Quantification of Myocardial Creatine and Triglyceride Content in the Human Heart: Precision and Accuracy of in vivo Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Background Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H‐MRS) of the human heart is deemed to be a quantitative method to investigate myocardial metabolite content, but thorough validations of in vivo measurements against invasive techniques are lacking. Purpose To determine measurement precision and a...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of magnetic resonance imaging 2021-08, Vol.54 (2), p.411-420 |
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| creator | Bakermans, Adrianus J. Boekholdt, S. Matthijs Vries, Dylan K. Reckman, Yolan J. Farag, Emile S. Heer, Paul Uthman, Laween Denis, Simone W. Zuurbier, Coert J. Houtkooper, Riekelt H. Koolbergen, David R. Kluin, Jolanda Planken, R. Nils Lamb, Hildo J. Webb, Andrew G. Strijkers, Gustav J. Beard, Daniel A. Jeneson, Jeroen A.L. Nederveen, Aart J. |
| description | Background
Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H‐MRS) of the human heart is deemed to be a quantitative method to investigate myocardial metabolite content, but thorough validations of in vivo measurements against invasive techniques are lacking.
Purpose
To determine measurement precision and accuracy for quantifications of myocardial total creatine and triglyceride content with localized 1H‐MRS.
Study type
Test–retest repeatability and measurement validation study.
Subjects
Sixteen volunteers and 22 patients scheduled for open‐heart aortic valve replacement or septal myectomy.
Field Strength/Sequence
Prospectively ECG‐triggered respiratory‐gated free‐breathing single‐voxel point‐resolved spectroscopy (PRESS) sequence at 3 T.
Assessment
Myocardial total creatine and triglyceride content were quantified relative to the total water content by fitting the 1H‐MR spectra. Precision was assessed with measurement repeatability. Accuracy was assessed by validating in vivo 1H‐MRS measurements against biochemical assays in myocardial tissue from the same subjects.
Statistical Tests
Intrasession and intersession repeatability was assessed using Bland–Altman analyses. Agreement between 1H‐MRS measurements and biochemical assay was tested with regression analyses.
Results
The intersession repeatability coefficient for myocardial total creatine content was 41.8% with a mean value of 0.083% ± 0.020% of the total water signal, and 36.7% for myocardial triglyceride content with a mean value of 0.35% ± 0.13% of the total water signal. Ex vivo myocardial total creatine concentrations in tissue samples correlated with the in vivo myocardial total creatine content measured with 1H‐MRS: n = 22, r = 0.44; P |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1002/jmri.27531 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_8277665</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2550207965</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4481-8999dc8cb4cd42f9748635236948098d1207efa9b072976069daa46eb4b128b63</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9kcFu1DAQhiMEoqVw4QGQJS4IKcV2bMfmUKlaAVvUFVDK2XKcydarrL3YyaI8Cy-L0y0VcOBky_P508z8RfGc4FOCMX2z2UZ3SmtekQfFMeGUlpRL8TDfMa9KInF9VDxJaYMxVorxx8VRVXGhJGXHxc8vo_GD65w1gwsehQ6tpmBNbJ3p0SJCfvaAjG_RdXTrfrIQXQtoEfwAfkDOo-EG0HLcGo-WYOLwFn2OYF2abfO3c2vHaOw0qzO9d_uQiTDk8sqsPQzOoitIwRtvAX3dgR1iSDbspqfFo870CZ7dnSfFt_fvrhfL8vLTh4vF-WVpGZOklEqp1krbMNsy2qmaSVFxWgnFJFayJRTX0BnV4JqqWmChWmOYgIY1hMpGVCfF2cG7G5sttDbPFU2vd9FtTZx0ME7_XfHuRq_DXkta10LwLHh1J4jh-whp0FuXLPS98RDGpCmTkvOaCZLRl_-gmzBGn8fTlHOcW1W3wtcHyuZVpAjdfTME6zlzPWeubzPP8Is_279Hf4ecAXIAfrgepv-o9MfV1cVB-gvPcLl3</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2550207965</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Quantification