Skeletal muscle capillary density is related to anaerobic threshold and claudication in peripheral artery disease
Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is characterized by impaired blood flow to the lower extremities, causing claudication and exercise intolerance. Exercise intolerance may result from reduced skeletal muscle capillary density and impaired muscle oxygen delivery. This cross-sectional study tested the h...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Vascular medicine (London, England) England), 2020-10, Vol.25 (5), p.411-418 |
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| creator | Duscha, Brian D Kraus, William E Jones, William S Robbins, Jennifer L Piner, Lucy W Huffman, Kim M Allen, Jason D Annex, Brian H |
| description | Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is characterized by impaired blood flow to the lower extremities, causing claudication and exercise intolerance. Exercise intolerance may result from reduced skeletal muscle capillary density and impaired muscle oxygen delivery. This cross-sectional study tested the hypothesis that capillary density is related to claudication times and anaerobic threshold (AT) in patients with PAD. A total of 37 patients with PAD and 29 control subjects performed cardiopulmonary exercise testing on a treadmill for AT and gastrocnemius muscle biopsies. Skeletal muscle capillary density was measured using immunofluorescence staining. PAD had decreased capillary density (278 ± 87 vs 331 ± 86 endothelial cells/mm2, p = 0.05), peak VO2 (15.7 ± 3.9 vs 24.3 ± 5.2 mL/kg/min, p ⩽ 0.001), and VO2 at AT (11.5 ± 2.6 vs 16.1 ± 2.8 mL/kg/min, p ⩽ 0.001) compared to control subjects. In patients with PAD, but not control subjects, capillary density was related to VO2 at AT (r = 0.343; p = 0.038), time to AT (r = 0.381; p = 0.020), and time after AT to test termination (r = 0.610; p ⩽ 0.001). Capillary density was also related to time to claudication (r = 0.332; p = 0.038) and time after claudication to test termination (r = 0.584; p ⩽ 0.001). In conclusion, relationships between capillary density, AT, and claudication symptoms indicate that, in PAD, exercise limitations are likely partially dependent on limited skeletal muscle capillary density and oxidative metabolism. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1177/1358863X20945794 |
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Exercise intolerance may result from reduced skeletal muscle capillary density and impaired muscle oxygen delivery. This cross-sectional study tested the hypothesis that capillary density is related to claudication times and anaerobic threshold (AT) in patients with PAD. A total of 37 patients with PAD and 29 control subjects performed cardiopulmonary exercise testing on a treadmill for AT and gastrocnemius muscle biopsies. Skeletal muscle capillary density was measured using immunofluorescence staining. PAD had decreased capillary density (278 ± 87 vs 331 ± 86 endothelial cells/mm2, p = 0.05), peak VO2 (15.7 ± 3.9 vs 24.3 ± 5.2 mL/kg/min, p ⩽ 0.001), and VO2 at AT (11.5 ± 2.6 vs 16.1 ± 2.8 mL/kg/min, p ⩽ 0.001) compared to control subjects. In patients with PAD, but not control subjects, capillary density was related to VO2 at AT (r = 0.343; p = 0.038), time to AT (r = 0.381; p = 0.020), and time after AT to test termination (r = 0.610; p ⩽ 0.001). Capillary density was also related to time to claudication (r = 0.332; p = 0.038) and time after claudication to test termination (r = 0.584; p ⩽ 0.001). In conclusion, relationships between capillary density, AT, and claudication symptoms indicate that, in PAD, exercise limitations are likely partially dependent on limited skeletal muscle capillary density and oxidative metabolism.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1358-863X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1477-0377</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1177/1358863X20945794</identifier><identifier>PMID: 32841100</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>London, England: SAGE Publications</publisher><subject>Aged ; Anaerobic Threshold ; Blood flow ; Capillaries - physiopathology ; Cardiovascular diseases ; Case-Control Studies ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Density ; Endothelial cells ; Exercise Tolerance ; Extremities ; Female ; Gastrocnemius muscle ; Humans ; Immunofluorescence ; Intermittent Claudication - metabolism ; Intermittent Claudication - physiopathology ; Intolerance ; Male ; Microvascular Density ; Middle Aged ; Muscle, Skeletal - blood supply ; Muscles ; Musculoskeletal system ; Nitric oxide ; Oxidative metabolism ; Peripheral Arterial Disease - metabolism ; Peripheral Arterial Disease - physiopathology ; Regional Blood Flow ; Signs and symptoms ; Skeletal muscle ; Treadmills ; Vanadium oxides ; Vascular diseases</subject><ispartof>Vascular medicine (London, England), 2020-10, Vol.25 (5), p.411-418</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2020</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c462t-526fb78cf84af096886444f71e753032cfb0ecf442b2a72f282ba2fbacd7e3fe3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c462t-526fb78cf84af096886444f71e753032cfb0ecf442b2a72f282ba2fbacd7e3fe3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-3257-6157</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1358863X20945794$$EPDF$$P50$$Gsage$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1358863X20945794$$EHTML$$P50$$Gsage$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,776,780,881,21798,27901,27902,43597,43598</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32841100$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Duscha, Brian