University students and staff able to maintain low daily contact numbers during various COVID-19 guideline periods
UK universities re-opened in September 2020, amidst the coronavirus epidemic. During the first term, various national social distancing measures were introduced, including banning groups of >6 people and the second lockdown in November; however, outbreaks among university students occurred. We ai...
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creator | Trickey, Adam Nixon, Emily Christensen, Hannah Finn, Adam Thomas, Amy Relton, Caroline Montgomery, Clara Hemani, Gibran Metz, Jane Walker, Josephine G. Turner, Katy Kwiatkowska, Rachel Sauchelli, Sarah Danon, Leon Brooks-Pollock, Ellen |
description | UK universities re-opened in September 2020, amidst the coronavirus epidemic. During the first term, various national social distancing measures were introduced, including banning groups of >6 people and the second lockdown in November; however, outbreaks among university students occurred. We aimed to measure the University of Bristol staff and student contact patterns via an online, longitudinal survey capturing self-reported contacts on the previous day. We investigated the change in contacts associated with COVID-19 guidance periods: post-first lockdown (23/06/2020–03/07/2020), relaxed guidance period (04/07/2020–13/09/2020), ‘rule-of-six’ period (14/09/2020–04/11/2020) and the second lockdown (05/11/2020–25/11/2020). In total, 722 staff (4199 responses) and 738 students (1906 responses) were included in the study. For staff, daily contacts were higher in the relaxed guidance and ‘rule-of-six’ periods than the post-first lockdown and second lockdown. Mean student contacts dropped between the ‘rule-of-six’ and second lockdown periods. For both staff and students, the proportion meeting with groups larger than six dropped between the ‘rule-of-six’ period and the second lockdown period, although was higher for students than for staff. Our results suggest university staff and students responded to national guidance by altering their social contacts. Most contacts during the second lockdown were household contacts. The response in staff and students was similar, suggesting that students can adhere to social distancing guidance while at university. The number of contacts recorded for both staff and students were much lower than those recorded by previous surveys in the UK conducted before the COVID-19 pandemic. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1017/S0950268821001618 |
format | Article |
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During the first term, various national social distancing measures were introduced, including banning groups of >6 people and the second lockdown in November; however, outbreaks among university students occurred. We aimed to measure the University of Bristol staff and student contact patterns via an online, longitudinal survey capturing self-reported contacts on the previous day. We investigated the change in contacts associated with COVID-19 guidance periods: post-first lockdown (23/06/2020–03/07/2020), relaxed guidance period (04/07/2020–13/09/2020), ‘rule-of-six’ period (14/09/2020–04/11/2020) and the second lockdown (05/11/2020–25/11/2020). In total, 722 staff (4199 responses) and 738 students (1906 responses) were included in the study. For staff, daily contacts were higher in the relaxed guidance and ‘rule-of-six’ periods than the post-first lockdown and second lockdown. Mean student contacts dropped between the ‘rule-of-six’ and second lockdown periods. For both staff and students, the proportion meeting with groups larger than six dropped between the ‘rule-of-six’ period and the second lockdown period, although was higher for students than for staff. Our results suggest university staff and students responded to national guidance by altering their social contacts. Most contacts during the second lockdown were household contacts. The response in staff and students was similar, suggesting that students can adhere to social distancing guidance while at university. The number of contacts recorded for both staff and students were much lower than those recorded by previous surveys in the UK conducted before the COVID-19 pandemic.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0950-2688</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1469-4409</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1017/S0950268821001618</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press</publisher><subject>Colleges & universities ; Coronaviruses ; COVID-19 ; Disease control ; Disease transmission ; Epidemics ; Households ; Online instruction ; Original Paper ; Pandemics ; Polls & surveys ; Public transportation ; Questionnaires ; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ; Students ; University students ; Viral diseases</subject><ispartof>Epidemiology and infection, 2021, Vol.149, Article e169</ispartof><rights>Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press</rights><rights>Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>The Author(s) 2021 2021 The Author(s)</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c394t-f0f70b870d0246a3831867152bf3282ea7209885ce60c3a60decd9aa6bdbec693</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-3462-2898</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8365047/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0950268821001618/type/journal_article$$EHTML$$P50$$Gcambridge$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,864,885,4024,23318,27923,27924,27925,53791,53793,55804</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Trickey, Adam</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nixon, Emily</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Christensen, Hannah</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Finn, Adam</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Thomas, Amy</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Relton, Caroline</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Montgomery, Clara</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hemani, Gibran</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Metz, Jane</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Walker, Josephine G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Turner, Katy</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kwiatkowska, Rachel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sauchelli, Sarah</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Danon, Leon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brooks-Pollock, Ellen</creatorcontrib><title>University