of Myocardial Creatine and Triglyceride Content in the Human Heart: Precision and Accuracy of in vivo Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy</title><source>Wiley Online Library All Journals</source><creator>Bakermans, Adrianus J. ; Boekholdt, S. Matthijs ; Vries, Dylan K. ; Reckman, Yolan J. ; Farag, Emile S. ; Heer, Paul ; Uthman, Laween ; Denis, Simone W. ; Zuurbier, Coert J. ; Houtkooper, Riekelt H. ; Koolbergen, David R. ; Kluin, Jolanda ; Planken, R. Nils ; Lamb, Hildo J. ; Webb, Andrew G. ; Strijkers, Gustav J. ; Beard, Daniel A. ; Jeneson, Jeroen A.L. ; Nederveen, Aart J.</creator><creatorcontrib>Bakermans, Adrianus J. ; Boekholdt, S. Matthijs ; Vries, Dylan K. ; Reckman, Yolan J. ; Farag, Emile S. ; Heer, Paul ; Uthman, Laween ; Denis, Simone W. ; Zuurbier, Coert J. ; Houtkooper, Riekelt H. ; Koolbergen, David R. ; Kluin, Jolanda ; Planken, R. Nils ; Lamb, Hildo J. ; Webb, Andrew G. ; Strijkers, Gustav J. ; Beard, Daniel A. ; Jeneson, Jeroen A.L. ; Nederveen, Aart J.</creatorcontrib><description>Background
Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H‐MRS) of the human heart is deemed to be a quantitative method to investigate myocardial metabolite content, but thorough validations of in vivo measurements against invasive techniques are lacking.
Purpose
To determine measurement precision and accuracy for quantifications of myocardial total creatine and triglyceride content with localized 1H‐MRS.
Study type
Test–retest repeatability and measurement validation study.
Subjects
Sixteen volunteers and 22 patients scheduled for open‐heart aortic valve replacement or septal myectomy.
Field Strength/Sequence
Prospectively ECG‐triggered respiratory‐gated free‐breathing single‐voxel point‐resolved spectroscopy (PRESS) sequence at 3 T.
Assessment
Myocardial total creatine and triglyceride content were quantified relative to the total water content by fitting the 1H‐MR spectra. Precision was assessed with measurement repeatability. Accuracy was assessed by validating in vivo 1H‐MRS measurements against biochemical assays in myocardial tissue from the same subjects.
Statistical Tests
Intrasession and intersession repeatability was assessed using Bland–Altman analyses. Agreement between 1H‐MRS measurements and biochemical assay was tested with regression analyses.
Results
The intersession repeatability coefficient for myocardial total creatine content was 41.8% with a mean value of 0.083% ± 0.020% of the total water signal, and 36.7% for myocardial triglyceride content with a mean value of 0.35% ± 0.13% of the total water signal. Ex vivo myocardial total creatine concentrations in tissue samples correlated with the in vivo myocardial total creatine content measured with 1H‐MRS: n = 22, r = 0.44; P < 0.05. Likewise, ex vivo myocardial triglyceride concentrations correlated with the in vivo myocardial triglyceride content: n = 20, r = 0.50; P < 0.05.
Data Conclusion
We validated the use of localized 1H‐MRS of the human heart at 3 T for quantitative assessments of in vivo myocardial tissue metabolite content by estimating the measurement precision and accuracy.