D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kraus, William E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jones, William S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Robbins, Jennifer L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Piner, Lucy W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Huffman, Kim M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Allen, Jason D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Annex, Brian H</creatorcontrib><title>Skeletal muscle capillary density is related to anaerobic threshold and claudication in peripheral artery disease</title><title>Vascular medicine (London, England)</title><addtitle>Vasc Med</addtitle><description>Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is characterized by impaired blood flow to the lower extremities, causing claudication and exercise intolerance. Exercise intolerance may result from reduced skeletal muscle capillary density and impaired muscle oxygen delivery. This cross-sectional study tested the hypothesis that capillary density is related to claudication times and anaerobic threshold (AT) in patients with PAD. A total of 37 patients with PAD and 29 control subjects performed cardiopulmonary exercise testing on a treadmill for AT and gastrocnemius muscle biopsies. Skeletal muscle capillary density was measured using immunofluorescence staining. PAD had decreased capillary density (278 ± 87 vs 331 ± 86 endothelial cells/mm2, p = 0.05), peak VO2 (15.7 ± 3.9 vs 24.3 ± 5.2 mL/kg/min, p ⩽ 0.001), and VO2 at AT (11.5 ± 2.6 vs 16.1 ± 2.8 mL/kg/min, p ⩽ 0.001) compared to control subjects. In patients with PAD, but not control subjects, capillary density was related to VO2 at AT (r = 0.343; p = 0.038), time to AT (r = 0.381; p = 0.020), and time after AT to test termination (r = 0.610; p ⩽ 0.001). Capillary density was also related to time to claudication (r = 0.332; p = 0.038) and time after claudication to test termination (r = 0.584; p ⩽ 0.001). In conclusion, relationships between capillary density, AT, and claudication symptoms indicate that, in PAD, exercise limitations are likely partially dependent on limited skeletal muscle capillary density and oxidative metabolism.</description><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Anaerobic Threshold</subject><subject>Blood flow</subject><subject>Capillaries - physiopathology</subject><subject>Cardiovascular diseases</subject><subject>Case-Control Studies</subject><subject>Cross-Sectional Studies</subject><subject>Density</subject><subject>Endothelial cells</subject><subject>Exercise Tolerance</subject><subject>Extremities</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Gastrocnemius muscle</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Immunofluorescence</subject><subject>Intermittent Claudication - metabolism</subject><subject>Intermittent Claudication - physiopathology</subject><subject>Intolerance</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Microvascular Density</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Muscle, Skeletal - blood supply</subject><subject>Muscles</subject><subject>Musculoskeletal system</subject><subject>Nitric oxide</subject><subject>Oxidative metabolism</subject><subject>Peripheral Arterial Disease - metabolism</subject><subject>Peripheral Arterial Disease - physiopathology</subject><subject>Regional Blood Flow</subject><subject>Signs and symptoms</subject><subject>Skeletal muscle</subject><subject>Treadmills</subject><subject>Vanadium oxides</subject><subject>Vascular diseases</subject><issn>1358-863X</issn><issn>1477-0377</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kc9LHTEQx0OpqFXvnkqgFy9b82s32UuhiNaC4KEt9Bay2YkvNm-zJlnB_755PLVW8JQh85nvzHcGoWNKPlMq5SnlrVId_81IL1rZi3donwopG8KlfF_jmm42-T30IedbQojserqL9jhTglJC9tHdjz8QoJiA10u2AbA1sw_BpAc8wpR9ecA-4wTBFBhxidhMBlIcvMVllSCvYhjr34htMMvorSk-TthPeIbk5xWkqmxSgY2ez2AyHKIdZ0KGo8f3AP26OP95dtlcXX_7fvb1qrGiY6VpWecGqaxTwjjSd9WnEMJJCrLlhDPrBgLWCcEGZiRzTLHBMDcYO0rgDvgB-rLVnZdhDaOFqdRh9Jz8urrT0Xj9f2byK30T77VifW3RVoGTR4EU7xbIRa99tlCXM0FcsmaCS0FE3XxFP71Cb-OSpmqvUqJXnFDFK0W2lE0x5wTueRhK9Oae-vU9a8nHlyaeC54OWIFmC2RzA_-6vin4F2y0q1Y</recordid><startdate>20201001</startdate><enddate>20201001</enddate><creator>Duscha, Brian D</creator><creator>Kraus, William E</creator><creator>Jones, William S</creator><creator>Robbins, Jennifer L</creator><creator>Piner, Lucy W</creator><creator>Huffman, Kim M</creator><creator>Allen, Jason D</creator><creator>Annex, Brian H</creator><general>SAGE Publications</general><general>Sage Publications Ltd</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M7Z</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3257-6157</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20201001</creationdate><title>Skeletal muscle capillary density is related to anaerobic threshold and claudication in peripheral artery disease</title><author>Duscha, Brian D ; Kraus, William E ; Jones, William S ; Robbins, Jennifer L ; Piner, Lucy W ; Huffman, Kim M ; Allen, Jason D ; Annex, Brian H</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c462t-526fb78cf84af096886444f71e753032cfb0ecf442b2a72f282ba2fbacd7e3fe3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Anaerobic