Vaginal discharge during pregnancy and associated adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes
To observe the effects of vaginal discharge during pregnancy on maternal and fetal outcomes. This observational study was undertaken form June 2018 to 31 May 2019 period in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences hospital Jamshoro Unit IV. Da...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Pakistan journal of medical sciences 2021-10, Vol.37 (5), p.1302-1308 |
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| creator | Khaskheli, Meharunnissa Baloch, Shahla Baloch, Aneela Sheeba Shah, Syed Ghulam Sarwar |
| description | To observe the effects of vaginal discharge during pregnancy on maternal and fetal outcomes.
This observational study was undertaken form June 2018 to 31 May 2019 period in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences hospital Jamshoro Unit IV. Data were collected from a convenience sample of 85 pregnant women. All the pregnant women with vaginal discharge were included in the study, while the women with bleeding and other medical disorders during pregnancy were excluded. Data was analyzed.
Women's mean age as 27.4 (±4.7) years and most were 28-35 weeks pregnant (n=29, 34%) and primigravida (n=35, 41%). Seventy six women (89%) presented with vaginal discharge while nine women (11%) reported no vaginal discharge. Of those with vaginal discharge,53 women (69.7%) had vaginal infections: bacterial vaginosis (n=21, 39.6%), vaginal candidiasis (n=17, 32.1%) and vaginal trichomoniasis (n=15, 28.3%). Pathological vaginal discharge (PVD) was associated with vaginal irritation (n=30, p |
| doi_str_mv | 10.12669/pjms.37.5.4187 |
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This observational study was undertaken form June 2018 to 31 May 2019 period in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences hospital Jamshoro Unit IV. Data were collected from a convenience sample of 85 pregnant women. All the pregnant women with vaginal discharge were included in the study, while the women with bleeding and other medical disorders during pregnancy were excluded. Data was analyzed.
Women's mean age as 27.4 (±4.7) years and most were 28-35 weeks pregnant (n=29, 34%) and primigravida (n=35, 41%). Seventy six women (89%) presented with vaginal discharge while nine women (11%) reported no vaginal discharge. Of those with vaginal discharge,53 women (69.7%) had vaginal infections: bacterial vaginosis (n=21, 39.6%), vaginal candidiasis (n=17, 32.1%) and vaginal trichomoniasis (n=15, 28.3%). Pathological vaginal discharge (PVD) was associated with vaginal irritation (n=30, p<0.0001), vaginal pain (n=50, p<0.0001), fever (n=12, p=0.015), uterine contractions (n=31, p<0.0001), premature membrane rupture (n=29, p<0.0001), abortion (n=13, p=0.009), pre-term delivery (n=24, p<0.0001) and post-partum endometritis (n=19, p=0.0006). PVD was associated with neonatal outcomes i.e. low birth weight (n=24, p<0.0001), low Apgar score at birth (n=22, p=0.0001), neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (n=21, p=0.0002), neonatal intensive care hospitalisation (n=20, p=0.002) and early neonatal death (n=16, p=0.003).
Pathological vaginal discharge (PVD) during pregnancy is more frequent and is associated with adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes.]]></description><identifier>ISSN: 1682-024X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1681-715X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.12669/pjms.37.5.4187</identifier><identifier>PMID: 34475902</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Pakistan: Knowledge Bylanes</publisher><subject>Abortion ; Acquired immune deficiency syndrome ; AIDS ; Antifungal agents ; Apgar score ; Asymptomatic ; Birth weight ; Cervix ; Childbirth & labor ; HIV ; Human immunodeficiency virus ; Infections ; Laboratories ; Original ; Physiological aspects ; Physiology ; Pregnancy ; Pregnant women ; Vagina ; Vaginal diseases ; Womens health</subject><ispartof>Pakistan journal of medical sciences, 2021-10, Vol.37 (5), p.1302-1308</ispartof><rights>Copyright: © Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences.</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2021 Knowledge Bylanes</rights><rights>(c)2021 Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences</rights><rights>Copyright: © Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences 2021</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c478t-7efda180ff587d2722ad639f8875f03f96b43bfcf0b16d3b4ec07f3c83adaed73</citedby><orcidid>0000-0002-6054-294X ; 0000-0001-5660-6640</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8377920/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8377920/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,864,885,27923,27924,53790,53792</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34475902$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Khaskheli, Meharunnissa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Baloch, Shahla</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Baloch, Aneela Sheeba</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shah, Syed Ghulam Sarwar</creatorcontrib><title>Vaginal discharge during pregnancy and associated adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes</title><title>Pakistan journal of medical sciences</title><addtitle>Pak J Med Sci</addtitle><description><![CDATA[To observe the effects of vaginal discharge during pregnancy on maternal and fetal outcomes.