Level of Evidence
2
Technical Efficacy Stage
2</description><identifier>ISSN: 1053-1807</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1522-2586</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/jmri.27531</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33569824</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Hoboken, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc</publisher><subject>Accuracy ; Aorta ; Aortic valve ; biopsy ; Creatine ; EKG ; Field strength ; Heart ; Heart valves ; In vivo methods and tests ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Magnetic resonance spectroscopy ; Metabolites ; Moisture content ; myectomy ; myocardial metabolism ; Original Research ; Proton magnetic resonance ; Quantitative analysis ; Reproducibility ; Resonance ; Spectroscopy ; Spectrum analysis ; Statistical analysis ; Statistical methods ; Statistical tests ; Tissues ; Triglycerides ; validation ; Water content</subject><ispartof>Journal of magnetic resonance imaging, 2021-08, Vol.54 (2), p.411-420</ispartof><rights>2021 The Authors. published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. on behalf of International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.</rights><rights>2021 The Authors. Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. on behalf of International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.</rights><rights>2021. This article is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4481-8999dc8cb4cd42f9748635236948098d1207efa9b072976069daa46eb4b128b63</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4481-8999dc8cb4cd42f9748635236948098d1207efa9b072976069daa46eb4b128b63</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-9291-9441</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002%2Fjmri.27531$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002%2Fjmri.27531$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,780,784,885,1416,27922,27923,45572,45573</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33569824$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Bakermans, Adrianus J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Boekholdt, S. Matthijs</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vries, Dylan K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Reckman, Yolan J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Farag, Emile S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Heer, Paul</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Uthman, Laween</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Denis, Simone W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zuurbier, Coert J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Houtkooper, Riekelt H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Koolbergen, David R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kluin, Jolanda</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Planken, R. Nils</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lamb, Hildo J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Webb, Andrew G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Strijkers, Gustav J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Beard, Daniel A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jeneson, Jeroen A.L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nederveen, Aart J.</creatorcontrib><title>Quantification of Myocardial Creatine and Triglyceride Content in the Human Heart: Precision and Accuracy of in vivo Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy</title><title>Journal of magnetic resonance imaging</title><addtitle>J Magn Reson Imaging</addtitle><description>Background
Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H‐MRS) of the human heart is deemed to be a quantitative method to investigate myocardial metabolite content, but thorough validations of in vivo measurements against invasive techniques are lacking.
Purpose
To determine measurement precision and accuracy for quantifications of myocardial total creatine and triglyceride content with localized 1H‐MRS.
Study type
Test–retest repeatability and measurement validation study.
Subjects
Sixteen volunteers and 22 patients scheduled for open‐heart aortic valve replacement or septal myectomy.
Field Strength/Sequence
Prospectively ECG‐triggered respiratory‐gated free‐breathing single‐voxel point‐resolved spectroscopy (PRESS) sequence at 3 T.
Assessment
Myocardial total creatine and triglyceride content were quantified relative to the total water content by fitting the 1H‐MR spectra. Precision was assessed with measurement repeatability. Accuracy was assessed by validating in vivo 1H‐MRS measurements against biochemical assays in myocardial tissue from the same subjects.
Statistical Tests
Intrasession and intersession repeatability was assessed using Bland–Altman analyses. Agreement between 1H‐MRS measurements and biochemical assay was tested with regression analyses.
Results
The intersession repeatability coefficient for myocardial total creatine content was 41.8% with a mean value of 0.083% ± 0.020% of the total water signal, and 36.7% for myocardial triglyceride content with a mean value of 0.35% ± 0.13% of the total water signal. Ex vivo myocardial total creatine concentrations in tissue samples correlated with the in vivo myocardial total creatine content measured with 1H‐MRS: n = 22, r = 0.44; P < 0.05. Likewise, ex vivo myocardial triglyceride concentrations correlated with the in vivo myocardial triglyceride content: n = 20, r = 0.50; P < 0.05.
Data Conclusion
We validated the use of localized 1H‐MRS of the human heart at 3 T for quantitative assessments of in vivo myocardial tissue metabolite content by estimating the measurement precision and accuracy.
