Green Synthesized Chitosan/Chitosan Nanoforms/Nanocomposites for Drug Delivery Applications
Chitosan has become a highlighted polymer, gaining paramount importance and research attention. The fact that this valuable polymer can be extracted from food industry-generated shell waste gives it immense value. Chitosan, owing to its biological and physicochemical properties, has become an attrac...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Polymers 2021-07, Vol.13 (14), p.2256 |
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| creator | Sivanesan, Iyyakkannu Gopal, Judy Muthu, Manikandan Shin, Juhyun Mari, Selvaraj Oh, Jaewook |
| description | Chitosan has become a highlighted polymer, gaining paramount importance and research attention. The fact that this valuable polymer can be extracted from food industry-generated shell waste gives it immense value. Chitosan, owing to its biological and physicochemical properties, has become an attractive option for biomedical applications. This review briefly runs through the various methods involved in the preparation of chitosan and chitosan nanoforms. For the first time, we consolidate the available scattered reports on the various attempts towards greens synthesis of chitosan, chitosan nanomaterials, and chitosan nanocomposites. The drug delivery applications of chitosan and its nanoforms have been reviewed. This review points to the lack of systematic research in the area of green synthesis of chitosan. Researchers have been concentrating more on recovering chitosan from marine shell waste through chemical and synthetic processes that generate toxic wastes, rather than working on eco-friendly green processes—this is projected in this review. This review draws the attention of researchers to turn to novel and innovative green processes. More so, there are scarce reports on the application of green synthesized chitosan nanoforms and nanocomposites towards drug delivery applications. This is another area that deserves research focus. These have been speculated and highlighted as future perspectives in this review. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/polym13142256 |
| format | Article |
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The fact that this valuable polymer can be extracted from food industry-generated shell waste gives it immense value. Chitosan, owing to its biological and physicochemical properties, has become an attractive option for biomedical applications. This review briefly runs through the various methods involved in the preparation of chitosan and chitosan nanoforms. For the first time, we consolidate the available scattered reports on the various attempts towards greens synthesis of chitosan, chitosan nanomaterials, and chitosan nanocomposites. The drug delivery applications of chitosan and its nanoforms have been reviewed. This review points to the lack of systematic research in the area of green synthesis of chitosan. Researchers have been concentrating more on recovering chitosan from marine shell waste through chemical and synthetic processes that generate toxic wastes, rather than working on eco-friendly green processes—this is projected in this review. This review draws the attention of researchers to turn to novel and innovative green processes. More so, there are scarce reports on the application of green synthesized chitosan nanoforms and nanocomposites towards drug delivery applications. This is another area that deserves research focus. These have been speculated and highlighted as future perspectives in this review.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2073-4360</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2073-4360</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/polym13142256</identifier><identifier>PMID: 34301013</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Basel: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Biocompatibility ; Biological properties ; Biomedical materials ; Chitosan ; Enzymes ; Marine chemistry ; Methods ; Microemulsions ; Microorganisms ; Molecular weight ; Nanocomposites ; Nanomaterials ; Nanoparticles ; Particle size ; Polymers ; Proteins ; Review ; Solvents ; Surfactants ; Synthesis ; Tissue engineering ; Toxic wastes ; Zinc oxides</subject><ispartof>Polymers, 2021-07, Vol.13 (14), p.2256</ispartof><rights>2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). 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The fact that this valuable polymer can be extracted from food industry-generated shell waste gives it immense value. Chitosan, owing to its biological and physicochemical properties, has become an attractive option for biomedical applications. This review briefly runs through the various methods involved in the preparation of chitosan and chitosan nanoforms. For the first time, we consolidate the available scattered reports on the various attempts towards greens synthesis of chitosan, chitosan nanomaterials, and chitosan nanocomposites. The drug delivery applications of chitosan and its nanoforms have been reviewed. This review points to the lack of systematic research in the area of green synthesis of chitosan. Researchers have been concentrating more on recovering chitosan from marine shell waste through chemical and synthetic processes that generate toxic wastes, rather than working on eco-friendly green processes—this is projected in this review. This review draws the attention of researchers to turn to novel and innovative green processes. More so, there are scarce reports on the application of green synthesized chitosan nanoforms and nanocomposites towards drug delivery applications. This is another area that deserves research focus. These have been speculated and highlighted as future perspectives in this review.</description><subject>Biocompatibility</subject><subject>Biological properties</subject><subject>Biomedical materials</subject><subject>Chitosan</subject><subject>Enzymes</subject><subject>Marine chemistry</subject><subject>Methods</subject><subject>Microemulsions</subject><subject>Microorganisms</subject><subject>Molecular weight</subject><subject>Nanocomposites</subject><subject>Nanomaterials</subject><subject>Nanoparticles</subject><subject>Particle size</subject><subject>Polymers</subject><subject>Proteins</subject><subject>Review</subject><subject>Solvents</subject><subject>Surfactants</subject><subject>Synthesis</subject><subject>Tissue engineering</subject><subject>Toxic wastes</subject><subject>Zinc oxides</subject><issn>2073-4360</issn><issn>2073-4360</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNpVkUFLw0AQhRdRbKk9eg94jt3d2SSbi1BarYLoQT15WDbJpN2SZONuWqi_3pRWsXOZx8zjm4FHyDWjtwApnbS22tUMmOA8is_IkNMEQgExPf-nB2Ts_Zr2JaI4ZsklGYAAyiiDIflcOMQmeNs13Qq9-cYimK1MZ71uJr8ieNGNLa2r_WSvclu31psOfdAPg7nbLIM5VmaLbhdM27Yyue6MbfwVuSh15XF87CPy8XD_PnsMn18XT7Ppc5hDyrsw1ZILYEWEKZdSsgwEQllAQZEVaZyLUupI60wkUZJlXJdlnCMveIIplFkSw4jcHbjtJquxyLHpnK5U60yt3U5ZbdTppjErtbRbJYGmIEUPuDkCnP3aoO_U2m5c0_-seBSJREoRpb0rPLhyZ713WP5dYFTt41AnccAPX-J_gA</recordid><startdate>20210709</startdate><enddate>20210709</enddate><creator>Sivanesan, Iyyakkannu</creator><creator>Gopal, Judy</creator><creator>Muthu, Manikandan</creator><creator>Shin, Juhyun</creator><creator>Mari, Selvaraj</creator><creator>Oh, Jaewook</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><general>MDPI</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2439-0499</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0090-5160</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7447-6392</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20210709</creationdate><title>Green Synthesized Chitosan/Chitosan Nanoforms/Nanocomposites for Drug Delivery Applications</title><author>Sivanesan, Iyyakkannu ; 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| source | MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; PubMed Central; PubMed Central Open Access |
| subjects | Biocompatibility Biological properties Biomedical materials Chitosan Enzymes Marine chemistry Methods Microemulsions Microorganisms Molecular weight Nanocomposites Nanomaterials Nanoparticles Particle size Polymers Proteins Review Solvents Surfactants Synthesis Tissue engineering Toxic wastes Zinc oxides |
| title | Green Synthesized Chitosan/Chitosan Nanoforms/Nanocomposites for Drug Delivery Applications |
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