This observational study was undertaken form June 2018 to 31 May 2019 period in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences hospital Jamshoro Unit IV. Data were collected from a convenience sample of 85 pregnant women. All the pregnant women with vaginal discharge were included in the study, while the women with bleeding and other medical disorders during pregnancy were excluded. Data was analyzed.
Women's mean age as 27.4 (±4.7) years and most were 28-35 weeks pregnant (n=29, 34%) and primigravida (n=35, 41%). Seventy six women (89%) presented with vaginal discharge while nine women (11%) reported no vaginal discharge. Of those with vaginal discharge,53 women (69.7%) had vaginal infections: bacterial vaginosis (n=21, 39.6%), vaginal candidiasis (n=17, 32.1%) and vaginal trichomoniasis (n=15, 28.3%). Pathological vaginal discharge (PVD) was associated with vaginal irritation (n=30, p<0.0001), vaginal pain (n=50, p<0.0001), fever (n=12, p=0.015), uterine contractions (n=31, p<0.0001), premature membrane rupture (n=29, p<0.0001), abortion (n=13, p=0.009), pre-term delivery (n=24, p<0.0001) and post-partum endometritis (n=19, p=0.0006). PVD was associated with neonatal outcomes i.e. low birth weight (n=24, p<0.0001), low Apgar score at birth (n=22, p=0.0001), neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (n=21, p=0.0002), neonatal intensive care hospitalisation (n=20, p=0.002) and early neonatal death (n=16, p=0.003).
Pathological vaginal discharge (PVD) during pregnancy is more frequent and is associated with adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes.]]></description><subject>Abortion</subject><subject>Acquired immune deficiency syndrome</subject><subject>AIDS</subject><subject>Antifungal agents</subject><subject>Apgar score</subject><subject>Asymptomatic</subject><subject>Birth weight</subject><subject>Cervix</subject><subject>Childbirth & labor</subject><subject>HIV</subject><subject>Human immunodeficiency virus</subject><subject>Infections</subject><subject>Laboratories</subject><subject>Original</subject><subject>Physiological aspects</subject><subject>Physiology</subject><subject>Pregnancy</subject><subject>Pregnant women</subject><subject>Vagina</subject><subject>Vaginal diseases</subject><subject>Womens health</subject><issn>1682-024X</issn><issn>1681-715X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><recordid>eNptkt1r1jAUxosobk6vvZOCMLxplzRpkt4IY_gFA29U5lVIk5O-eWmTmrSD_fem25x7RXKRc3J-zwk8PEXxGqMaN4x1Z_N-SjXhdVtTLPiT4hgzgSuO26unt3VToYZeHRUvUtojRBltm-fFEaGUtx1qjoufP9TgvBpL45LeqThAadbo_FDOEQavvL4plTelSilopxbIpbmGmKCcchc36TafIYvUkruwLjpMkF4Wz6waE7y6v0-K7x8_fLv4XF1-_fTl4vyy0pSLpeJgjcICWdsKbhreNMow0lkheGsRsR3rKemttqjHzJCegkbcEi2IMgoMJyfF-7u989pPYDT4JapRztFNKt7IoJw8nHi3k0O4loJw3jUoL3h3vyCGXyukRU7ZCxhH5SGsSTYt6winjIuMvv0H3Yd18yBTjHOCBO7oX2pQI0jnbcj_6m2pPGe844i1dKPq_1D5GJicDh6sy-8HgtNHgh2ocdmlMK6LCz4dgmd3oI4hpQj2wQyM5G1s5BYbSbhs5RabrHjz2MMH_k9OyG8CGL93</recordid><startdate>20211031</startdate><enddate>20211031</enddate><creator>Khaskheli, Meharunnissa</creator><creator>Baloch, Shahla</creator><creator>Baloch, Aneela Sheeba</creator><creator>Shah, Syed Ghulam Sarwar</creator><general>Knowledge Bylanes</general><general>AsiaNet Pakistan (Pvt) Ltd</general><general>Professional Medical Publications</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6054-294X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5660-6640</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20211031</creationdate><title>Vaginal discharge during pregnancy and associated adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes</title><author>Khaskheli, Meharunnissa ; Baloch, Shahla ; Baloch, Aneela Sheeba ; Shah, Syed Ghulam Sarwar</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c478t-7efda180ff587d2722ad639f8875f03f96b43bfcf0b16d3b4ec07f3c83adaed73</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Abortion</topic><topic>Acquired immune deficiency syndrome</topic><topic>AIDS</topic><topic>Antifungal agents</topic><topic>Apgar