Level of Evidence
2
Technical Efficacy Stage
2</description><subject>Accuracy</subject><subject>Aorta</subject><subject>Aortic valve</subject><subject>biopsy</subject><subject>Creatine</subject><subject>EKG</subject><subject>Field strength</subject><subject>Heart</subject><subject>Heart valves</subject><subject>In vivo methods and tests</subject><subject>Magnetic resonance imaging</subject><subject>Magnetic resonance spectroscopy</subject><subject>Metabolites</subject><subject>Moisture content</subject><subject>myectomy</subject><subject>myocardial metabolism</subject><subject>Original Research</subject><subject>Proton magnetic resonance</subject><subject>Quantitative analysis</subject><subject>Reproducibility</subject><subject>Resonance</subject><subject>Spectroscopy</subject><subject>Spectrum analysis</subject><subject>Statistical analysis</subject><subject>Statistical methods</subject><subject>Statistical tests</subject><subject>Tissues</subject><subject>Triglycerides</subject><subject>validation</subject><subject>Water content</subject><issn>1053-1807</issn><issn>1522-2586</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>24P</sourceid><sourceid>WIN</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kcFu1DAQhiMEoqVw4QGQJS4IKcV2bMfmUKlaAVvUFVDK2XKcydarrL3YyaI8Cy-L0y0VcOBky_P508z8RfGc4FOCMX2z2UZ3SmtekQfFMeGUlpRL8TDfMa9KInF9VDxJaYMxVorxx8VRVXGhJGXHxc8vo_GD65w1gwsehQ6tpmBNbJ3p0SJCfvaAjG_RdXTrfrIQXQtoEfwAfkDOo-EG0HLcGo-WYOLwFn2OYF2abfO3c2vHaOw0qzO9d_uQiTDk8sqsPQzOoitIwRtvAX3dgR1iSDbspqfFo870CZ7dnSfFt_fvrhfL8vLTh4vF-WVpGZOklEqp1krbMNsy2qmaSVFxWgnFJFayJRTX0BnV4JqqWmChWmOYgIY1hMpGVCfF2cG7G5sttDbPFU2vd9FtTZx0ME7_XfHuRq_DXkta10LwLHh1J4jh-whp0FuXLPS98RDGpCmTkvOaCZLRl_-gmzBGn8fTlHOcW1W3wtcHyuZVpAjdfTME6zlzPWeubzPP8Is_279Hf4ecAXIAfrgepv-o9MfV1cVB-gvPcLl3</recordid><startdate>202108</startdate><enddate>202108</enddate><creator>Bakermans, Adrianus J.</creator><creator>Boekholdt, S. Matthijs</creator><creator>Vries, Dylan K.</creator><creator>Reckman, Yolan J.</creator><creator>Farag, Emile S.</creator><creator>Heer, Paul</creator><creator>Uthman, Laween</creator><creator>Denis, Simone W.</creator><creator>Zuurbier, Coert J.</creator><creator>Houtkooper, Riekelt H.</creator><creator>Koolbergen, David R.</creator><creator>Kluin, Jolanda</creator><creator>Planken, R. Nils</creator><creator>Lamb, Hildo J.</creator><creator>Webb, Andrew G.</creator><creator>Strijkers, Gustav J.</creator><creator>Beard, Daniel A.</creator><creator>Jeneson, Jeroen A.L.</creator><creator>Nederveen, Aart J.</creator><general>John Wiley & Sons, Inc</general><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><scope>24P</scope><scope>WIN</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9291-9441</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202108</creationdate><title>Quantification of Myocardial Creatine and Triglyceride Content in the Human Heart: Precision and Accuracy of in vivo Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy</title><author>Bakermans, Adrianus J. ; Boekholdt, S. Matthijs ; Vries, Dylan K. ; Reckman, Yolan J. ; Farag, Emile S. ; Heer, Paul ; Uthman, Laween ; Denis, Simone W. ; Zuurbier, Coert J. ; Houtkooper, Riekelt H. ; Koolbergen, David R. ; Kluin, Jolanda ; Planken, R. Nils ; Lamb, Hildo J. ; Webb, Andrew G. ; Strijkers, Gustav J. ; Beard, Daniel A. ; Jeneson, Jeroen A.L. ; Nederveen, Aart J.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4481-8999dc8cb4cd42f9748635236948098d1207efa9b072976069daa46eb4b128b63</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Accuracy</topic><topic>Aorta</topic><topic>Aortic valve</topic><topic>biopsy</topic><topic>Creatine</topic><topic>EKG</topic><topic>Field strength</topic><topic>Heart</topic><topic>Heart valves</topic><topic>In vivo methods and tests</topic><topic>Magnetic resonance imaging</topic><topic>Magnetic resonance spectroscopy</topic><topic>Metabolites</topic><topic>Moisture content</topic><topic>myectomy</topic><topic>myocardial metabolism</topic><topic>Original Research</topic><topic>Proton magnetic resonance</topic><topic>Quantitative analysis</topic><topic>Reproducibility</topic><topic>Resonance</topic><topic>Spectroscopy</topic><topic>Spectrum analysis</topic><topic>Statistical analysis</topic><topic>Statistical methods</topic><topic>Statistical tests</topic><topic>Tissues</topic><topic>Triglycerides</topic><topic>validation</topic><topic>Water content</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Bakermans, Adrianus J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Boekholdt, S. 