological Studies - Review
Neurology and Preclinical Neurological Studies - Review Article
Neurosciences
Psychiatry
title A historical review of multiple system atrophy with a critical appraisal of cellular and animal models
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