Threshold</topic><topic>Blood flow</topic><topic>Capillaries - physiopathology</topic><topic>Cardiovascular diseases</topic><topic>Case-Control Studies</topic><topic>Cross-Sectional Studies</topic><topic>Density</topic><topic>Endothelial cells</topic><topic>Exercise Tolerance</topic><topic>Extremities</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Gastrocnemius muscle</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Immunofluorescence</topic><topic>Intermittent Claudication - metabolism</topic><topic>Intermittent Claudication - physiopathology</topic><topic>Intolerance</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Microvascular Density</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Muscle, Skeletal - blood supply</topic><topic>Muscles</topic><topic>Musculoskeletal system</topic><topic>Nitric oxide</topic><topic>Oxidative metabolism</topic><topic>Peripheral Arterial Disease - metabolism</topic><topic>Peripheral Arterial Disease - physiopathology</topic><topic>Regional Blood Flow</topic><topic>Signs and symptoms</topic><topic>Skeletal muscle</topic><topic>Treadmills</topic><topic>Vanadium oxides</topic><topic>Vascular diseases</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Duscha, Brian D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kraus, William E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jones, William S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Robbins, Jennifer L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Piner, Lucy W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Huffman, Kim M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Allen, Jason D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Annex, Brian H</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Biochemistry Abstracts 1</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Vascular medicine (London, England)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Duscha, Brian D</au><au>Kraus, William E</au><au>Jones, William S</au><au>Robbins, Jennifer L</au><au>Piner, Lucy W</au><au>Huffman, Kim M</au><au>Allen, Jason D</au><au>Annex, Brian H</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Skeletal muscle capillary density is related to anaerobic threshold and claudication in peripheral artery disease</atitle><jtitle>Vascular medicine (London, England)</jtitle><addtitle>Vasc Med</addtitle><date>2020-10-01</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>25</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>411</spage><epage>418</epage><pages>411-418</pages><issn>1358-863X</issn><eissn>1477-0377</eissn><abstract>Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is characterized by impaired blood flow to the lower extremities, causing claudication and exercise intolerance. Exercise intolerance may result from reduced skeletal muscle capillary density and impaired muscle oxygen delivery. This cross-sectional study tested the hypothesis that capillary density is related to claudication times and anaerobic threshold (AT) in patients with PAD. A total of 37 patients with PAD and 29 control subjects performed cardiopulmonary exercise testing on a treadmill for AT and gastrocnemius muscle biopsies. Skeletal muscle capillary density was measured using immunofluorescence staining. PAD had decreased capillary density (278 ± 87 vs 331 ± 86 endothelial cells/mm2, p = 0.05), peak VO2 (15.7 ± 3.9 vs 24.3 ± 5.2 mL/kg/min, p ⩽ 0.001), and VO2 at AT (11.5 ± 2.6 vs 16.1 ± 2.8 mL/kg/min, p ⩽ 0.001) compared to control subjects. In patients with PAD, but not control subjects, capillary density was related to VO2 at AT (r = 0.343; p = 0.038), time to AT (r = 0.381; p = 0.020), and time after AT to test termination (r = 0.610; p ⩽ 0.001). Capillary density was also related to time to claudication (r = 0.332; p = 0.038) and time after claudication to test termination (r = 0.584; p ⩽ 0.001). In conclusion, relationships between capillary density, AT, and claudication symptoms indicate that, in PAD, exercise limitations are likely partially dependent on limited skeletal muscle capillary density and oxidative metabolism.</abstract><cop>London, England</cop><pub>SAGE Publications</pub><pmid>32841100</pmid><doi>10.1177/1358863X20945794</doi><tpages>8</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3257-6157</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | SAGE Complete A-Z List; MEDLINE; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; Alma/SFX Local Collection |
| subjects | Aged Anaerobic Threshold Blood flow Capillaries - physiopathology Cardiovascular diseases Case-Control Studies Cross-Sectional Studies Density Endothelial cells Exercise Tolerance Extremities Female Gastrocnemius muscle Humans Immunofluorescence Intermittent Claudication - metabolism Intermittent Claudication - physiopathology Intolerance Male Microvascular Density Middle Aged Muscle, Skeletal - blood supply Muscles Musculoskeletal system Nitric oxide Oxidative metabolism Peripheral Arterial Disease - metabolism Peripheral Arterial Disease - physiopathology Regional Blood Flow Signs and symptoms Skeletal muscle Treadmills Vanadium oxides Vascular diseases |
| title | Skeletal muscle capillary density is related to anaerobic threshold and claudication in peripheral artery disease |
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