Characterization of Archaeological Artefacts Using Methods Specific to Materials Science: The Case Study of Dacian Ceramics from 2nd c. BC to 1st c. AD
Combined analysis methods such as optical microscopy (OM), cathodoluminescence (CL) microscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy–energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (SEM–EDX) have made it possible to obtain the first physico-chemical data of Dacian potsherds, exhumed at the...
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| creator | Teodorescu, Laura Ben Amara, Ayed Cantin, Nadia Chapoulie, Rémy Ducu, Cătălin Ciucă, Sorin Tulugea, Claudiu Terteci, Carol Abrudeanu, Mărioara |
| description | Combined analysis methods such as optical microscopy (OM), cathodoluminescence (CL) microscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy–energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (SEM–EDX) have made it possible to obtain the first physico-chemical data of Dacian potsherds, exhumed at the archeological site of Ocnița-Buridava, Romania; the samples were provided by the “Aurelian Sacerdoțeanu” County Museum Vâlcea, dating from the 2nd century BC to the 1st century AD. The mineralogical and petrographic analyses revealed two types of ceramic pastes, taking into account the granulometry of the inclusions and highlighting the choice of the potter for fabricating the ceramic either by wheel or by hand. All samples showed an abundance in quartz, mica (muscovite and biotite), and feldspars. These observations were confirmed by cathodoluminescence imagery, revealing heterogeneous pastes with varied granulometric distributions. The XRD patterns indicated the presence of the mineral phases, indicating a firing temperature below 900 °C. The wheel-made ceramics have a fine, compact matrix with very fine inclusions ( |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/ma14143908 |
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BC to 1st c. AD</title><source>PubMed Central Open Access</source><source>MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute</source><source>EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals</source><source>PubMed Central</source><source>Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry</source><creator>Teodorescu, Laura ; Ben Amara, Ayed ; Cantin, Nadia ; Chapoulie, Rémy ; Ducu, Cătălin ; Ciucă, Sorin ; Tulugea, Claudiu ; Terteci, Carol ; Abrudeanu, Mărioara</creator><creatorcontrib>Teodorescu, Laura ; Ben Amara, Ayed ; Cantin, Nadia ; Chapoulie, Rémy ; Ducu, Cătălin ; Ciucă, Sorin ; Tulugea, Claudiu ; Terteci, Carol ; Abrudeanu, Mărioara</creatorcontrib><description>Combined analysis methods such as optical microscopy (OM), cathodoluminescence (CL) microscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy–energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (SEM–EDX) have made it possible to obtain the first physico-chemical data of Dacian potsherds, exhumed at the archeological site of Ocnița-Buridava, Romania; the samples were provided by the “Aurelian Sacerdoțeanu” County Museum Vâlcea, dating from the 2nd century BC to the 1st century AD. The mineralogical and petrographic analyses revealed two types of ceramic pastes, taking into account the granulometry of the inclusions and highlighting the choice of the potter for fabricating the ceramic either by wheel or by hand. All samples showed an abundance in quartz, mica (muscovite and biotite), and feldspars. These observations were confirmed by cathodoluminescence imagery, revealing heterogeneous pastes with varied granulometric distributions. The XRD patterns indicated the presence of the mineral phases, indicating a firing temperature below 900 °C. The wheel-made ceramics have a fine, compact matrix with very fine inclusions (<40 µm). On the other hand, the hand-made ceramics present a coarse matrix, with inclusions whose granulometry reaches approximately 2 mm. The difference between these two types of ceramics is also confirmed by the mineralogical and chemical analysis. The wheel-made potsherds are more abundant in MgO, Al2O3, and CaO contents.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1996-1944</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1996-1944</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/ma14143908</identifier><identifier>PMID: 34300826</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Basel: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Aluminum oxide ; Analytical chemistry ; Archaeology ; Archaeology and Prehistory ; Biotite ; Cathodoluminescence ; Ceramics ; Chemical analysis ; Chemical Sciences ; Condensed Matter ; Cultural heritage and museology ; Feldspars ; Historic artifacts ; Humanities and Social Sciences ; Inclusions ; Manufacturing ; Materials science ; Methods and statistics ; Mica ; Mineralogy ; Minerals ; Muscovite ; Optical microscopy ; Particle size ; Pastes ; Physics ; Software ; X-ray diffraction</subject><ispartof>Materials, 2021-07, Vol.14 (14), p.3908</ispartof><rights>2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). 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These observations were confirmed by cathodoluminescence imagery, revealing heterogeneous pastes with varied granulometric distributions. The XRD patterns indicated the presence of the mineral phases, indicating a firing temperature below 900 °C. The wheel-made ceramics have a fine, compact matrix with very fine inclusions (<40 µm). On the other hand, the hand-made ceramics present a coarse matrix, with inclusions whose granulometry reaches approximately 2 mm. The difference between these two types of ceramics is also confirmed by the mineralogical and chemical analysis. 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BC to 1st c. AD</atitle><jtitle>Materials</jtitle><date>2021-07-13</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>14</volume><issue>14</issue><spage>3908</spage><pages>3908-</pages><issn>1996-1944</issn><eissn>1996-1944</eissn><abstract>Combined analysis methods such as optical microscopy (OM), cathodoluminescence (CL) microscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy–energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (SEM–EDX) have made it possible to obtain the first physico-chemical data of Dacian potsherds, exhumed at the archeological site of Ocnița-Buridava, Romania; the samples were provided by the “Aurelian Sacerdoțeanu” County Museum Vâlcea, dating from the 2nd century BC to the 1st century AD. The mineralogical and petrographic analyses revealed two types of ceramic pastes, taking into account the granulometry of the inclusions and highlighting the choice of the potter for fabricating the ceramic either by wheel or by hand. All samples showed an abundance in quartz, mica (muscovite and biotite), and feldspars. These observations were confirmed by cathodoluminescence imagery, revealing heterogeneous pastes with varied granulometric distributions. The XRD patterns indicated the presence of the mineral phases, indicating a firing temperature below 900 °C. The wheel-made ceramics have a fine, compact matrix with very fine inclusions (<40 µm). On the other hand, the hand-made ceramics present a coarse matrix, with inclusions whose granulometry reaches approximately 2 mm. The difference between these two types of ceramics is also confirmed by the mineralogical and chemical analysis. The wheel-made potsherds are more abundant in MgO, Al2O3, and CaO contents.</abstract><cop>Basel</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><pmid>34300826</pmid><doi>10.3390/ma14143908</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5568-0942</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9959-7940</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8673-1722</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Aluminum oxide Analytical chemistry Archaeology Archaeology and Prehistory Biotite Cathodoluminescence Ceramics Chemical analysis Chemical Sciences Condensed Matter Cultural heritage and museology Feldspars Historic artifacts Humanities and Social Sciences Inclusions Manufacturing Materials science Methods and statistics Mica Mineralogy Minerals Muscovite Optical microscopy Particle size Pastes Physics Software X-ray diffraction |
| title | Characterization of Archaeological Artefacts Using Methods Specific to Materials Science: The Case Study of Dacian Ceramics from 2nd c. BC to 1st c. AD |
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