students and staff able to maintain low daily contact numbers during various COVID-19 guideline periods</title><title>Epidemiology and infection</title><addtitle>Epidemiol. Infect</addtitle><description>UK universities re-opened in September 2020, amidst the coronavirus epidemic. During the first term, various national social distancing measures were introduced, including banning groups of >6 people and the second lockdown in November; however, outbreaks among university students occurred. We aimed to measure the University of Bristol staff and student contact patterns via an online, longitudinal survey capturing self-reported contacts on the previous day. We investigated the change in contacts associated with COVID-19 guidance periods: post-first lockdown (23/06/2020–03/07/2020), relaxed guidance period (04/07/2020–13/09/2020), ‘rule-of-six’ period (14/09/2020–04/11/2020) and the second lockdown (05/11/2020–25/11/2020). In total, 722 staff (4199 responses) and 738 students (1906 responses) were included in the study. For staff, daily contacts were higher in the relaxed guidance and ‘rule-of-six’ periods than the post-first lockdown and second lockdown. Mean student contacts dropped between the ‘rule-of-six’ and second lockdown periods. For both staff and students, the proportion meeting with groups larger than six dropped between the ‘rule-of-six’ period and the second lockdown period, although was higher for students than for staff. Our results suggest university staff and students responded to national guidance by altering their social contacts. Most contacts during the second lockdown were household contacts. The response in staff and students was similar, suggesting that students can adhere to social distancing guidance while at university. The number of contacts recorded for both staff and students were much lower than those recorded by previous surveys in the UK conducted before the COVID-19 pandemic.</description><subject>Colleges & universities</subject><subject>Coronaviruses</subject><subject>COVID-19</subject><subject>Disease control</subject><subject>Disease transmission</subject><subject>Epidemics</subject><subject>Households</subject><subject>Online instruction</subject><subject>Original Paper</subject><subject>Pandemics</subject><subject>Polls & surveys</subject><subject>Public transportation</subject><subject>Questionnaires</subject><subject>Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2</subject><subject>Students</subject><subject>University students</subject><subject>Viral 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students and staff able to maintain low daily contact numbers during various COVID-19 guideline periods</title><author>Trickey, Adam ; Nixon, Emily ; Christensen, Hannah ; Finn, Adam ; Thomas, Amy ; Relton, Caroline ; Montgomery, Clara ; Hemani, Gibran ; Metz, Jane ; Walker, Josephine G. ; Turner, Katy ; Kwiatkowska, Rachel ; Sauchelli, Sarah ; Danon, Leon ; Brooks-Pollock, Ellen</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c394t-f0f70b870d0246a3831867152bf3282ea7209885ce60c3a60decd9aa6bdbec693</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Colleges & universities</topic><topic>Coronaviruses</topic><topic>COVID-19</topic><topic>Disease control</topic><topic>Disease transmission</topic><topic>Epidemics</topic><topic>Households</topic><topic>Online instruction</topic><topic>Original Paper</topic><topic>Pandemics</topic><topic>Polls & surveys</topic><topic>Public 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Clara</au><au>Hemani, Gibran</au><au>Metz, Jane</au><au>Walker, Josephine G.</au><au>Turner, Katy</au><au>Kwiatkowska, Rachel</au><au>Sauchelli, Sarah</au><au>Danon, Leon</au><au>Brooks-Pollock, Ellen</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>University students and staff able to maintain low daily contact numbers during various COVID-19 guideline periods</atitle><jtitle>Epidemiology and infection</jtitle><addtitle>Epidemiol. Infect</addtitle><date>2021</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>149</volume><artnum>e169</artnum><issn>0950-2688</issn><eissn>1469-4409</eissn><abstract>UK universities re-opened in September 2020, amidst the coronavirus epidemic. During the first term, various national social distancing measures were introduced, including banning groups of >6 people and the second lockdown in November; however, outbreaks among university students occurred. We aimed to measure the University of Bristol staff and student contact patterns via an online, longitudinal survey capturing self-reported contacts on the previous day. We investigated the change in contacts associated with COVID-19 guidance periods: post-first lockdown (23/06/2020–03/07/2020), relaxed guidance period (04/07/2020–13/09/2020), ‘rule-of-six’ period (14/09/2020–04/11/2020) and the second lockdown (05/11/2020–25/11/2020). In total, 722 staff (4199 responses) and 738 students (1906 responses) were included in the study. For staff, daily contacts were higher in the relaxed guidance and ‘rule-of-six’ periods than the post-first lockdown and second lockdown. Mean student contacts dropped between the ‘rule-of-six’ and second lockdown periods. For both staff and students, the proportion meeting with groups larger than six dropped between the ‘rule-of-six’ period and the second lockdown period, although was higher for students than for staff. Our results suggest university staff and students responded to national guidance by altering their social contacts. Most contacts during the second lockdown were household contacts. The response in staff and students was similar, suggesting that students can adhere to social distancing guidance while at university. The number of contacts recorded for both staff and students were much lower than those recorded by previous surveys in the UK conducted before the COVID-19 pandemic.</abstract><cop>Cambridge, UK</cop><pub>Cambridge University Press</pub><doi>10.1017/S0950268821001618</doi><tpages>14</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3462-2898</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Colleges & universities Coronaviruses COVID-19 Disease control Disease transmission Epidemics Households Online instruction Original Paper Pandemics Polls & surveys Public transportation Questionnaires Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Students University students Viral diseases |
title | University students and staff able to maintain low daily contact numbers during various COVID-19 guideline periods |
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