score</topic><topic>Asymptomatic</topic><topic>Birth weight</topic><topic>Cervix</topic><topic>Childbirth & labor</topic><topic>HIV</topic><topic>Human immunodeficiency virus</topic><topic>Infections</topic><topic>Laboratories</topic><topic>Original</topic><topic>Physiological aspects</topic><topic>Physiology</topic><topic>Pregnancy</topic><topic>Pregnant women</topic><topic>Vagina</topic><topic>Vaginal diseases</topic><topic>Womens health</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Khaskheli, Meharunnissa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Baloch, Shahla</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Baloch, Aneela Sheeba</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shah, Syed Ghulam Sarwar</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Pakistan journal of medical sciences</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Khaskheli, Meharunnissa</au><au>Baloch, Shahla</au><au>Baloch, Aneela Sheeba</au><au>Shah, Syed Ghulam Sarwar</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Vaginal discharge during pregnancy and associated adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes</atitle><jtitle>Pakistan journal of medical sciences</jtitle><addtitle>Pak J Med Sci</addtitle><date>2021-10-31</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>37</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>1302</spage><epage>1308</epage><pages>1302-1308</pages><issn>1682-024X</issn><eissn>1681-715X</eissn><abstract><![CDATA[To observe the effects of vaginal discharge during pregnancy on maternal and fetal outcomes.
This observational study was undertaken form June 2018 to 31 May 2019 period in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences hospital Jamshoro Unit IV. Data were collected from a convenience sample of 85 pregnant women. All the pregnant women with vaginal discharge were included in the study, while the women with bleeding and other medical disorders during pregnancy were excluded. Data was analyzed.
Women's mean age as 27.4 (±4.7) years and most were 28-35 weeks pregnant (n=29, 34%) and primigravida (n=35, 41%). Seventy six women (89%) presented with vaginal discharge while nine women (11%) reported no vaginal discharge. Of those with vaginal discharge,53 women (69.7%) had vaginal infections: bacterial vaginosis (n=21, 39.6%), vaginal candidiasis (n=17, 32.1%) and vaginal trichomoniasis (n=15, 28.3%). Pathological vaginal discharge (PVD) was associated with vaginal irritation (n=30, p<0.0001), vaginal pain (n=50, p<0.0001), fever (n=12, p=0.015), uterine contractions (n=31, p<0.0001), premature membrane rupture (n=29, p<0.0001), abortion (n=13, p=0.009), pre-term delivery (n=24, p<0.0001) and post-partum endometritis (n=19, p=0.0006). PVD was associated with neonatal outcomes i.e. low birth weight (n=24, p<0.0001), low Apgar score at birth (n=22, p=0.0001), neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (n=21, p=0.0002), neonatal intensive care hospitalisation (n=20, p=0.002) and early neonatal death (n=16, p=0.003).
Pathological vaginal discharge (PVD) during pregnancy is more frequent and is associated with adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes.]]></abstract><cop>Pakistan</cop><pub>Knowledge Bylanes</pub><pmid>34475902</pmid><doi>10.12669/pjms.37.5.4187</doi><tpages>7</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6054-294X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5660-6640</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; PubMed Central Open Access; PubMed Central; Alma/SFX Local Collection |
| subjects | Abortion Acquired immune deficiency syndrome AIDS Antifungal agents Apgar score Asymptomatic Birth weight Cervix Childbirth & labor HIV Human immunodeficiency virus Infections Laboratories Original Physiological aspects Physiology Pregnancy Pregnant women Vagina Vaginal diseases Womens health |
| title | Vaginal discharge during pregnancy and associated adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes |
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