Identification and Evaluation of Aromatic Volatile Compounds in 26 Cultivars and 8 Hybrids of Freesia hybrida
Freesia hybrida is a group of cultivars in the genus Freesia with a strong floral scent composed of diverse volatile organic compounds (VOCs). In this study, the VOCs of 34 F. hybrida were extracted and analyzed by headspace solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (HS-SP...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2021-07, Vol.26 (15), p.4482, Article 4482 |
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| description | Freesia hybrida is a group of cultivars in the genus Freesia with a strong floral scent composed of diverse volatile organic compounds (VOCs). In this study, the VOCs of 34 F. hybrida were extracted and analyzed by headspace solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS). A total of 164 VOCs whose relative contents were higher than 0.05% were detected. The numbers of VOCs in all germplasms differed between 11 to 38, and the relative contents ranged from 32.39% to 94.28%, in which most germplasms were higher than 80%. Terpenoids, especially monoterpenes, were the crucial type of VOCs in most germplasms, of which linalool and D-limonene were the most frequently occurring. Principal component analysis (PCA) clearly separated samples based on whether linalool was the main component, and hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) clustered samples into 4 groups according to the preponderant compounds linalool and (E)-beta-ocimene. Comparison of parental species and hybrids showed heterosis in three hybrids, and the inherited and novel substances suggested that monoterpene played an important role in F. hybrida floral scent. This study established a foundation for the evaluation of Freesia genetic resources, breeding for the floral aroma and promoting commercial application. |
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In this study, the VOCs of 34 F. hybrida were extracted and analyzed by headspace solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS). A total of 164 VOCs whose relative contents were higher than 0.05% were detected. The numbers of VOCs in all germplasms differed between 11 to 38, and the relative contents ranged from 32.39% to 94.28%, in which most germplasms were higher than 80%. Terpenoids, especially monoterpenes, were the crucial type of VOCs in most germplasms, of which linalool and D-limonene were the most frequently occurring. Principal component analysis (PCA) clearly separated samples based on whether linalool was the main component, and hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) clustered samples into 4 groups according to the preponderant compounds linalool and (E)-beta-ocimene. Comparison of parental species and hybrids showed heterosis in three hybrids, and the inherited and novel substances suggested that monoterpene played an important role in F. hybrida floral scent. This study established a foundation for the evaluation of Freesia genetic resources, breeding for the floral aroma and promoting commercial application.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1420-3049</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1420-3049</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/molecules26154482</identifier><identifier>PMID: 34361635</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>BASEL: Mdpi</publisher><subject>Aroma ; Aromatic compounds ; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology ; Breeding ; Chemistry ; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary ; Clustering ; Cultivars ; Fatty acids ; floral scent ; Flowers & plants ; Freesia ; Freesia hybrida ; Gas chromatography ; Genetic resources ; Headspace ; Heterosis ; Hybrids ; Life Sciences & Biomedicine ; Limonene ; Linalool ; Mass spectrometry ; Mass spectroscopy ; Metabolism ; Monoterpenes ; Ocimene ; Oils & fats ; Organic compounds ; Physical Sciences ; Plant breeding ; Principal components analysis ; Science & Technology ; Solid phases ; Sulfur ; VOCs ; Volatile compounds ; Volatile organic compounds</subject><ispartof>Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2021-07, Vol.26 (15), p.4482, Article 4482</ispartof><rights>2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). 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In this study, the VOCs of 34 F. hybrida were extracted and analyzed by headspace solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS). A total of 164 VOCs whose relative contents were higher than 0.05% were detected. The numbers of VOCs in all germplasms differed between 11 to 38, and the relative contents ranged from 32.39% to 94.28%, in which most germplasms were higher than 80%. Terpenoids, especially monoterpenes, were the crucial type of VOCs in most germplasms, of which linalool and D-limonene were the most frequently occurring. Principal component analysis (PCA) clearly separated samples based on whether linalool was the main component, and hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) clustered samples into 4 groups according to the preponderant compounds linalool and (E)-beta-ocimene. Comparison of parental species and hybrids showed heterosis in three hybrids, and the inherited and novel substances suggested that monoterpene played an important role in F. hybrida floral scent. This study established a foundation for the evaluation of Freesia genetic resources, breeding for the floral aroma and promoting commercial application.</abstract><cop>BASEL</cop><pub>Mdpi</pub><pmid>34361635</pmid><doi>10.3390/molecules26154482</doi><tpages>12</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5066-5065</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Aroma Aromatic compounds Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Breeding Chemistry Chemistry, Multidisciplinary Clustering Cultivars Fatty acids floral scent Flowers & plants Freesia Freesia hybrida Gas chromatography Genetic resources Headspace Heterosis Hybrids Life Sciences & Biomedicine Limonene Linalool Mass spectrometry Mass spectroscopy Metabolism Monoterpenes Ocimene Oils & fats Organic compounds Physical Sciences Plant breeding Principal components analysis Science & Technology Solid phases Sulfur VOCs Volatile compounds Volatile organic compounds |
| title | Identification and Evaluation of Aromatic Volatile Compounds in 26 Cultivars and 8 Hybrids of Freesia hybrida |
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