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Nils</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lamb, Hildo J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Webb, Andrew G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Strijkers, Gustav J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Beard, Daniel A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jeneson, Jeroen A.L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nederveen, Aart J.</creatorcontrib><collection>Wiley-Blackwell Open Access Titles</collection><collection>Wiley Free Content</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Journal of magnetic resonance imaging</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Bakermans, Adrianus J.</au><au>Boekholdt, S. Matthijs</au><au>Vries, Dylan K.</au><au>Reckman, Yolan J.</au><au>Farag, Emile S.</au><au>Heer, Paul</au><au>Uthman, Laween</au><au>Denis, Simone W.</au><au>Zuurbier, Coert J.</au><au>Houtkooper, Riekelt H.</au><au>Koolbergen, David R.</au><au>Kluin, Jolanda</au><au>Planken, R. Nils</au><au>Lamb, Hildo J.</au><au>Webb, Andrew G.</au><au>Strijkers, Gustav J.</au><au>Beard, Daniel A.</au><au>Jeneson, Jeroen A.L.</au><au>Nederveen, Aart J.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Quantification of Myocardial Creatine and Triglyceride Content in the Human Heart: Precision and Accuracy of in vivo Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy</atitle><jtitle>Journal of magnetic resonance imaging</jtitle><addtitle>J Magn Reson Imaging</addtitle><date>2021-08</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>54</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>411</spage><epage>420</epage><pages>411-420</pages><issn>1053-1807</issn><eissn>1522-2586</eissn><abstract>Background
Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H‐MRS) of the human heart is deemed to be a quantitative method to investigate myocardial metabolite content, but thorough validations of in vivo measurements against invasive techniques are lacking.
Purpose
To determine measurement precision and accuracy for quantifications of myocardial total creatine and triglyceride content with localized 1H‐MRS.
Study type
Test–retest repeatability and measurement validation study.
Subjects
Sixteen volunteers and 22 patients scheduled for open‐heart aortic valve replacement or septal myectomy.
Field Strength/Sequence
Prospectively ECG‐triggered respiratory‐gated free‐breathing single‐voxel point‐resolved spectroscopy (PRESS) sequence at 3 T.
Assessment
Myocardial total creatine and triglyceride content were quantified relative to the total water content by fitting the 1H‐MR spectra. Precision was assessed with measurement repeatability. Accuracy was assessed by validating in vivo 1H‐MRS measurements against biochemical assays in myocardial tissue from the same subjects.
Statistical Tests
Intrasession and intersession repeatability was assessed using Bland–Altman analyses. Agreement between 1H‐MRS measurements and biochemical assay was tested with regression analyses.
Results
The intersession repeatability coefficient for myocardial total creatine content was 41.8% with a mean value of 0.083% ± 0.020% of the total water signal, and 36.7% for myocardial triglyceride content with a mean value of 0.35% ± 0.13% of the total water signal. Ex vivo myocardial total creatine concentrations in tissue samples correlated with the in vivo myocardial total creatine content measured with 1H‐MRS: n = 22, r = 0.44; P < 0.05. Likewise, ex vivo myocardial triglyceride concentrations correlated with the in vivo myocardial triglyceride content: n = 20, r = 0.50; P < 0.05.
Data Conclusion
We validated the use of localized 1H‐MRS of the human heart at 3 T for quantitative assessments of in vivo myocardial tissue metabolite content by estimating the measurement precision and accuracy.
Level of Evidence
2
Technical Efficacy Stage
2</abstract><cop>Hoboken, USA</cop><pub>John Wiley & Sons, Inc</pub><pmid>33569824</pmid><doi>10.1002/jmri.27531</doi><tpages>10</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9291-9441</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Journal of magnetic resonance imaging, 2021-08, Vol.54 (2), p.411-420 |
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| subjects | Accuracy Aorta Aortic valve biopsy Creatine EKG Field strength Heart Heart valves In vivo methods and tests Magnetic resonance imaging Magnetic resonance spectroscopy Metabolites Moisture content myectomy myocardial metabolism Original Research Proton magnetic resonance Quantitative analysis Reproducibility Resonance Spectroscopy Spectrum analysis Statistical analysis Statistical methods Statistical tests Tissues Triglycerides validation Water content |
| title | Quantification of Myocardial Creatine and Triglyceride Content in the Human Heart: Precision and Accuracy of in vivo Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy |
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