The expression of prosaposin and its receptors, GRP37 and GPR37L1, are increased in the developing dorsal root ganglion
Prosaposin (PSAP), a highly conserved glycoprotein, is a precursor of saposins A-D. Accumulating evidence suggests that PSAP is a neurotrophic factor, as well as a regulator of lysosomal enzymes. Recently, the orphan G-protein-coupled receptors GPR37 and GPR37L1 were recognized as PSAP receptors, bu...
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| creator | Taniguchi, Miho Nabeka, Hiroaki Yamamiya, Kimiko Khan, Md Sakirul Islam Shimokawa, Tetsuya Islam, Farzana Doihara, Takuya Wakisaka, Hiroyuki Kobayashi, Naoto Hamada, Fumihiko Matsuda, Seiji |
| description | Prosaposin (PSAP), a highly conserved glycoprotein, is a precursor of saposins A-D. Accumulating evidence suggests that PSAP is a neurotrophic factor, as well as a regulator of lysosomal enzymes. Recently, the orphan G-protein-coupled receptors GPR37 and GPR37L1 were recognized as PSAP receptors, but their functions have not yet been clarified. In this study, we examined the distribution of PSAP and its receptors in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) during development using specific antibodies, and showed that PSAP accumulates primarily in lysosomes and is dispersed throughout the cytoplasm of satellite cells. Later, PSAP colocalized with two receptors in satellite cells, and formed a characteristic ring shape approximately 8 weeks after birth, during a period of rapid DRG development. This ring shape, which was only observed around larger neurons, is evidence that several satellite cells are synchronously activated. We found that sortilin, a transporter of a wide variety of intracellular proteins containing PSAP, is strongly localized to the inner side of satellite cells, which contact the neuronal surface. These findings suggest that PSAP and GPR37/GPR37L1 play a role in activating both satellite and nerve cells. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0255958 |
| format | Article |
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Accumulating evidence suggests that PSAP is a neurotrophic factor, as well as a regulator of lysosomal enzymes. Recently, the orphan G-protein-coupled receptors GPR37 and GPR37L1 were recognized as PSAP receptors, but their functions have not yet been clarified. In this study, we examined the distribution of PSAP and its receptors in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) during development using specific antibodies, and showed that PSAP accumulates primarily in lysosomes and is dispersed throughout the cytoplasm of satellite cells. Later, PSAP colocalized with two receptors in satellite cells, and formed a characteristic ring shape approximately 8 weeks after birth, during a period of rapid DRG development. This ring shape, which was only observed around larger neurons, is evidence that several satellite cells are synchronously activated. We found that sortilin, a transporter of a wide variety of intracellular proteins containing PSAP, is strongly localized to the inner side of satellite cells, which contact the neuronal surface. These findings suggest that PSAP and GPR37/GPR37L1 play a role in activating both satellite and nerve cells.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0255958</identifier><identifier>PMID: 34379697</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Amino acids ; Animals ; Antibodies ; Antigens ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Cell receptors ; Cells (biology) ; Cytoplasm ; Developmental neurology ; Dorsal root ganglia ; Embryology ; G protein-coupled receptors ; Ganglia, Spinal - cytology ; Ganglia, Spinal - metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; Glycoproteins ; Laboratories ; Lysosomal enzymes ; Lysosomes ; Male ; Medicine ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Nerve Tissue Proteins - immunology ; Nerve Tissue Proteins - metabolism ; Neurological research ; Neurotrophic factors ; Otolaryngology ; Physiological aspects ; Proteins ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Receptors ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled - immunology ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled - metabolism ; Research and Analysis Methods ; Saposins - immunology ; Saposins - metabolism ; Satellite cells ; Satellites ; Software ; University graduates</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2021-08, Vol.16 (8), p.e0255958-e0255958</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2021 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2021 Taniguchi et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2021 Taniguchi et al 2021 Taniguchi et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c758t-977e957bc45ca4098e248e8964334f4e36ae0e089c853cde50458af599c489083</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c758t-977e957bc45ca4098e248e8964334f4e36ae0e089c853cde50458af599c489083</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-6729-8193</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8357083/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8357083/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,864,885,2102,2928,23866,27924,27925,53791,53793,79600,79601</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34379697$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Badea, Tudor C</contributor><creatorcontrib>Taniguchi, Miho</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nabeka, Hiroaki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yamamiya, Kimiko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Khan, Md Sakirul Islam</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shimokawa, Tetsuya</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Islam, Farzana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Doihara, Takuya</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wakisaka, Hiroyuki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kobayashi, Naoto</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hamada, Fumihiko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Matsuda, Seiji</creatorcontrib><title>The expression of prosaposin and its receptors, GRP37 and GPR37L1, are increased in the developing dorsal root ganglion</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>Prosaposin (PSAP), a highly conserved glycoprotein, is a precursor of saposins A-D. 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Accumulating evidence suggests that PSAP is a neurotrophic factor, as well as a regulator of lysosomal enzymes. Recently, the orphan G-protein-coupled receptors GPR37 and GPR37L1 were recognized as PSAP receptors, but their functions have not yet been clarified. In this study, we examined the distribution of PSAP and its receptors in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) during development using specific antibodies, and showed that PSAP accumulates primarily in lysosomes and is dispersed throughout the cytoplasm of satellite cells. Later, PSAP colocalized with two receptors in satellite cells, and formed a characteristic ring shape approximately 8 weeks after birth, during a period of rapid DRG development. This ring shape, which was only observed around larger neurons, is evidence that several satellite cells are synchronously activated. We found that sortilin, a transporter of a wide variety of intracellular proteins containing PSAP, is strongly localized to the inner side of satellite cells, which contact the neuronal surface. These findings suggest that PSAP and GPR37/GPR37L1 play a role in activating both satellite and nerve cells.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>34379697</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0255958</doi><tpages>e0255958</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6729-8193</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | PloS one, 2021-08, Vol.16 (8), p.e0255958-e0255958 |
| issn | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
| language | eng |
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| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Public Library of Science (PLoS); EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Amino acids Animals Antibodies Antigens Biology and Life Sciences Cell receptors Cells (biology) Cytoplasm Developmental neurology Dorsal root ganglia Embryology G protein-coupled receptors Ganglia, Spinal - cytology Ganglia, Spinal - metabolism Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental Glycoproteins Laboratories Lysosomal enzymes Lysosomes Male Medicine Medicine and Health Sciences Nerve Tissue Proteins - immunology Nerve Tissue Proteins - metabolism Neurological research Neurotrophic factors Otolaryngology Physiological aspects Proteins Rats Rats, Wistar Receptors Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled - immunology Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled - metabolism Research and Analysis Methods Saposins - immunology Saposins - metabolism Satellite cells Satellites Software University graduates |
| title | The expression of prosaposin and its receptors, GRP37 and GPR37L1, are increased in the developing dorsal root ganglion |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-05T18%3A57%3A25IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_plos_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The%20expression%20of%20prosaposin%20and%20its%20receptors,%20GRP37%20and%20GPR37L1,%20are%20increased%20in%20the%20developing%20dorsal%20root%20ganglion&rft.jtitle=PloS%20one&rft.au=Taniguchi,%20Miho&rft.date=2021-08-11&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=e0255958&rft.epage=e0255958&rft.pages=e0255958-e0255958&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.eissn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0255958&rft_dat=%3Cgale_plos_%3EA671585654%3C/gale_plos_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2560288762&rft_id=info:pmid/34379697&rft_galeid=A671585654&rft_doaj_id=oai_doaj_org_article_20ef7b8059134570aa9251289a0ad181&rfr_iscdi=true |